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OFFICIAL 

V 


EXPOSITION    RECORD 

AND    HISTORY  OF  MASONRY    IN 
THE  STATE  OF  NEW  YORK 


41 .  I 

OFFICIAL 

EXPOSITION  RECORD 


AND 


History  of  Masonry 

IN  THE  STATE  OF  NEW  YORK 


IN  CONNECTION  WITH 


FIRST  ANNUAL 


Fashion  Exposition 


FOR  THE  BENEFIT  OF 


Masonic  Hospital  Activities 


MADISON  SQUARE  GARDEN,  NEW  YORK  CITY 

MAY  8  TO  13,  1922 


The  Historical  Articles  in  this  book  are  reprinted  by  permission 

from 

"History  of  Free  Masonry  in  the  State  of  New  York" 

by  Ossian  Lang, 

Copyrighted  1922,  by  Grand  Lodge  of  New  York,  F.&A  M. 

All  rights  reserved 


Printed  in  United  States  of  America 

Press  of  Eaton  &  Gettinger 

New  York 


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Wt)t  (germ  of 
iWa&mrp 

M  T  If  you  are  inquiring  what  is  the 
j\  germ  and  essence  of  Free 
Masonry,  we  herewith  reveal  to  you 
the  "secret."  You  can  find  it  in 
the  twelfth  chapter  of  Mark,  thir- 
tieth and  thirty-first  verses,  and  to 
make  it  even  more  convenient  for 
you  we  herewith  quote  it: 

M  T  "Thou  shalt  love  the  Lord  thy 
jj  God  with  all  thy  heart,  and 
with  all  thy  soul,  and  with  all  thy 
mind  and  with  all  thy  strength,  and 
thy  neighbor  as  thyself." 

M     You  need  not  be  afraid  to  let 
j\      your  wife  know  this,  for  the 
more   she    tells    it    the    better    for 
Masonry. 


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[7] 


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«. 


PRESIDENT    HARDING'S 

OPINION   OF 

MASONRY 


[9 


MRS.  WARREN  G.  HARDING 
First  Lady  of  the  Land 


Copyright  Harris  &  Ewing 


BROTHER  WARREN  G.  HARDING 
President  of  the  United  Stales 


ROBERT  H.  ROBINSON 

Grand  Master  of  Masons  in  the  State  of  New  York 


ARTHUR  S.  TOMPKINS 
Deputy  Grand  Master  of  Masons  in  the  Slate  of  New  York 


ROBERT  JUDSON  KENWORTHY 

Grand  Secretary  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Masons  in  the  State  of  New  York 


CHRISTOPHER  C.  MOLLENHAUER 
Grand  Treasurer  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Masons  in  the  State  of  New  York 


Gjrand  JPodge  Officers 


Harold  J.  Richar.dsoiy 

Senior  Gra.r\d  W&rdeix 


Charles  H. Johnson 

durxior  Grand  Warders. 


John  J.  I^acCr.ui^ 

Gr  a.i\d  I^JarsKad 


OsSJAN    LANG 
Gra,r\d  Historian 


Asher.  Mayer. 
Senior  Gt'Aivd  JD^^-corv 


Louis  E.  Eaton 

Junior  Grand  Dea.cor\ 


[16] 


T^istriEi  'Deputy  Cjrand  zjKCasters 


Charles  of.  Leister. 
3"  King's 


Charles  H.Haolocc, 


FA.OrffiniyxiNic 
ls-r  I^ixlwtUix 


Ray  D.Adams 

3-  Ms-i\K8vtt8\r\ 


Terry  ty.TowNSEND 
4-  M&iK».1K&i\ 


Charles  H. Holland 

53  l"Jw\K»>tl;iM\ 


[17] 


DistriSi  'Deputy  Qrand  ^(Casters 


George  M-Bennett 

6-  t*t&i\K».1fca-i\ 


I&AAG  M.6rtkXR- 
7-  t-l*,i\l\&tl;av]\ 


HELLMUTH  MOER.CHEN 

8r-=  r^Kl\8vtt.&t\ 


6USTAVE  KpTZENBER.<3 
9-  t"t3\r\t\s.1fc^K 


Harry  6.  Goss 

2-  VfoteKesferitoHixsj^. 


Lee  Parsons  <Davi<s 


[18] 


cDistri&  deputy  Gjrand  ^JMasters 


Antonio  Polito 


Troy  Alexander, 

2-  I^a,i\Ka,fctJKix 


Henry  G.Wilkens 

3^   Kir\gs 


Edgar  M.R.oas 

R.icKn\oi\d  District- 


John  V.  Dehpsey 
Nassau- SuffolcDistricr 


Fi?ank_  A.Hooker. 
Bfor\x  Oiatncfe 


[19] 


Why  the  Masonic  Fraternity 
Holds  an  Exposition 

HAPPY  in  the  light  of  war  experiences,  the  Fraternity 
as    a   most    honorable    and    influential    institution    has 
awakened  to  the  opportunity  to  extend  its  efforts  to  aid 
the  needy  and  suffering  of  humanity,  and  to  become  a  more 
active  agency  for  better  things  in  national  and  civic  life. 

With  a  membership  of  over  270,000  in  New  York  State, 
having  no  class  distinction,  no  geographical  divisions,  no  indus- 
trial or  business  discriminations,  no  partisan  alignments,  and,  in 
particular,  no  religious  distinctions  or  discriminations,  who  then, 
as  a  body  of  men,  are  better  fitted  to  go  to  the  whole  people 
asking  cooperation  and  support  for  this  most  worthy  charitable 
purpose. 

The  Memorial  Hospital  at  Utica,  a  million-dollar  institution, 
is  now  completed  and  for  a  few  years  only  will  need  funds  for 
its  maintenance,  after  which  time  the  Endowment  Fund  will  be 
ample  to  cover  its  operation.  Then  it  will  stand  on  its  own 
footing,  fulfilling  the  most  noble  of  hospital  requirements  in  the 
care  of  the  Craft's  incurables  and  those  who  are  physically 
indigent. 

In  New  York  City  a  fund  has  been  started  with  which  to 
build  the  Masonic  Free  Hospital  where  the  poor  and  needy  of  the 
greater  city  may  be  taken,  regardless  of  who  or  what  they  may  be, 

[20] 


there  to  receive  the  best  of  care  and  every  possible  attention,  free 
from  all  charges. 

The  initial  step  in  this  great  project  has  been  taken  and  the 
Fraternity  will  be  solicited  to  obligate  itself  for  the  upkeep  of 
one  floor  in  the  new-  Broad  Street  Hospital,  to  be  known  as  the 
Masonic  Floor,  where  the  Fraternity  will  be  ever  ready  to  receive 
its  charges,  no  matter  what  their  physical  ailments  may  be. 

The  Exposition  has  been  instituted  for  the  purpose  of  sup- 
porting these  Hospital  Activities  and  will  make  its  appeal  to  the 
public  along  the  same  lines  as  other  high-class  Shows  and 
Expositions. 

Beyond  the  practical  purposes  outlined,  we  can  foresee  in 
the  all  too  brief  era  of  the  Exposition,  a  joyous  commingling  of 
the  men  of  the  Craft  and  their  families  in  a  mighty  reunion  full 
of  happiness  and  enthusiasm.  The  value  of  such  a  fellowship  is 
incalculable. 

The  moral  effect  of  the  demonstration  our  Craft  would  make 
if  the  interest  and  cooperation  of  the  thousands  of  Masons  in 
New  York  can  be  mobilized,  is  beyond  words  to  estimate. 

It  is  to  the  attainment  of  this  great  asset  in  the  life  and 
energy  of  the  Fraternity  of  our  Greater  City  that  we  seek  and 
fraternally  urge  the  men  of  the  Craft  in  New  York,  irrespective 
of  lodge  district  or  locality,  to  lend  their  cordial  and  generous 
support. 

Who  Is  Behind  the  Exposition? 

Over  270,000  Masons  in  New  York  are  interested  in  the  suc- 
cess of  this  tremendous  charity.  Masonry's  affiliated  bodies  com- 
prising a  membership  of  over  300,000  men  and  women  stand 
solidly  behind  the  enterprise.  They  include  The  Scottish  Rite 
Bodies,  Knights  Templar,  Royal  Arch  Masons,  The  Mystic 
Shrine,  The  Grotto,  Tall  Cedars  of  Lebanon  and  our  daughters 
of  the  Order  of  the  Eastern  Star. 

With  this  tremendous  Family  of  Masonic  workers  back  of  the 
Exposition,  a  hearty  and  enthusiastic  public  response  is  certain. 

[21] 


THE     EXPOSITION     ADMINISTRATION 


Officers,  Directors  and  Members  of  Committees  in  charge  of  the  Event 

General  Chairman 

ROBERT  H.  ROBINSON 

Grand  Master  of  Masons  in  the 
State  of  N.  Y. 


ROBERT  JUDSON  KENWORTHX" 
Grand  Secretary 


WALTER  E.   FREW 

Treasurer 


Troy  Alexander 
Ray  D.  Adams 
Isaac  M.  Baker 
George  M.  Bennett 
Lee  Parsons  Davis 
Charles  H.  Holland 


DIRECTORS   IN   CHIEF 
Gustav  Kotzenberg 
Fred'k  K.  Onderdonk 
Charles  H.  Schroeder 
John  F.  Dempsey 
Frank  A.  Hooker 
<  sables  j.  leistner 

Antonio  Polito 

M  AN  AGING  DIRECTOR 
Harry  R.  Raver 


MANAGING  DIRECTOR'S  STAFF 


Terry  M.  Townsend 
Harry  B.  Goss 
Charles  H.  Hadlock 
Hellmuth  Moerchen 
Edgar  H.  Ross 
Henry  G.  Wilkin s 


Edward  C.  White 
Manager 

J.  R.  Bolton 

Fashion  Show  Director 


Mrs.  Georgie  Fox 
Secretary 

E.  D.  Lutz 

M'jr.  Official  Program 


F.    George    Klein 
Comptroller 

Charles  Hesser 
Mgr.  Exhibits 


Helen  Santoro  John  Chisiiolm 

Publicity  Director  Advertising  Manager 

Charles  Laird  Gertrude  Erdman  Harriet  Brent 

Donation  Card  Mgr.  Caslii<  >■  Cashier 


RECEPTION 
Hon.   William  S.   Farmer 
Hon.  Thomas  Penney 
Rev.  S.  Parks  Cadman 
Hon.  Charles  Smith 
Hon.  Robert  Judson  Kenworthy 
Hon.  S.  Nelson  Sawyer 
Hon.  Townsend  Scudder 
Hon.  Joseph  Aspinwall 
General  Leonard  Wood 
Hon.  Bird  S.  Coler 
General  H.   DeWitt  Hamilton 
Hon.  Joab  H.  Banton 
Hon.  William  H.  Calder 


COMMITTEE 

Hon.  Arthur  S.  Tompkins 
Hon.  Herman  A.  Metz 
Hon.  Otto  A.  Rozalsky 
Hon.  Alfred  R.  Page 
Hon.  Joseph  E.  Newburger 
Hon.  Charles  S.  Whitman 
Hon.  M.  L.  Erlanger 
Hon.  Henry  A.  Gildersleeve 
Augustus  Thomas 
Walter  S.  Reed 
Hon.  T.  C.  T.  Crane 
Hon.  John  Wanamaker 
Charles  H.  Johnson 


[22] 


THE     EXPOSITION     ADMINISTRATION 


Officers,  Directors  and  Members  of  Committees  in  charge  of  the  Event 

FINANCE  COMMITTEE 

.    Walter  E.  Frew,  Chairman 
Hon.  William  G.  McAdoo  George  T.  Montgomery 

Charles  H.  Sabin  Edw.  E.  B.  Adams 

Linus  P.  Hosmer  William  H.  Miller 

Henry  C.  Stevens  William  J.  Montgomery 

Wm.  K.  Burns 

HISTORICAL    PROGRAM 


Ossian  Lang,  Grand  Historian 
Wilfred  H.  Thompson 


Frank  E.  Cooley 
John  Lloyd  Thomas 


PUBLICITY   COMMITTEE 


J.  Edward  Hardexbergh 
Wm.  H.  Donaldson 
B.   Brittain  Wilson 
S.  Jay  Kaufman 
Edward  E.  Pidgeon 
Epes  W.  Sargent 
Garet  Garrett 
Paul  Gulick 
Albert  Payson  Terhune 


Lyman  D.  Post 
Elmer  J.  Walters 
Charles  Montg.  White 
William  Ranney  Wilson 
William  Boyd  Tindle 
Frederic  F.  Van  de  Water 
John  J.  Leary,  Jr. 
Henry  Martin 
Donald  Meaney 


amusem  ent  committee 


A.  L.  Erlanger 
George  M.  Cohan 
Sam.  H.  Harris 
Irving   Berlin 
Eddie  Cantor 
Roland  West 
Wm.  B.  Friedlander 
Richard  Bennett 
Marc  Klaw 


Sam  A.  Scribner 
Edward  J.  MacGregor 
Sidner  R.  Ellis 
Alfred  E.  Aarons 
Mark  A.  Luescher 
Chester  DeVonde 
Sargent  Aborn 
Harry  Seamon 
Leon  Errol 


FASHION    SHOW    COMMITTEE 

Nate  Spingold,  Chairman  Alfred  Fantl 

David  N.  Mosessohn  J.  J.  Goldman 

Milton  Wolf 


COMMITTEE    ON    ADMISSIONS 
All  Masters  of  Lodges  in  the  Metropolitan  District 

[23] 


THE      EXPOSITION      ADMINISTRATION 

Officers,  Directors  and  Members  of  Committees  in  charge  of  the  Event 
EASTERN  STAR  DIVISION 

Chairman  and  Associates 


M  RS.  CLARA  S.  HETSENBUTTLE 
Grand    Matron 


MRS.   MILDRED   V.    EVERSON 

Associate  Grand   Matron 


MRS.   ANNIE   M.   POND 
Gram!  Secretary 

RECEPTION   COMMITTEE 

Mrs.  M.  Frances  Thornton  Miss  Sarah  M.  Babcock 

Mrs.  Daisy  M.  B.  Shepiiard  Mrs.  May  M.  Goodebson 

Mrs.  Elizabeth  M.  Wurtz  Mrs.  Louisa  Emmebson 

Mrs.  Georgina  Scardefiet.h  Mrs.  Margaret  D.  Clawson 


GENERAL    COMMITTEE 


Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Miss 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Miss 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Miss 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 
Mrs. 


Latta  MacDonell  Mrs. 

Emma  A.  Teller  Mrs. 

Mabel  A.  Stewart  Mrs. 

Ellen  E.  Cochrane  Mrs. 

Lillian  i.  Hedges  Mrs. 

C.  Louise  Reid  Mrs. 

Mary  C.   IIilker  Mrs. 

Lillian  L.  Tibball  Mrs. 

Rose  Mendelowitz  Mrs. 

Eleanor  A.  Borge.n  Mrs. 

Margaret  E.  Harford  Mrs. 

Eleanor  E.  Akin  Miss 

Ella  R.  Hall  Mrs. 

Edith  Gillespie  Mrs. 

Minnie  A.  Niles  Mrs. 

Minnie  B.  Cone  Mrs. 

Pearl  Excell  Mrs. 

Edna  S.  Greene  Mrs. 

(  i:c  ilia  M.  Fink  Mrs. 

Cora  C.  Seidel  Miss 

Cornelia  M.  Kingman  Mrs. 

Marie  A.  Fletcher  Mrs. 

Jennie  Lewis  Mrs. 

Emma  Gtjenzel  Mrs. 

Cora  (  .  Snyder  Mrs. 

Frances  J.  Crooks  Mrs. 

C.  Lulu  Jackson  Miss 

Grace  L.  Doyle  Mrs. 

Emma  Shaler  Mrs. 

Ida  B.  Manson  Mrs. 

Jessie  C.  Markle  Mrs. 


Alice  E.  Norwood 
Nan  Reid  Coy 
Etta  M.  Miller 
Sadie  M.  Foote 
Mabelle  G.  Cooley 
Erven  a  Thompson 
Sarah  H.  Van  Alstine 
Carrie  M.  Ellsworth 
Anna  J.  Van  Yolkenberg 
Eppie  Simpson 
Gertrude  E.  Miller 
Adelaide  Lehr 
Julia  McCord 
Christine  Wolf 
Annie  L.  Morrell 
Susie  J.  Gilbert 
Helen  Young 
Irma  W.  Bedell 
Caroline  Horstman 
. I  essie  Heinrich 
Sarah  Wilson 
Flora  M.  Robinson 
Minnie  L.  Gardinier 
Fanny  Sciiiff 
Katharine  Gillette 
Louise  E.  Holker 
Lulu  M.  Harnden 
Helen  B.  Fulkerson 
Grace  L.  Thomas 
Margaret  J.  Rhodes 
Ettie  C.  White 


TICKET   COMMITTEE 

Worthy  Matrons   of   Chapters   Order   of  the  Eastern   Star   within   the 

Metropolitan  District 


[24] 


The  Masonic  Free  Hospital 
of  New  York 


THE  Masonic  Fraternity  has  in  the  past  confined  its  home  and 
hospital  activities  to  its  members  and  their  dependents,  but  has 
through  its  lodges  and  grand  lodges  been  constant  contributor  to 
all  forms  of  charitable  work  and  a  supporter  of  every  humanitarian 
endeavor. 

Masonry  is  now  making  its  first  move  as  an  organization  to  expand 
its  humanitarian  principles  by  the  establishment  of  a  fund  to  erect 
a  hospital  in  the  city  of  New  York,  which  will  be  maintained  by  the 
Order  and  will  be  free  to  the  poor  and  needy  regardless  of  who  or 
what  they  may  be. 

In  order  to  put  this  splendid  thought  into  concrete  form  and  imme- 
diate action,  the  Grand  Master  and  the  Grand  Secretary,  with  other 
Grand  Lodge  officers,  have  taken  advantage  of  a  most  unusual  oppor- 
tunity to  secure  from  the  Broad  Street  Hospital  the  entire  seventh 
floor  of  its  new  building,  comprising  six  rooms,  a  lounging  room, 
baths  and  other  conveniences,  this  floor  to  be  ready  for  use  on 
June  first. 

However,  these  limited  facilities  in  the  Broad  Street  Hospital  can- 
not possibly  meet  the  demands  which  will  be  made  for  free  hospital 
accommodations,  but  will  serve  as  the  initial  step  in  the  greater 
hospital  project. 

Various  lodges  have  from  time  to  time  in  the  past  made  contribu- 
tions to  public  hospitals  and  dedicated  beds  therein,  but  are  now 
diverting  such  funds  to  the  Masonic  Free  Hospital  of  New  York 
City.  The  annual  Exposition,  under  Masonic  auspices  and  conducted 
under  the  supervision  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  the  State  of  New  York, 
will  provide  a  large  share  of  the  revenue  necessary  to  erect  and 
maintain  the  splendid  new  edifice. 

[25] 


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War  Work  and  the  Memorial 

Hospital 

THE  entry  of  the  United  States  in  the  World  War,  as  an  active 
ally  of  the  forces  battling  for  justice,  liberty  and  democracy, 
roused  the  fraternity  in  the  State  of  New  York  to  a  new  sense 
of  its  responsibilities  toward  mankind.  More  than  twenty-five  thou- 
sand of  the  membership  of  the  Grand  Lodge  responded  to  the  call 
to  arms  in  the  army,  navy  and  marine  service.  Many  hundreds 
more,  who  could  not  enlist  in  the  fighting  ranks,  offered  their  ener- 
gies to  the  accredited  relief  forces  in  the  camps  and  recreation 
centers  here  and  abroad  and  at  the  battle  front  overseas.  All  the 
brethren,  in  whatever  station,  labored  together  in  unison  with  the 
great  host  of  American  patriots  to  bring  the  world-wide  struggle 
for  right  to  a  speedy  and  successful  end. 

A  War  and  Relief  Fund  was  created  by  the  Grand  Lodge  and 
contributions  invited.  It  was  also  decided  to  engage  in  ministry  to 
the  men  in  war  service  in  camps  and  cantonments  and  at  the 
battle  front.  An  Overseas  Mission  was  organized  to  carry  on  this 
work. 

Grand  Master  Thomas  Penney,  recognizing  the  desirability  of 
having  the  Masons  in  the  United  States  act  as  a  unit  in  the  war 
emergency,  issued  a  call  to  a  conference  of  representatives  of  the 
several  Grand  Lodges.  The  conference  was  held  in  New  York  City, 
in  May,  1918.  It  was  followed  by  a  conference,  called  by  Grand 
Master  Schoonover,  of  Iowa,  and  held  at  Cedar  Rapids,  in  that 
State.  The  twenty-two  Grand  Lodges  represented  at  the  latter 
conference  adopted  New  York's  overseas  program  and  appointed 
Townsend  Scudder  as  their  agent  and  commissioner. 

The  Mission  proceeded  to  France.  At  Paris,  a  Trowel  and  Triangle 
Club  was  found  in  operation,  composed  of  Masons  identified  with 
the  A.  E.  F. — Y.  M.  C.  A.  personnel.  The  club  was  reorganized, 
its  purposes  expanded,  and  a  comprehensive  information  and  recrea- 
tion service  established.  The  Paris  headquarters  of  the  Mission 
became  the  center  of  Masonic  activities.  Clubs  were  established 
and   practical   relief  work  extended   over   a   large  part   of   the   war 

[27] 


War  Work  and  the  Memorial  Hospital 


area.  There  were  also  four  Masonic  Lodges  in  full  working  order 
in  France,  constituted  under  the  personal  Warrant  of  Grand  Master 
William  S.  Farmer.  An  astonishingly  large  amount  of  good  was 
done  in  the  short  space  of  six  months  between  February  and  Sep- 
tember,  1919. 

At  New  York,  a  well-equipped  Soldiers  and  Sailors'  Club  was 
maintained,  in  Masonic  Hall.  The  Masonic  Board  of  Relief  of  New 
York  City  offered  its  commodious  house  for  additional  hospitality, 
where  sleeping  quarters  were  available  for  men  in  the  service. 
Organized  relief  work  was  extended  to  sixteen  U.  S.  Army  and 
Navy  Hospitals  in  various  parts  of  the  State,  in  cooperation  with  the 
American  Red  Cross.  Voluntary  representatives,  fifty-six  of  them, 
visited  the  hospitals  several  times  each  week,  bringing  comfort  to 
the  wounded  and  sick  and  attending  to  such  of  their  wants  as  they 
found  possible.  Communications  were  established  with  relatives 
of  the  suffering,  and  other  services  rendered  to  members  of  the 
Craft  and  sons  of  Masons  from  practically  all  States  of  the  Union, 
Canada,  England,  Scotland,  Panama,  and  the  Philippine  Islands. 

Service  was  rendered  also  to  the  men  debarked  at  New  York  City 
on  their  return  from  the  war.  A  helpful  information  service  was 
placed  at  their  command,  and  every  possible  aid  was  extended  to 
them. 

On  the  whole,  the  achievements  in  all  departments  of  relief  work, 
during  the  period  of  the  war,  have  been  most  gratifying. 

THE     MEMORIAL     HOSPITAL 

After  the  close  of  the  war,  the  Grand  Lodge  decided  to  set  aside 
the  balance  remaining  in  the  War  Relief  Fund  for  the  erection  of  a 
Masonic  Soldiers  and  Sailors'  Memorial  Hospital  at  Utica.  This 
much-needed  addition  to  the  relief  agencies  of  the  Craft  was  com- 
pleted early  in  1922  and  dedicated  on  April  22,  1922.  The  beautiful 
structure  reveals  in  all  its  perfect  appointments  the  care  and  labor 
devoted  to  the  task  of  supplying  a  hospital  worthy  to  be  known  as 
a  memorial  to  the  self-sacrifice  of  the  thousands  of  Masons  who 
fought  in  the  war  service  of  their  country. 

An  Endowment  Fund  has  been  created  which  is  expected  to  be 
large  enough,  about  ten  years  from  now,  to  yield  an  income  sufficient 
to  maintain  the  Hospital.  Meanwhile  a  special  Maintenance  Fund 
is  being  built  up  to  take  care  of  necessities  meanwhile.  Voluntary 
contributions  have  given  this  fund  a  fair  start.  It  is  hoped  that  the 
great  good  accomplished  by  the  Hospital  will  inspire  generous- 
hearted  brethren  to  provide  amply  for  the  work.  The  object  is 
worthy  of  every  support  that  practical  charity  can  supply. 


[28] 


Masonic  Soldiers  and  Sailors 
Memorial  Hospital 

DEDICATED    AT    UTICA,    N.    Y.,    APRIL    22,    1922 
H.  P.  Knowles,  Architect 

THE  hospital  building  just  completed  on  the  gi-ounds  of  the 
Masonic  Home  at  Utica,  N.  Y.,  was  started  in  the  spring  of 
1919,  at  which  time  the  contract  for  the  foundation  walls  only 
was  given  out,  and  not  until  the  early  summer  of  1920  was  the 
general  contract  given  out  for  the  entire  completion  of  the  structure. 

A  great  deal  of  study  was  given  to  the  planning  of  this  building, 
as  it  was  the  wish  of  the  War  and  Relief  Administration  that  this 
hospital  should  be  the  very  latest  and  approved  building  of  this  type. 
Differing  much  from  the  emergency  hospital  with  which  we  are  so 
familiar  in  the  larger  cities,  this  hospital  is  intended  primarily  for 
the  care  of  those  Masons,  or  members  of  their  families,  who  become 
incapacitated  through  sickness  or  accident,  and  require  nursing  or 
constant  medical  treatment.  This  great  structure,  therefore,  was 
planned  to  be  as  bright  and  attractive  as  a  hospital  can  be  made. 

The  building  is  a  fireproof  structure  with  a  frontage  220  feet  long, 
with  two  wings  extending  to  the  rear,  each  100  feet  deep  by  32  feet 
wide.  The  exterior  of  the  building  is  of  red  brick  trimmed  with 
Indiana  limestone  and  gray  buff  terra  cotta ;  and  the  roof  is  covered 
with  a  fire  flashed  red  Spanish  tile.  The  building  is  so  placed  that 
sunlight  streams  into  the  various  wards  at  all  hours  of  the  day. 

On  the  first  floor  are  the  executive  offices,  reception  rooms,  parlors, 
the  main  dining  room  for  convalescents,  nurses'  dining  room,  and 
three  or  four  wards  for  patients. 

On  the  second  and  third  floors  there  are  two  large  wards  on  both 
stories,  each  containing  eighteen  beds,  and  six  smaller  wards  on  each 
floor,  containing  from  six  to  eight  beds  each.  At  the  southwest  end 
of  each  of  the  two  large  wards  are  located  large  glass  solariums 
which  may  be  thrown  open  on  summer  days  or  enclosed  from  the  ele- 
ments on  cold  or  stormy  days — admitting  the  sunlight,  however,  at 
all  times  when  the  weather  is  bright.  In  connection  with  the  wards 
are  the  various  auxiliary  rooms  usual  in  up-to-date  hospitals,  except- 
ing that  not  only  are  the  latest  approved  methods  and  fixtures  used, 
but  some  improvements  in  signals,  etc.,  have  been  introduced  which 
are  quite  new.     These  auxiliary  rooms  include  lavatories,  bath  rooms, 

f  29  1 


BRONZE  STATUE  MODELLED  BY  ANTONIO  FERRARI, 

Donated  by  Masons  of  the  10th  District  to  the  Soldiers 
and  Sailors  Memorial  Hospital,  Utica,  N.  Y. 


Masonic  Soldiers  and  Sailors  Memorial  Hospital 

toilet  rooms,  nurses'  utility  rooms,  diet  kitchens,  nurses'  stations, 
linen  rooms,  sink  rooms,  drug  closets,  quiet  rooms,  clothes  rooms, 
laundry  chute,  blanket  warmers,  etc.,  etc.  In  the  center  of  the  build- 
ing on  each  of  these  stories  is  a  large  main  hall,  well  lighted,  which 
will  be  used  as  a  lounge. 

On  the  fourth  floor,  in  the  center  of  the  building,  with  north  light, 
is  a  very  Tine,  well  equipped  operating  room,  lighted  with  a  sloping 
skylight,  and  large  windows;  and  tiled  from  floor  to  ceiling  with  a 
blue-green  tile.  This  room  averages  about  15  feet  in  height.  In 
connection  with  this  operating  room,  is  the  sterilizing  room  completely 
equipped  with  the  most  modern  sterilizing  apparatus,  the  instrument 
room,  nurses'  utility  room,  doctors'  room,  anesthesia  room  and 
recovery  room.  A  dental  operating  room,  dental  laboratory,  also  a 
completely  equipped  diagnostic  laboratory,  are  also  located  on  this 
floor;  as  well  as  space  for  electro-therapeutics  and  hydro-therapeutics. 
There  are  also  living  quarters  for  the  large  staff  of  nurses,  which 
include  very  attractive  sleeping  rooms  with  closets  and  running  water, 
baths,  etc.,  and  a  nurses'  lounge.  At  the  southerly  end  of  this  floor 
are  provided  quarters  for  the  internes  and  other  members  of  the 
medical  staff. 

In  the  basement  is  located  a  very  fine  X-ray  department,  with 
/  machine  room,  dark  room  for  developing  pictures,  and  illumination 
room  for  displaying  slides,  etc. ;  the  morgue,  soiled  linen  and  sterilized 
linen  rooms,  clean  laundry  room,  main  kitchen,  help's  dining  room, 
provision  storage,  general  storage,  orderlies'  quarters  and  a  special 
ward  in  the  northerly  wing  with  the  usual  auxiliary  rooms  in  con- 
nection. 

The  building  is  heated  by  direct  steam  taken  from  the  main  plant 
of  the  Home  which  was  increased  in  size  to  take  care  of  the  extra 
pressure;  lighted  by  electricity,  furnished  with  the  most  up-to-date 
system  of  electric  call  signals  and  telephone  system;  the  finest  plumb- 
ing equipment  and  fixtures,  and  a  special  hospital  elevator.  The 
finish  throughout  is  absolutely  flush  and  sanitary  with  coved  angles 
and  rounded  corners.  The  trim  around  the  doors  and  windows  is  of 
steel,  curved  flush  with  the  plaster  surfaces. 

A  very  beautiful  terrace  75  feet  wide  extends  the  full  length  of 
the  front  of  the  building  and  30  feet  beyond  on  either  end;  raised 
3  feet  6  inches  above  the  surrounding  grade,  and  surrounded  with  a 
low  brick  and  stone  railing.  This  is  laid  out  with  walks,  paved  with 
brick,  and  flower  and  plant  beds,  a  large  pool  in  the  center,  and  a 
very  beautiful  fountain  at  the  northerly  end.  The  landscape  work 
will  give  this  building  a  very  beautiful  setting  which  will  add  greatly 
to  the  beauty  of  the  Home  grounds. 

[31] 


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The  Utica  Home 


THE  Masonic  Home  at  Utica  is  the  pride  of  the  Fraternity.  And 
well  it  may  be.  It  is  the  one  outstanding  visible  monument  of 
the  solicitude  of  the  craft  for  the  care  of  the  needy  of  its  own 
household.  Even  the  casual  passer-by  cannot  but  be  impressed  by  the 
magnitude  and  beauty  of  the  provisions  made  for  the  care  and  com- 
fort of  the  residents.  To  the  inquiring  visitor,  there  will  come  a 
profound  sense  of  the  earnestness  with  which  the  Masons  of  the 
State  of  New  York  are  endeavoring  to  meet  their  freely  assumed 
responsibility  for  the  well-being  of  their  wards. 

The  desire  to  provide  a  suitable  home  for  aged  brethren  and  the 
destitute  widows  and  orphans  of  Masons  made  itself  felt  in  the  craft 
from  the  earliest  years.  In  the  days  before  towns  and  villages  had 
begun  to  absorb  to  a  large  extent  the  rural  population  of  the  State, 
individual  lodges  managed  to  take  care  of  dependents,  and  the  need 
of  general  organization  for  the  relief  of  distress  did  not  make  itself 
felt  to  any  considerable  degree.  In  New  York  City  the  wish  to 
administer  benevolence  by  cooperative  efforts  came  to  expression  first. 
Private  initiative  took  the  lead.  A  memorial  subscription  list  was 
opened  in  1842,  to  be  submitted  to  the  Grand  Lodge.  Greenfield  Pote, 
the  Tiler  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  started  the  list  with  a  donation  of  one 
dollar.  Other  brethren  added  their  contributions.  When  the  memo- 
rial was  submitted,  in  1843,  it  bore  the  signatures  of  one  hundred 
Masons,  and  with  it  was  presented  the  sum  of  $300.00  paid  in  by 
them.  Outside  of  New  York  City  the  desirability  of  the  proposed 
institution  was  not  recognized  with  sufficient  force  to  assure  suc- 
cess as  yet. 

New  enthusiasm  in  the  project  was  kindled  when  the  news  got 
abroad  that  Ole  Bull,  the  famous  Norwegian  violinist,  had  donated 
the  proceeds  of  his  American  farewell  concert  toward  the  widows  and 
orphans  home.  In  1850,  the  Grand  Lodge  voted  that  plans  be  put 
under  way  to  provide  for  "the  aged  and  infirm  of  the  craft,  under 
this  jurisdiction,  and  a  refuge  for  the  destitute  widows  and  orphans 
of  deceased  worthy  brethren." 

The  up-State  brethren  held  a  convention  in  Albany,  in  1851,  and 
declared  it  to  be  "expedient  to  establish  a  Masonic  asylum,  in  some 

[33] 


The  Utica  Home 


central  location  in  this  State."  Despite  laudable  professions  and 
commendable  intentions,  the  matter  dragged  along,  and  very  little 
practical  progress  was  made.  The  building  of  the  Masonic  Hall  in 
New  York  City  absorbed  the  energies  and  resources  of  the  craft  for 
a  number  of  years.  Meanwhile  funds  accumulated  and  plans  matured 
slowly  but  surely. 

In  November,  1887,  a  Grand  Masonic  Fair  was  held  in  the  Masonic 
Hall.  Approximately  $76,500  were  realized  in  three  weeks,  and 
turned  over  to  the  Trustees  toward  the  establishment  of  the  Home. 

In  1890  a  tract  of  land,  covering  about  160  acres,  adjacent  to  the 
city  of  Utica,  was  purchased.  The  central  location,  accessibility,  and 
healthfulness  of  the  place,  overlooking  the  beautiful  Mohawk  Valley, 
decided  the  choice.  The  value  of  the  land  was  $75,000.  The  Grand 
Lodge  paid  $21,750,  the  city  of  Utica  contributed  $30,000,  and  the 
owner,  Charles  W.  Hutchinson,  a  distinguished  member  of  the  craft, 
donated  the  balance. 

Plans  were  adopted  for  the  construction  of  a  building  in  1889. 
There  were  $185,000  in  the  fund  set  aside  for  the  purpose.  Provisions 
were  to  be  made  for  the  housing  of  at  least  100  residents,  exclusive 
of  officers  and  needed  employees. 

On  May  21,  1891,  the  cornerstone  was  laid.  On  October  5,  1892, 
the  completed  building  was  dedicated.  On  February  13,  1893,  Past 
Grand  Master  Jesse  B.  Anthony  was  installed  as  superintendent.  The 
first  aged  couple  to  be  received  into  the  home  arrived  in  May  of 
the   same  year. 

The  Trustees  were  able  to  report  to  the  Grand  Lodge,  in  1893,  that 
the  total  cost  of  the  Home  and  appurtenances  had  been  $230,685.18; 
that  all  obligations  were  liquidated,  and  there  remained  a  balance  on 
hand  of  $155,575.55.  A  permanent  fund  was  created  to  sustain  the 
Home;  the  management  and  investment  of  it  was  left  entirely  to 
the  Trustees. 

The  Home  has  grown  until  now  it  covers  a  number  of  magnificent 
buildings. 

The  structure  dedicated  in  1892  still  stands,  but  it  has  been  en- 
larged and  improved  from  time  to  time.  A  children's  building  was 
added  in  1896,  as  a  memorial  to  Edwin  Booth,  the  famous  actor,  who 
donated  $5,000  toward  its  construction.  Subsequent  gifts  were  made, 
with  the  understanding  that  the  structure  was  to  be  known  as  the 
Edwin  Booth  Memorial. 

Jesse  B.  Anthony  served  as  superintendent  until  his  death,  in  1905. 
Dow  Beekman,  a  Trustee,  took  over  the  work  for  one  year.  Then 
followed  William  J.  Wiley,  under  whose  judicious  management  the 
Home  has  grown  steadily  in  usefulness. 


[34] 


The  Utica  Home 


THE   HOME   GROUNDS 

The  Home  is  located  in  the  center  of  the  State.  The  well-kept 
grounds  cover  approximately  three  hundred  acres.  An  imposing 
array  of  substantial  and  attractive  buildings,  delightful  flower  beds, 
extensive  playgrounds,  prosperous  farm  lands,  model  barns,  grazing 
herds  of  thoroughbred  milk  kine,  a  picturesque  lake,  pleasant  walks— 
everything  combined  testifies  to  the  thoughtfulness  with  which  the 
material  details  have  been  worked  out. 

For  the  aged  inmates,  every  comfort  is  provided  which  fraternal 
solicitude  can  supply.  The  children's  buildings  reveal  in  all  appoint- 
ments the  loving  care  for  the  little  ones  whom  the  craft  has  adopted 
to  be  its  own.  There  are  swings  and  merry-go-rounds  and  see-saws 
for  the  little  ones,  a  fine  baseball  diamond  for  the  boys,  opportunities 
for  football  and  basketball  contests,  and  a  play  pavilion. 

The  cornerstone  of  the  beautiful  Daniel  D.  Tompkins  Memorial 
Chapel  was  laid  by  Grand  Master  Samuel  Nelson  Sawyer  on  April 
16,  1910.  The  completed  building  was  dedicated  on  June  25,  1911, 
by  Grand  Master  Robert  Judson  Kenworthy. 

The  separate  housing  of  the  boys  and  girls  was  made  possible  by 
the  erection  of  the  Knights  Templar  Education  Building,  the  gift  of 
the  Grand  Commandery  of  Knights  Templar  of  the  State  of  New 
York.  This  building  was  assigned  to  the  girls.  The  boys  were  given 
the  full  run  of  the  Booth  Memorial  Building,  which  had  housed  both 
sexes  theretofore. 

In  1920  was  begun  the  erection  of  the  magnificent  Hospital  which 
is  to  stand  as  a  memorial  to  the  soldiers  and  sailors  of  the  Fraternity 
who  offered  up  their  lives  for  the  winning  of  the  war  for  righteous- 
ness and  the  freedom  of  the  world. 

The  ready  response  of  the  Masons  of  the  State  of  New  York  to 
every  call  for  help  to  increase  the  efficiency  and  attractiveness  of  the 
Home  has  its  chief  reasons  in  the  amply  justified  perfect  confidence 
placed  in  the  Trustees  of  the  Hall  and  Asylum  Fund,  and  the  settled 
conviction  that  the  management  of  the  Home  is  deserving  of  the 
fullest  support.  Their  faith  is  well  founded.  A  visit  to  the  Home 
will  persuade  the  most  skeptical  of  this  fact. 


[35] 


[  36 


Masonic  Beginnings  in 
Colonial  New  York 


WHEN  and  WHERE  Masonic  Lodges  first  came  into  existence  in 
Colonial  New  York,  is  one  of  the  many  unsolved  questions 
in  the  history  of  beginnings  of  the  Fraternity  in  various 
parts  of  the  world.  It  is  more  than  likely  that  there  were  Freemasons 
among  the  Colonists,  at  least  from  1721  onward  and  before  any 
notice  of  Lodge  meetings  appeared  in  print.  We  do  know  that  the 
Province  of  New  York  was  mentioned  in  the  first  official  document 
emanating  from  the  Grand  Lodge  of  England.  The  patent  issued  to 
Daniel  Coxe  creating  him  Provincial  Grand  Master  for  New  York, 
New  Jersey  and  Pennsylvania,  states  in  so  many  words  that  there 
were  "Free  and  Accepted  Masons  residing  and  about  to  reside"  in 
these  Provinces,  and  that  several  of  them  had  joined  in  a  petition  to 
the  Duke  of  Norfolk,  Grand  Master  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  England, 
in  1730,  asking  him  "to  nominate  and  appoint  a  Provincial  Grand 
Master  of  the  said  Provinces." 

With  the  appointment  of  Colonel  Coxe  as  the  first  Provincial  Grand 
Master  to  be  "nominated,  ordained,  constituted  and  appointed"  for 
any  part  of  America,  begins  the  official  history  of  duly  constituted 
Freemasonry  in  the  New  World  in  general  and  the  Provinces  of  New 
York,  New  Jersey  and  Pennsylvania  in  particular,  however  disap- 
pointing the  extant  information  may  be  as  regards  results  traceable 
to  this  deputation.  And  yet,  while  we  cannot  tell  of  lodges  set  at 
work  and  Masonic  meetings  held,  we  have  abundant  reason,  as  Ameri- 
can freemen,  to  keep  in  grateful  veneration  the  name  of  our  first 
Grand  Master.  It  was  this  same  Daniel  Coxe  who  first  proposed,  in 
1727,  a  Union  of  the  British  Colonies  on  the  Continent  of  North 
America.  The  plan  he  advocated  was,  a  half  century  later,  revived 
and  adapted  to  new  conditions  by  Benjamin  Franklin,  another  Free- 
mason, and  became  the  groundwork  of  the  Constitution  of  the  United 
States  of  America.  Thus,  though  he  could  not  have  foreseen  the 
course  of  events,  Daniel  Coxe  helped  to  blaze  the  trail  for  the  estab- 
lishment of  the   Union  which  was   destined   to  achieve  independence 


Masonic  Beginnings  in  Colonial  New  York 

and  become  one  of  the  great  Powers  in  the  world.  As  his  share  in 
preparing  the  way  for  the  building  of  our  federal  Constitution  has 
been  accorded  little,  if  any,  consideration  by  the  historians  of  Amer- 
ica, I  may  be  pardoned  for  introducing  the  subject  here  somewhat 
more  fully  than  otherwise  would  be  justifiable. 

The  father  of  Colonel  Coxe  was  Dr.  Daniel  Coxe,  a  native  of  Lon- 
don, who  served  as  physician  to  Katherine  of  Portugal,  wife  of  King 
Charles  II,  and  later  to  Queen  Anne.  Some  time  between  these  royal 
appointments,  he  came  to  America  and  was  Governor  of  West  Jersey 
from  1687  to  1690.  King  James  II  granted  him  a  patent  making  him 
proprietor  of  that  vast  territory  then  known  as  the  Province  of 
Carolana  and  described  as  "extending  from  31  to  36  degrees  of  North 
Latitude  inclusive,  on  the  Continent  of  America  and  to  several  adja- 
cent islands." 
.  The  younger  Daniel — our  Daniel — was  born  in  America,  in  1673, 
and  appears  to  have  been  educated  in  England,  where  he  passed  the 
greater  part  of  his  life.  At  the  age  of  thirty,  he  was  made  Colonel 
of  the  military  forces  in  West  Jersey,  and,  two  years  later,  became  a 
member  of  the  Provincial  Council.  In  1716,  he  was  elected  Speaker 
of  the  Assembly.  The  next  year  we  find  him  in  London,  after  a  stay 
of  fourteen  years  in  America.  His  efforts  in  the  British  capital  were 
devoted  chiefly  to  the  writing  of  the  remarkable  book  which  forever 
establishes  his  claim  upon  the  interest  of  students  of  American  history. 
This  book  was  published  at  London,  in  1729,*  and  shortly  after  ap- 
peared in  a  French  translation  at  Paris.  Its  title  is  a  rather  lengthy 
one: 

A  Description  of  the  English  Province  of  Carolana, 

By  the  Spaniards  call'd   Florida,  and 

By  the  French  La  Louisiane. 

As  also  of  the  Great  and   Famous  River 
Meschacebe  or  Mississippi 

The  Five  vast  Navigable   Lakes  of  Fresh   Water, 

and  the  Parts  Adjacent. 

Together  with  an  Account  of  the  Commodities 

of  the  Growth  and  Production  of  the  said  Province. 

And  a  Preface  containing  some  Considerations  on 

the  French  making  Settlements  there. 

The  Preface  is  replete  with  interesting  historical  notes  and  keen 
observations  on  the  welfare  of  the  British  Colonists  in  America.  Coxe 
refers  to  his  "about  fourteen  years  residence  on  the  Continent  of 
America"  and  how  he  had  visited  a  number  of  the  Colonies,  particu- 
larly the  more  important  ones.     He  explains  that  there  are  "500,000 


*  There   may   have   been   an    earlier    edition,    as    some   writers   say   the   book   was   pub- 
lished   in    1716.      I    doubt   it.     The   copy    used   by    me   bears  the   imprint   of    1729. 

[38] 


,  Masonic  Beginnings  in  Colonial  New  York 


British  subjects  inhabiting  the  several  Colonies  on  the  East  Side  of 
the  Continent  of  North  America,  along  the  Sea  Shore,  from  the  Gulf 
of  St.  Lawrence  to  that  of  Florida,  all  contiguous  to  each  other", 
and  proposes  a  Union  of  these  Colonies  under  a  plan  of  government, 
which  in  its  essential  features  suggested  the  later  organization  of  the 
United  States.     The  "Expedient"  is  outlined  by  him,  as  follows: 

All  Colonies  appertaining  to  the  Crown  of  Great  Britain  on  the  Northern 
Continent  of  America  be  United  under  a  Legal,  Regular,  and  firm  Estab- 
lishment, over  which,  it's  proposed,  a  Lieutenant,  or  Supreme  Governour 
may  be  constituted  and  appointed  to  preside  on  the  Spot,  to  whom  the 
Governours  of  each  Colony  shall  be  subordinates. 

It  is  further  "humbly  proposed"  that 

Two  Deputies  shall  be  annually  elected  by  the  Council  and  the  Assembly 
of  each  Province  (Senators),  who  are  to  be  in  the  nature  of  a  Great  Coun- 
cil, or  General  Convention  of  the  Estates  of  the  Colonies;  and  by  the  Ort.er, 
Consent  or  Approbation  of  the  Lieutenant  or  Governour  General,  shall 
meet  together,  consult  and  advise  for  the  Good  of  the  whole,  settle  and 
appoint  particular  quota's  or  proportions  of  money,  men,  provisions,  &c, 
that  each  respective  government  is  to  raise,  for  their  mutual  defense  and 
safety,  as  well  as,  if  necessary,  for  Offence  and  Invasion  of  their  enemies; 
in  all  which  cases  the  Governour  General  or  Lieutenant  is  to  have  a  Nega- 
tive, but  not  to  enact  anything  without  their  concurrence,  or  that  of  the 
Majority   of   them. 

The  Quota  or  Proportion,  as  above  allotted  and  charg'd  on  each  Colony, 
may,  nevertheless,  be  levy'd  and  raised  by  its  own  Assembly,  in  such  man- 
ner, as  they  shall  judge  most  easy  and  convenient,  and  the  circumstances 
of  their  affairs  will  permit. 

Other  Jurisdictions,  Powers  and  Authorities,  respecting  the  Honor  of 
His  Majesty,  the  Interest  of  the  Plantations,  and  the  Liberty  and  Property 
of  the  Proprietors,  Traders,  Planters  and  Inhabitants  in  them,  may  be 
vested  in  and  cognizable  in  the  above  said  Governour  General  or  Lieu- 
tenant, and  Grand  Convention  of  the  Estates,  according  to  the  Laws  of 
England.  .  .  . 

A  Coalition  or  Union  of  this  nature,  temper'd  with  and  grounded  on 
Prudence,  Moderation  and  Justice,  and  a  generous  Incouragement  given  to 
the  Labour,  Industry  and  good  Management  of  all  sorts  and  conditions  of 
Persons  inhabiting,  or  anyways  concerned  or  interested  in  the  several 
Colonies  above  mentioned,  will  in  all  probability  lay  a  sure  and  lasting 
Foundation  of  Dominion,  Strength  and  Trade,  sufficient  not  only  to  secure 
and  promote  the  Prosperity  of  the  Plantations,  but  to  revive  and  greatly 
increase  the  late  Flourishing  Estate  and  Condition  of  Great  Britain. 

Coxe  refers  to  his  proposal  as  "being  general  and  submitted  with 
humility."    Considering  the  time  at  which  it  was  written,  the  measure 

[39  1 


Masonic  Beginnings  in  Colonial  New  York 

of  freedom  and  self-determination  accorded  to  the  Colonies  marks  a 
considerable  step  forward  toward  final  independence. 

Daniel  Coxe  returned  to  America  shortly  after  the  publication  of 
his  book,  as  is  clear  from  a  letter  written  by  him  from  Trenton,  New 
Jersey,  in  1728.  In  1730  he  was  again  in  London  looking  after  the 
settlement  of  his  extensive  property  claims.  He  was  fifty-seven  years 
of  age  when  he  was  appointed  Provincial  Grand  Master  by  the  Duke 
of  Norfolk,  then  Grand  Master  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  England.  The 
following  year  he  attended  a  meeting  of  the  Grand  Lodge  and  was 
there  toasted  as  "Provincial  Grand  Master  of  North  America."  He 
may  have  departed  for  America  before  the  close  of  1731.  It  is  not  at 
all  improbable  that  he  authorized  the  formation  of  Lodges  in  his 
Masonic  jurisdiction,  but  there  is  no  convincing  testimony  to  show 
that  he  did.  He  became  one  of  the  Justices  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  Province  of  New  Jersey,  in  1734,  and  continued  in  office  until  the 
day  of  his  death,  at  Trenton,  on  April  25th,  1739.  His  body  was  in- 
terred in  front  of  the  chancel  of  St.  Mary's  Church  (Anglican),  at 
Burlington,  New  Jersey. 

Benjamin  Franklin  published  in  his  paper  a  brief  notice  of  the 
death  of  Daniel  Coxe,  in  which  he  refers  to  this  distinguished  Ameri- 
can as  a  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court,  but  makes  no  mention  of  him 
as  a  Mason.  Franklin  quite  likely  had  never  heard  of  Coxe's  exalted 
official   station   in   the  craft. 

THE  COXE  DEPUTATION 

The  text  of  the  deputation  issued  to  Daniel  Coxe  by  the  Duke  of 
Norfolk  is  given  below  in  full,  as  it  was  the  first  document  of  its  kind 
ever  granting  official  authority  to  constitute  Masonic  lodges  in  any 
part  of  America: 

To  all  and  every  our  Right  Worshipful,  Worshipful,  and  loving  brethren 
now  residing  or  may  hereafter  reside  in  the  Provinces  of  New  York,  New 
Jersey  and  Pennsylvania,  His  Grace,  Thomas,  Duke  of  Norfolk,  Earl  Mar- 
shal and  Hereditary  Marshal  of  England,  Earl  of  Arundel,  Surry,  Norfolk 
and  Norwich,  Baron  Mowbray,  Howard  Segrave,  Brewse  of  Gower,  Fitz 
Allen,  Warren  Clau  Oswald,  estre  Maltravers  Graystock,  Furnival  Verdon, 
Lovelot,  Straugo  of  Blackmere,  and  Howard  of  Castle  Rising,  after  the 
Princess  of  the  Royal  Blood,  first  Duke  Earl  and  Baron  of  England,  Chief 
of  the  illustrious  family  of  Howards,  Grand  Master  of  the  Free  and 
Accepted  Masons  of  England, 

Sendeth  Greeting: 
Whereas,  application  has  been  made  unto  us  by  our  Rt.  Worshipful  and 
well  heloved  Brother,  Daniel  Coxe,  of  New  Jersey,  Esq'r.,  and  by  several, 
other  brethren,  free  and  accepted  Masons,  residing  and  about  to  reside  in 
the  said  Provinces  of  New  York,  New  Jersey  and  Pennsylvania,  that  we 
should  be  pleased  to  nominate  and  appoint  a  Provincial  Grand   Master  of 

[40] 


Masonic  Beginnings  in  Colonial  New  York 


the  said  Provinces:  Now  Know  Ye,  that  we  have  nominated,  ordained, 
constituted,  and  appointed  and  do  by  these  Presents,  nominate,  ordain, 
constitute,  and  appoint,  our  Right  Worshipful  and  well  beloved  Brother, 
the  said  Daniel  Coxe,  Provincial  Grand  Master  of  the  said  Provinces  of 
New  York,  New  Jersey,  and  Pensilvania,  with  full  Power  and  Authority 
to  nominate  and  appoint  his  Dep.  Grand  Master  and  Grand  Wardens,  for 
the  space  of  two  years  from  the  feast  of  St.  John  the  Baptist,  now  next 
ensuing,  after  which  time  it  is  our  Will  and  Pleasure,  and  we  do  hereby 
ordain  that  the  brethren  who  do  now  reside,  or  may  hereafter  reside,  in 
all  or  any  of  the  said  Provinces,  shall  and  they  are  hereby  empowered 
every  other  year  on  the  feast  of  St.  John  the  Baptist  to  elect  a  Provincial 
Grand  Master,  who  shall  have  the  power  of  nominating  and  appointing 
his  Dep.  Grand  Master  and  Grand  Wardens. 

And  we  do  hereby  empower  our  said  Provincial  Grand  Master,  and  the 
Grand  Master,  Deputy  Grand  Master  and  Grand  Wardens  for  the  time 
being,  for  us  and  in  our  place  and  stead  constitute  the  Brethren  (free  and 
accepted  Masons)  now  residing,  or  who  shall  hereafter  reside  in  those  parts 
into  one  or  more  regular  Lodge  or  Lodges,  as  he  shall  think  fit,  and  as 
often  as  occasion  shall   require, — 

He,  the  said  Daniel  Coxe,  and  t he  Provincial  Grand  Master,  Deputy 
Grand  Master  and  Grand  Wardens,  for  the  time  being,  taking  special  care 
that  all  and  every  member  of  any  Lodge  or  Lodges  so  to  be  constituted 
have  or  shall  be  made  regular  Masons,  and  that  they  do  cause  all  and 
every  the  Regulations  contained  in  the  printed  Book  of  Constitutions,  except 
so  far  as  they  have  been  altered  by  the  Grand  Lodge  at  their  Quarterly 
Meetings,  to  be  kept  and  observed,  and  also  all  such  other  Rules  and  In- 
structions as  shall  from  time  to  time  be  transmitted  to  him  or  them  by 
us,  or  Nath'l.  Blackerlv.  Esq'r.,  our  Deputy  Grand  Master,  or  the  Grand 
Master  or  his  Deputy  for  the  time  being, — 

And  that  he,  the  said  Daniel  Coxe.  our  Provincial  Grand  Master  of  the 
said  Provinces,  and  the  Provincial  (.rand  Master  for  the  time  being,  or  his 
Deputy,  do  send  to  us  or  our  Deputy  Grand  Master,  and  to  the  Grand 
Master  of  England  or  his  Deputy  for  the  time  being,  annually  an  account 
in  writing  of  the  number  of  Lodges  so  constituted,  with  the  names  of  the 
several  members  of  each  particular  Lodge,  together  with  such  other  matters 
and  things  as  he  or  they  shall  think  fit  to  be  communicated  for  the  benefit 
of  the  Craft. 

And  lastly  we  will  and  require  that  our  said  Provincial  Grand  Master, 
and  the  Grand  Master,  for  the  time  being,  or  his  Deputy,  do  annually 
cause  the  Brethren  to  keep  the  feast  of  St.  John  the  Evangelist,  and  dine 
together  on  that  day,  or  (in  case  any  accident  should  happen  to  prevent 
their  dining  together  on  that  day)  on  any  other  day  near  that  time,  as 
the  Provincial  Grand  Master  for  the  time  being  shall  judge  most  fit,  as  is 
done  here,  and  at  that  time  more  particularly,  and  at  all  Quarterly  Com- 
munications he  do  recommend  a  Genera]  Charity,  to  be  established  for  the 
relief  of  poor  brethren  of  the  said   Province. 

Given   under   our   hand   and    seal   of   office,   at   London,   this   fifth   day   of 

June,   1730,  and  of  Masonry,  5730.  ,.T  ,,    „ 

•'  Norfolk,  (!.  M, 


[41 


Masonic  Beginnings  in  Colonial  New  York 

RICHARD  RIGGS  AND  FRANCIS  GOELET 

Captain  Richard  Riggs  was  appointed  Provincial  Grand  Master  for 
New  York,  on  November  15th,  1737,  by  the  Earl  of  Darnley,  Grand 
Master  of  England.  A  notice  of  his  arrival  in  New  York  was  an- 
nounced in  the  New  York  Gazette  of  May  21st,  1738.  Before  his 
coming  and  during  his  term  of  office  there  appeared  in  the  New  York 
City  papers  several  items  relating  to  Masonry  and  Masons.  It  is 
certain  that  a  duly  constituted  Lodge  was  at  work  in  1738.  Whether 
it  was  formed  by  Captain  Riggs,  or  whether  it  was  in  existence  before 
his  appointment  as  Provincial  Grand  Master,  is  not  known.  Indeed, 
there  appears  to  be  no  reliable  information  as  to  anything  that  was 
done  by  him,  neither  have  I  been  able  to  find  any  biographical  notices 
concerning  the  man  himself. 

Captain  Riggs  had  returned  to  England  in  or  before  1751.  During 
this  year,  Lord  Byron,  Grand  Master  of  England,  appointed  Thomas 
Goelet  to  succeed  him.  Nothing  beyond  this  bare  record  can  be  told 
about  the  third  Provincial  Grand  Master  of  New  York. 

NEWSPAPER  ITEMS 

Fortunately  we  are  not  left  altogether  in  the  dark  regarding  Ma- 
sonic developments  during  the  period  covered  by  the  Coxe,  Riggs  and 
Goelet  deputations.  The  newspapers  of  the  period  supply  a  few  items 
which  suggest  that  Masons  were  at  work  in  the  Province  and  held 
meetings  from  time  to  time.  No  one  appears  to  have  taken  the 
trouble  to  make  a  close  search  for  references  to  Masonry  contained 
in  the  various  periodicals  of  the  Province.  The  few  meagre  notices 
handed  down  do  not  reveal  that  any  widespread  interest  was  attached 
to  the  doings  of  the  early  Brethren. 

On  November  26th,  1737,  the  New  York  Gazette  printed  a  "letter 
to  the  editor,"  in  which  the  writer  warned  the  colonists  that  "a 
Society  called  Freemasons"  had  appeared  in  Great  Britain  and  had 
"at  last  extended  to  these  parts  of  America."  As  the  newspapers  of 
Philadelphia  and  Boston  had  been  running  considerable  news  matter 
about  Masonic  affairs,  for  some  years,  and  Benjamin  Franklin  had 
gotten  out  a  reprint  of  the  Book  of  Constitutions  of  1723,  which  must 
have  been  known  to  the  newspaper  publishers  in  New  York,  the 
Gazette  story  of  1737  does  not  necessarily  imply  that  there  were 
Lodges  in  the  Province  engrossing  the  interest  of  the  general  public. 
The  "letter  to  the  editor"  reads  as  follows: 

Mr.  Bradford:  There  being  a  new  and  unusual  sect  or  Society  of  Per- 
sons of  late  appeared  in  our  native  Country,  and  from  thence  spread  into 
some  other  Kingdoms  and  Common  Wealths,  and  at  last  has  extended  to 
these  parts  of  America,  their  Principle,   Practices  and  Designs  not  being 

[42] 


Masonic  Beginnings  in  Colonial  New  York 


known,  nor  by  them  published  to  the  World,  has  been  the  reason  that  in 
Holland,  France,  Italy  and  other  Places  they  have  been  supprest.  All 
other  societies  that  have  appeared  in  the  World  have  published  their 
Principles  and  Practices,  and  when  they  meet  set  open  their  Meeting-house 
Doors,  for  all  that  will  come  in  and  see  and  hear  them,  but  this  Society 
called  FREE  MASONS,  meet  with  their  Doors  shut,  and  a  Guard  at  the 
outside  to  prevent  any  approach  near  to  hear  or  see  what  they  are  doing. 
And  as  they  do  not  publish  their  Principles  or  Practices,  so  they  oblige 
all  their  Proselytes  to  keep  them  secret,  as  may  appear  by  the  severe  Oath 
they  are  obliged  to  take  at  their  first  admittance.  Which  Oath  is  as 
follows,  viz.: 

"I,  A.  B.,  Hereby  solemnly  Vow  and  Swear  in  the  Presence  of  Almighty 
God,  and  this  Right  Worshipful  Assembly,  that  1  will  Hail  and  Conceal  and 
never  Reveal  the  Secrets  or  Secrecy  of  Masons  or  Masonry,  that  shall  be 
revealed  unto  me;  unless  to  a  true  and  Lawful  Brother,  after  due  Examina- 
tion, or  in  a  just  and  Worshipful  Lodge  of  Brothers  and  Fellows  well  met. 

"I  further  more  Promise  and  Vow,  That  I  will  not  Write  them,  Print 
them,  Mark  them,  Carve  them,  or  Engrave  them,  or  cause  them  to  be 
Written,  Printed,  Marked,  Carved,  or  Engraved  on  Wood  or  Stone,  so  as 
the  Visible  Character  or  Impression  of  a  Letter  may  appear,  whereby  it 
may  be  unlawfully  obtained. 

"All  this  under  no  less  Penalty  than  to  have  my  Throat  cut,  my  Tongue 
taken  from  the  Roof  of  my  Mouth,  my  Heart  pluck'd  from  under  my  left 
Breast,  then  to  be  buried  in  the  Sands  of  the  Sea,  the  Length  of  a  (able 
Rope  from  Shore  where  the  Tide  ebbs  and  flows  twice  in  24  Hours,  my 
Body  to  be  burnt  to  Ashes  and  be  scatter'd  upon  the  Face  of  the  Earth, 
so  that  there  shall  be  no  more  Remembrance  of  me  among  Masons.  So 
help  me  God!" 

If  any  duly  constituted  Lodge  existed  in  New  York  at  that  time 
(1731) ,  all  traces  of  it  are  lost.  As  the  letter  writer  views  with  alarm 
the  extension  of  the  Fraternity  "to  these  parts  of  America,"  we  may 
assume  that  Masonic  meetings  were  beginning  to  attract  notice  in 
Little  Old  New  York,  and  that  somebody  felt  the  urge  to  call  out 
from  his  watch-tower,  "From  these  snares  of  the  Devil,  0  Lord, 
deliver  us!" 

On  June  26th,  1738,  the  Gazette  published  "A  Song  for  the  Free 
Masons,"  followed  by  "A  Parody  of  the  Same  Verses  for  the  ladies," 
with  quips  which  were  probably  considered  quite  clever  in  their 
day,  but  the  humor  of  which  has  lost  its  flavor  since.  The  only  historic 
value  they  have  is  that  they  suggest  pretty  plainly  that  by  this  time 
meetings  of  the  Fraternity  were  well  under  way. 

The  first  public  announcement  of  a  Lodge  called  "by  order  of  the 
Grand  Master,"  appeared  in  the  Gazette  of  January  22d,  1739,  and 
read  as  follows: 

Brethren  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Society  of  Free  and  Accepted 
Masons   are  desired  to  take  notice  that  the   Lodge  for   the  future  will  be 


[43] 


Masonic  Beginnings  in  Colonial  New  York 

held  at  the  Montgomerie  Arms  Tavern  on  the  first  and  third  Wednesdays 
<if  every  month.     By  order  of  the  Grand  Master. 

Charles  Wood,  Secretary. 

Captain  Riggs,  Provincial  Grand  Master,  had  landed  in  New  York, 
in  May,  1738.  So  he  was  no  doubt  the  Grand  Master  referred  to. 
The  announcement  implies  that  the  Lodge  had  been  at  work  for  some 
time,  yet  it  is  the  first  known  record  of  a  duly  authorized  assembly 
of  the  kind. 

The  next  notice  appeared  in  the  form  of  an  advertisement  in  the 
Gazette  of  September  24th,  1739: 

All  members  of  the  Lodge  of  Free  and  Accepted  Masons  are  desired  to 
meet  on  Wednesday  next,  the  twenty-ninth  inst.,  at  the  Montgomerie 
Tavern,  in  the  (  ity  of  New  York,  at  six  o'clock  in  the  afternoon.  By  order 
of  the  Grand  Master. 

Charles  Wood,  Secretary. 

The  Provincial  Grand  Master  who  succeeded  Francis  Goelet  was 
George  Harison  (spelled  with  one  r  by  himself,  and  he  ought  to  know 
best).  His  activities  extended  over  a  period  of  almost  eighteen  years 
and  produced  results  which  have  survived  to  this  day.  Of  him  and 
his  successor  in  office,  Sir  John  Johnson,  the  fifth  and  last  Provincial 
Grand  Master  appointed  for  the  Province  of  New  York  by  a  Grand 
Master  of  the  premier  Grand  Lodge  of  England,  we  shall  speak  in 
the  next  chapter. 

ESTABLISHMENT    OF    DULY    ORGANIZED    MASONRY    IN    THE 
PROVINCE    OF    NEW    YORK 

1753  to  1781 

George  Harison,  Esquire,  was  appointed  Provincial  Grand  Master 
of  New  York,  on  June  9th,  1753,  by  Lord  Carysfort,  Grand  Master 
of  the  Grand  Lodge.  Harison  was  evidently  resolved  from  the  start 
to  be  of  real  service  to  the  Fraternity.  He  infused  new  life  in  the 
Provincial  Grand  Lodge  and  stirred  the  craft  into  action.  In  order 
to  impress  upon  the  Brethren  the  dignity  of  the  undertaking,  he 
called  a  meeting  of  the  Grand  Lodge  for  the  organization  of  prepara- 
tions for  a  fitting  installation.  An  advertisement  was  inserted  in  the 
New  York  Mercury  of  November  19th,  1753,  reading  as  follows: 

The  members  of  the  Provincial  Grand  Lodge  of  Free  and  Accepted 
Masons  in  New  York,  are  desired  to  meet  at  the  Kings  Arms  Tavern,  on 
Wednesday,  the  19th  day  of  December,  on  business  of  importance.  By 
order  of  the  Grand  Master. 

H.  Gaine,  Secretary. 

[44  1 


Masonic  Beginnings  in  Colonial  New  York 


The  installation  and  proclamation  ceremony  took  place  on  the 
festival  of  St.  John  the  Evangelist,  in  December.  The  Grand  Lodge 
then  walked  in  solemn  procession  to  Trinity  Church  for  Divine  Service. 
The  Mercury  of  December  31st,  1753,  published  the  following  most 
interesting  report  of  the  proceedings  of  the  day: 

On  Thursday  last  at  a  Grand  Lodge  of  the  Ancient  and  Worshipful 
Fraternity  of  Free  and  Accepted  Masons,  a  Commission  from  the  Hon- 
orable John  Proby,  Baron  of  Craysfort,  in  the  Kingdom  of  Ireland,  Grand 
Master  of  England,  appointed  George  Harison,  Esquire,  to  be  Provincial 
Grand  Master,  was  solemnly  published,  we  hear,  to  the  universal  satisfac- 
tion of  all  the  brethren  present,  after  which,  it)  being  the  festival  of  St. 
John  the  Evangelist,  service  at  Trinity  Church.  The  order  to  which  they 
proceeded  was  as  follows:  First  walked  the  Sword  Bearer,  carrying  a 
drawn  sword ;  then  four  stewards  with  White  Maces,  followed  by  the 
Treasurer  and  Secretary,  who  bore  each  a  crimson  damask  cushion,  on 
which  lay  a  gilt  Bible,  and  the  Book  of  Constitution;  after  these  came 
the  Grand  Wardens  and  Wardens;  then  came  the  Grand  Master  himself, 
bearing  a  trunchion  and  other  badges  of  his  office,  followed  by  the  rest  of 
the  brotherhood,  according  to  their  respective  ranks — Masters,  Fellow 
Crafts  and  'Prentices,  to  about  the  number  of  Fifty,  all  clothed  with  their 
jewels,  aprons,  white  gloves  and  stockings.  The  whole  ceremony  was  con- 
ducted with  utmost  decorum,  under  a  discharge  of  guns  from  some  vessels 
in  the  harbor,  and  made  a  genteel  appearance.  We  hear  they  afterwards 
conferred  a  generous  donation  of  fifteen  pounds  from  the  public  stock  of 
the  Society  to  be  expended  in  clothing  for  the  poor  children  belonging  to 
our  charity  school;  and  made  a  handsome  private  contribution  for  the 
relief  of  indigent  prisoners.  In  the  evening,  by  the  particular  request  of 
the  brethren,  a  comedy,  called  "The  Conscious  Lovers,"  was  presented  in 
the  Theatre  in  Nassau  Street  to  a  very  crowded  audience.  Several  pieces 
of,  vocal  music,  in  praise  of  the  Fraternity,  were  performed  between  the 
acts.  An  epilogue  suitable  to  the  occasion,  was  pronounced  by  Mrs.  Hallam, 
with  all  grace  of  gesture,  and  propriety  of  execution,  and  met  with  universal 
and  loud  applause. 

Query:  Whether  the  performance  of  public  and  private  acts  of  benefi- 
cence, such  as  feeding  the  hungry  and  clothing  the  naked,  be  most  corre- 
spondent to  the  Genius  of  Christianity,  or  to  the  Institution  of  the  Prince 
of  Darkness? 

The  editorial  postscript  "query"  was  intended  no  doubt  to  confound 
the  detractors  of  the  craft  and  to  appease  public  opinion. 

Notices  of  individual  Lodges  now  began  to  multiply.  The  Mer- 
cury of  December  23d,  1758,  announces  a  celebration  of  "the  festival 
of  St.  John,"  to  be  held  by  Temple  Lodge,  at  Fountain  Tavern.  Nine 
years  later  the  same  paper  speaks  of  a  like  celebration  planned  by 
"the  brethren  composing  St.  John's,  Trinity,  Union  and  King  Solo- 
mon's Lodges."  On  January  2d,  1768,  we  read  that  the  festival  was 
celebrated  at  Trinity   Church  by  several  other  Lodges,  among  them 

[45] 


Masonic  Beginnings  in  Colonial  New  York 

Hiram  Lodge,  which  on  that  occasion  "contributed  alone  one  hundred 
pounds"  for  poor  relief. 

Grand  Master  Harison  labored  with  untiring  zeal  and  exceptional 
ability  for  the  extension  of  Freemasonry  in  the  Province  of  New 
York.  Several  of  the  Lodges  which  he  warranted  have  continued  to 
this  day.  If  he  could  have  remained  in  office  until  the  breaking  out 
of  the  War  for  American  Independence,  the  Grand  Lodge  of  the  State 
of  New  York  might  now  be  tracing  its  origin  to  a  warrant  from  the 
premier  Grand  Lodge  of  England  and  be  the  oldest  duly  constituted 
Grand  Lodge  in  the  Western  Hemisphere. 

SIR   JOHN    JOHNSON,    LAST    PROVINCIAL   GRAND    MASTER 

Grand  Master  Harison's  successor  in  office  was  Sir  John  Johnson, 
son  of  Sir  William,  the  distinguished  diplomat.  The  deputation  was 
issued  to  him  by  Lord  Blaney,  Grand  Master  of  England,  in  1767, 
but  Sir  John  was  not  formally  installed  as  Grand  Master  until  1771. 
The  first  and  only  stationary  Lodge  warranted  by  him  was  St. 
George's,  No.  1,  at  Schenectady,  on  September  14th,  1774,  after  it 
had  been  working  under  a  dispensation  from  him  since  June  21st  of 
that  year. 

The  struggle  for  independence  being  rife,  and  Sir  John  being  a 
Tory  of  the  Tories,  he  appointed  Dr.  Peter  Middleton,  Deputy  Grand 
Master,  and  devoted  his  energies  to  the  Royalist  cause.  Dr.  Middleton 
issued  a  warrant  to  St.  John's  Regimental,  No.  1,  composed  of  brethren 
belonging  to  the  Colonial  army.  At  the  close  of  the  war  this  warrant 
turned  up  at  Clark's  Town  in  possession  of  some  brethren  located 
there.  The  Deputy  Grand  Master  also  issued  a  wan-ant,  in  1776, 
to  Military  Union  Lodge,  No.  1,  composed  of  brethren  of  the  Colonial 
army  who  had  come  from  Boston. 

EARLIEST    DULY    CONSTITUTED    LODGES    IN    NEW    YORK    CITY 


Nothing  definite  is  known  of  the  earliest  Lodges  constituted  in 
New  York  City,  before  1757.  The  quoted  newspaper  report  of  the 
installation  of  George  Harison  as  Provincial  Grand  Master,  in  1753, 
makes  no  mention  of  the  participating  Lodges,  but  tells  only  that 
about  fifty  "Masons,  Fellow  Craft  and  'Prentices"  marched  in  public 
procession  to  old  Trinity  Church. 

In  1758,  the  New  York  Mercury  printed  a  notice,  on  December  23d, 
announcing  that  Temple  Lodge  would  celebrate  St.  John  Evangelist 
Day. 

Nine  years  later,  the  same  paper  named  St.  John's,  No.  2,  Trinity, 
Union,  King  Solomon's  and  Hiram  Lodges  as  having  been  represented 

[46] 


Masonic  Beginnings  in  Colonial  New  York 


at  the  annual  celebration.     The  only  one  of  these  Lodges  surviving 
to  this  day  is  St.  John's,  No.  2,  now  No.  1  on  the  Grand  Lodge  register. 

ST.  JOHN'S    LODGE,   NO.   2 

The  original  warrant  of  St.  John's  Lodge,  No.  2,  was  surrendered 
to  the  Atholl  Provincial  Grand  Lodge  which  was  formed  in  1781,  and 
is  no  loHger  in  existence.  It  was  issued  by  George  Harison  and  bore 
the  date  of  December  7th,  1757.  As  the  name  of  the  Lodge  was  given 
as  St.  John's,  No.  2,  it  is  fair  to  assume  that  there  was  a  No.  1  of 
an  earlier  date.  The  history  of  the  Lodge  is  a  most  interesting  one 
and  might  well  form  the  subject  of  a  separate  chapter.  As  we  are, 
however,  concerned  only  with  the  general  history  of  Masonry  in  the 
Province  and  State  of  New  York,  we  must  forego  the  temptation  of 
entering  upon  a  detailed  account.  Much  that  relates  to  St.  John's, 
as,  for  example,  its  treasured  Washington  Bible  on  which  the  first 
President  of  the  United  States  took  his  inaugural  oath  of  office,  will 
appear  in  succeeding  chapters.  The  principal  point  to  be  fixed  here 
is  merely  that  No.  2  is  really  No.  1,  the  oldest  surviving  Lodge  in 
the  City  and  State  of  New  York. 

UNION  LODGE 

The  date  of  the  institution  of  Union  Lodge  of  New  York  City  is 
not  known.  It  existed  in  1767  and  was  warranted  by  George  Harison, 
probably  several  years  before.  Robert  P.  Livingston,  who  became 
the  first  Grand  Master  of  the  State  of  New  York,  was  Master  of 
Union  Lodge,  in  1771,  when  he  was  twenty-five  years  old,  for,  as  we 
shall  see  further  on,  on  April  18th  of  this  year  he  constituted  Solo- 
mon's Lodge,  No.  1,  at  Poughkeepsie,  as  acting  Grand  Master  by 
authority  of  Provincial  Grand  Master  Harison.  Union  was  active  for 
a  number  of  years.  During  the  Revolution  it  appears  to  have  sus- 
pended labor,  New  York  City  then  being  occupied  by  the  British  and 
the  Lodge  almost  to  a  man  having  espoused  the  cause  of  Independence. 
After  the  close  of  the  war,  the  Lodge  was  given  a  new  warrant  by 
the  Atholl  Provincial  Grand  Lodge  and  became  Union,  No.  8.  Of 
its  later  fortunes  no  information  has  been  found. 

TEMPLE,   TRINITY,   AND   HIRAM 

Temple,  Trinity,  and  Hiram  Lodges  of  New  York  City  have  left 
no  record  behind  them.  It  is  more  than  likely  that  by  amalgamations 
and  changes  of  many  sorts  they  lost  their  original  identity,  and  the 
course  of  events  which  wrought  the  transmutations  is  not  now  dis- 
cernible. The  Lodges  formed  under  the  auspices  of  the  premier  Grand 
Lodge  of   England,  as   far   as   New  York   is   concerned,  were   all   of 

[47] 


Masonic  Beginnings  in   Colonial  New  York 

them  composed  of  American  patriots,  and  this  may  explain  the  dis- 
appearance of  the  City  Lodges,  after  the  British  took  possession  in 
1776.  They  helped  to  disseminate  sound  Masonic  principles  and  prac- 
tices and  contributed  liberally  to  the  relief  of  the  distressed.  That 
much  we  can  gather  from  the  scant  notices  we  have  of  them.  Thus, 
for  example,  the  New  York  Gazette  and  the  Weekly  Mercury,  of 
January  2d,  1768,  suggest  somewhat  of  the  spirit  animating  the 
Lodges,  in  this  brief  notice: 

On  Tuesday  last  being  St.  John's  Day,  by  desire  of  His  Excellency,  Sir 
Heary  Moore,  a  Charity  sermon  was  preached  at  Trinity  Church,  in  this 
city.  The  Rev.  Dr.  Auchmuty,  Hector  of  Trinity,  delivered  a  most  excellent 
discourse  upon  the  occasion,  to  a  polite  and  numerous  audience.  Several 
Lodges  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Society  of  Free  and  Accepted  Masons, 
properly  decorated,  attended  divine  worship.  The  collection  was  very 
considerable,  the  Members  of  the  Hiram  Lodge  alone  having  contributed 
one  hundred  pounds — a  considerahle  relief  at  tins  inclement  season  to  the 
poor  of  this  C  ity,  many  of  whom  have  been  in  t he  greatest  distress. 


KING  SOLOMON'S  LODGE,  NO.   7 

Another  of  the  Lodges  named  as  taking  part  in  the  St.  John's  Day 
celebration,  in  December,  1767,  is  King  Solomon's.  It  appears  to 
have  been  very  active  and  to  have  enjoyed  considerable  popularity. 
My  reason  for  mentioning  it  separately  is  because  there  is  in  existence 
a  certificate  issued  in  1767,  which  affords  a  glimpse  of  the  importance 
attached  to  Masonic  regularity.     It  reads  as  follows: 

"And  the  darkness  comprehended  it  not."' 

In  the  East  a  place  full  of  light  where  reigns  reason,  silence  and  peace, 
We,  the  subscribers.  Master,  Wardens,  Treasurer  and  Secretary,  of  King 
Solomon's  Lodge  No.  7,  of  Free  and  Accepted  Masons  of  the  Register  of 
New  York,  granted  to  us  by  a  dispensation  of  Great  Britain  to  George 
Harison,  esq.,  Grand  Master  of  this  Province,  dedicated  to  St.  John. 
Adorned  with  all  their  honors  and  regularities  assembled  in  Lodge  in  due 
form,  do  declare,  certify  and  attest,  to  all  men,  lighten'd  and  spread  on  the 
face  of  the  earth.  The  bearer  hereof,  our  well  beloved  Brother  John 
Ledsam,  hath  been  received  by  us  an  entered  apprentice  and  Fellow  Craft; 
and  after  have  sustained  with  strength,  firmness  and  courage,  the  most 
painful  works  and  secret  trials,  we  have  raised  and  given  unto  bun  the 
sublime  degree  of  a  master,  and  have  admitted  and  initiated  him  into  the 
mysterious  and  most  secret  works  of  the  Free  and  accepted  Masons.  And 
may  without  demur  or  hesitation,  be  incorporated  into  any  community 
where  ever  met,  congregated  or  convened.  He  having  strenuously  to  the 
utmost  of  his  ability,  supported  and  contributed  to  the  advancement  and 
interest  of  Masonry  with  zeal  and  vigor. 

[48] 


Masonic  Beginnings  in   Colonial  New   York 


Given  under  our  hands  and  seal  in  our  Lodge  at  New  York,  this  ninth 
day  of  July,  in  the  year  of  Masonry  57<>7.  and  of  Salvation  1767. 

Hexky  Van  de  Ham,  .1/. 
E.  J.  Pryor,  8.  W. 
John  Bessonet,  J.  W. 
John  King,  Treas'r. 
John  Ledsam,  Sect'y. 
(Seal) 

INDEPENDENT    ROYAL   ARCH,   NO.    8 

A  Lodge  which  is  not  mentioned  in  the  published  reports  of  St. 
John's  Day  celebrations,  during  the  period  of  George  Harison's  Grand 
Mastership,  but  which,  nevertheless,  dates  its  constitution  from  De- 
cember 15th,  1760,  is  Independent  Royal  Arch,  No.  8  (now  No.  2). 
Its  warrant,  granted  by  George  Harison,  was  evidently  attested  in  a 
manner  sufficiently  convincing  to  compel  the  Grand  Lodge  of  the 
State  of  New  York,  in  1789,  to  accredit  it  officially  as  the  second 
oldest  Lodge  in  New  York  City. 

KING  DAVID'S  LODGE 

On  February  17th,  1769,  Harison  issued  a  warrant  for  the  con- 
stitution of  King  David's  Lodge,  in  New  York  City.  This  Lodge 
appears  to  have  been  composed  entirely  of  Jewish  Brethren.  Moses 
M.  Hays  was  the  first  Master.  About  ten  years  later,  the  warrant 
was  transferred  to  Newport,  Rhode  Island,  where  the  Lodge  con- 
tinued to  work  under  its  name  of  King  David's  for  a  number  of  years 
and  then  was  heard  of  no  more.  It  was  not  among  the  Lodges  which 
formed  the  Grand  Lodge  of  the  State  of  Rhode  Island,  on  June  25th, 
1791,  but  may  have  lived  on  for  some  time  beyond  that  year. 

On  August  17th,  1790,  King  David's  welcomed  George  Washington 
to  Rhode  Island  in  a  Masonic  address  which  elicited  the  following 
reply: 

To  the  Master,  Wardens,  and  Brethren  of  Kim/  David's  Lodge  in  Xeirport, 
Rhode  Island  : 

Gentlemen — I  receive  the  welcome  which  you  give  me  to  Rhode  Island 
witli  pleasure;  and  1  acknowledge  inv  obligations  for  the  nattering  expres- 
sions of  regard  contained  in  your  address  with  grateful  sincerity.  Being 
persuaded  that  a  just  application  of  the  principles  on  which  the  Masonic 
fraternity  is  founded,  must  he  productive  of  private  virtue  and  public  pros- 
perity, I  shall  always  he  happy  to  advance  the  interests  of  the  society,  and 
to  be  considered  by  them  as  a  deserving  brother.  My  best  wishes,  gentle- 
men, are  offered  for  your  individual   happiness. 

Go  Washington. 

[49] 


Masonic  Beginnings  in  Colonial  New  York 

The  letter  bears  the  same  date  as  that  of  the  address  of  welcome 
and  reveals  what  high  regard  Washington  accorded  to  the  Masonic 
Fraternity. 

OTHER    LODGES 

There  may  have  been  other  Lodges  in  the  City  of  New  York,  work- 
ing under  lawful  warrants.  If  so,  we  know  nothing  about  them. 
Only  two  of  the  city  Lodges  warranted  by  George  Harison  have  sur- 
vived to  this  day;  they  are  St.  John's,  No.  1,  and  Independent  Royal 
Arch,  No.  2. 

EARLIEST    DULY    CONSTITUTED    LODGES    OUTSIDE     OF    NEW    YORK 
CITY,  1758,  TO  THE  BEGINNING  OF  THE  REVOLUTION 

The  records  of  the  Lodges  constituted  in  the  State,  above  the 
Harlem  River,  are  far  more  satisfying  than  those  of  the  Lodges  in 
the  City  of  New  York.  Moreover,  while  of  the  City  Lodges  only  two 
have  survived  to  this  day,  at  least  four  of  the  up-State  Lodges  can 
trace  their  history  back  to  the  time  before  the  Declaration  of  Inde- 
pendence. Of  the  former,  we  have  St.  John,  No.  1,  and  Independent 
Royal  Arch,  No.  2 ;  of  the  latter  we  have  Mount  Vernon,  No.  3,  which 
was  Union,  No.  1,  in  Colonial  days,  St.  Patrick's,  No.  4,  Masters',  No. 
5,  and  St.  George's,  No.  6.  Mount  Vernon  and  Masters'  are  located 
at  Albany;  St.  Patrick's,  at  Johnstown;  St.  George's,  at  Schenectady. 

UNION    NO.    1,  NOW   MOUNT  VERNON   LODGE   NO.   3 

The  Oldest  Lodge,  outside  of  New  York  City,  was  organized  at 
Albany,  in  1759,  under  a  copy  of  the  charter  of  Lodge  No.  74,  issued 
by  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Ireland,  in  1737,  to  brethren  of  the  Second 
Battalion  1st  Royals  (now  Royal  Scots),  First  Regiment  of  Foot 
Guards  (Infantry).  After  leaving  Great  Britain  and  serving  for 
a  time  in  Nova  Scotia,  the  Battalion  had  been  sent  to  Albany  and  was 
located  there  during  the  years  of  1758  and  1759.  The  officers,  accord- 
ing to  the  "Albany  Hand  Book,"  were  "scholars  and  gentlemen"  and 
"brought  with  them,  and  kept  up,  a  large  and  valuable  library  of 
rare  books,"  which  they  left  to  the  city  when  the  battalion  was  ordered 
away  in  1759.  No.  74  initiated  many  prominent  citizens  of  the  town 
into  its  mysteries.  When  the  command  was  ordered  to  a  new  field 
of  duty,  the  officers  of  the  Lodge,  following  a  custom  of  the  time, 
left  behind  them  a  copy  of  their  Irish  warrant  to  enable  the  local 
brethren  to  continue  their  Masonic  meetings.  The  copy  was  endorsed 
as  follows: 

We,  the  Master,  Wardens  and  Brethren  of  a  Lodge  of  Free  and  Accepted 
Masons,  No.  74,  Registry  of  Ireland,  held   in   the  second   Battalion   Royal, 

[50] 


Masonic  Beginnings  in  Colonial  New  York 

adorned  with  all  the  honors,  and  assembled  in  due  form.  Do  hereby  declare, 
eertify  and  attest,  that  Whereas,  our  body  is  very  numerous  by  the  addi- 
tion of  many  new  members,  merchants  and  inhabitants  of  the  city  of 
Albany,  they  having  earnestly  requested  and  besought  us  to  enable  them 
to  hold  a  Lodge  during  our  absence  from  them  and  we  knowing  them  to 
be  men  of  undoubted  reputation  and  men  of  skill  and  ability  in  Masonry, 
and  desirous  to  promote  the  welfare  of  the  Craft:  We  have,  therefore  by 
unanimous  consent  and  agreement,  given  them  an  exact  true  copy  of  our 
Warrant  as  above,  and  have  properly  installed  Mr.  Richard  Cartright. 
Mr.  Henry  Bostwick  and  Mr.  Win,  Ferguson,  as  Assistant  Master  and 
Wardens  of  our  body,  allowing  them  to  set  and  act  during  our  absence,  or 
until  they,  by  our  assistance,  can  procure  a  separate  WARRANT  for 
themselves  from  the  GRAND  LODGE  IN  IRELAND. 

Given  under  our  hands  and  seal  of  our  Lodge  in  the  City  of  Albany, 
the  eleventh  day  of  April,  in  the  year  of  MASONRY,  5759,  and  in  the  year 
of  our  LORD  GOD   1759. 

John  Steadman,  Secretary. 
Anias  Sutherland,  Master. 
Charles  Caldeb,  Senior  Warden. 
Thomas  Parker,  Junior  Warden. 

The  Lodge  continued  to  work  under  the  copied  warrant  until  Feb- 
ruary 21,  1765,  when  it  was  granted  a  charter  as  Union  Lodge  No. 
1,  by  Provincial  Grand  Master  Harison.  The  charter  as  confirmed 
by  Sir  John  Johnson,  Grand  Master,  on  July  30,  1773,  and  under  it 
the  Lodge  continued  to  work  until  the  close  of  the  War  for  Indepen- 
dence. After  a  period  of  struggle  to  maintain  an  isolated  existence, 
it  finally  surrendered  its  Colonial  warrant  and  received  a  warrant 
from  the  Grand  Lodge  of  the  State  of  New  York,  on  January  6, 
1807.  Its  present  name,  adopted  at  that  time,  is  Mount  Vernon 
Lodge,  No.  3. 

The  Brethren  of  Mount  Vernon,  No.  3,  are  inclined  to  consider  their 
Lodge  the  oldest  in  the  State,  because  the  original  charter  under 
which  its  founders  worked  was  issued  by  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Ireland, 
in  1737.  The  Lodge,  as  an  Albany  unit,  dates  from  April  11th,  1759. 
The  authority  under  which  it  started  under  way,  is  of  questionable 
validity,  being  a  legally  unauthorized  warrant.  The  charter  granted 
it  by  George  Harison,  on  February  21st,  1765,  made  it  a  duly  con- 
stituted Lodge,  under  the  name,  of  Union,  No.  1.  This  latter  is  the 
true  date  of  its  constitution  and  was  confirmed  as  such  by  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  New  York.  However,  Mount  Vernon  Lodge,  No.  3,  is  justi- 
fied in  the  claim  that  its  continuous  history  can  be  traced  back  farther 
than  that  of  any  other  surviving  Lodge  in  the  State,  though  it  must 
yield  precedence,  in  point  of  priority,  to  St.  John's,  No.  1,  and  Inde- 
pendent Royal  Arch,  No.  2,  as  a  New  York  Lodge. 

[51] 


Masonic  Beginnings  in   Colonial  New   York 


ST.   PATRICK'S   LODGE,   NO.    8 

On  May  3d,  1766,  Grand  Master  Harison  issued  a  charter  to  St. 
Patrick's  Lodge  at  Johnstown,  beginning  in  this  wise: 

Know  ye  that  we,  of  the  great  trust  and  confidence  reposed  in  our 
worthy  and  well-beloved  brother,  the  Honorable  Sir  William  Johnson, 
Baronet,  do  hereby  constitute  and  appoint  him  to  be  our  Master;  tiny 
Johnson,  Esq..  Senior  Warden;  Daniel  Claus,  Esq.,  Junior  Warden;  and 
John  Butler,  Secretary  of  the  St.  Patrick's  Lodge,  No.  8,  to  be  held  in 
Johnson  hall,  in  the  county  of  Albany,  in  the  Province  of  New  York. 

Sir  William,  as  the  name  of  his  lodge  suggests,  was  an  Irishman. 
He  had  come  to  America,  about  1735,  at  the  age  of  twenty,  and  soon 
won  great  distinction,  especially  for  his  remarkable  influence  with 
the  Indians,  whose  confidence  and  friendship  he  held  to  the  end  of 
his  life.  In  1755,  he  was  made  commander  of  the  provincial  troops, 
and  soon  after  became  Superintendent  of  Indian  Affairs.  Johnson 
Hall,  which  is  named  in  the  lodge  warrant,  was  his  baronial  resi- 
dence, at  Johnstown.     He  died  on  July  11,  1774. 

Guy  Johnson,  the  Senior  Warden,  was  Sir  William's  son-in-law,  and 
held  the  post  of  Assistant  Superintendent  of  Indian  Affairs.  Daniel 
Clause,  the  Junior  Warden,  was  also  a  son-in-law  of  Sir  William  and, 
becoming  distinguished  for  his  bravery  as  a  soldier,  rose  to  the  rank 
of  Colonel. 

The  original  charter  and  the  old  jewels,  which  are  now  in  the 
possession  of  the  lodge,  were  carried  away  by  Sir  John  Johnson,  when, 
loyal  to  the  Royalist  cause,  he  fled  to  Canada,  during  the  Revolution. 
On  June  3,  1831,  Sir  John  returned  to  the  Lodge  the  old  Provincial 
Warrant,  together  with  jewels,  mostly  of  silver  and  presented  to  it 
by  Sir  William  Johnson.  The  records  of  St.  Patrick's  Lodge  are 
complete  from  its  organization  in  1766  to  the  present  time.  The 
Lodge  is  No.  4  in  the  present  State  list  of  Lodges. 

masters'  lodge,  no.  2 

In  1767  a  warrant  had  been  issued  by  the  Grand  Lodge  of  England 
appointing  Sir  John  Johnson  Provincial  Grand  Master.  The  instal- 
lation not  taking  place  until  1771,  Grand  Master  Harison  continued 
to  exercise  the  prerogatives  of  the  office  in  the  interim.  This  condi- 
tion appears  to  have  created  some  confusion  in  the  minds  of  the 
brethren. 

In  1768  George  Harison  constituted  Masters'  Lodge  at  Albany, 
which  is  at  present  No.  5  in  the  list  of  lodges  under  the  jurisdiction 
of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  the  State.  William  Gamble  was  the  first 
Master.     The  following  year  Dr.  Samuel  Stringer  was  elected  to  the 

[52] 


Masonic  Beginnings  in  Colonial  New  York 

East.  Under  a  misapprehension  as  to  Grand  Master  Harison's 
powers,  Dr.  Stringer  addressed  a  petition  to  Sir  John  Johnson  asking 
that  a  new  warrant  be  issued  and  the  lodge  designated  St.  John  the 
Evangelist's  Lodge,  No.  2,  of  Albany.  No  reason  was  given  for  the 
requested  change,  but  the  letter  accompanying  the  petition  stated, 
"The  reasons  for  renewing  our  warrant  are  many  and  urgent."  Sir 
John  replied  promptly,  assuring  the  Master  and  the  brethren  of  his 
good  will,"  but  stating  plainly  that  he  could  not  be  regarded  as  Grand 
Master  until  after  his  installation.  The  Albany  brethren  made  no 
further  request  for  a  change,  and  the  lodge  retained  its  original  name. 

Masters'  Lodge  became  very  popular.  Its  relations  with  "Ineffable 
Lodge  of  Perfection"  (Scottish  Rite),  organized  on  December  20th, 
1767,  appear  to  have  been  particularly  intimate.  Both  bodies  united 
in  the  building  of  a  "house"  for  their  joint  accommodation  on  the 
site  occupied  by  the  present  beautiful  Masonic  Temple  of  Albany. 

The  "Ineffable"  managed  to  be  on  the  best  of  terms  with  the  lodges 
all  around.  It  joined  with  St.  Patrick's  Lodge,  in  a  public  procession, 
in  1769,  and  celebrated  St.  John  Evangelist  Day  in  fraternal  union 
with  St.  George's  of  Schenectady,  and  Union  and  Masters'  of  Albany, 
on  December  27,  1774. 

SOLOMON'S   LODGE,   NO.    1 

The  last  lodge  known  to  have  been  warranted  by  Grand  Master 
Harison  was  Solomon's,  No.  1,  at  Poughkeepsie,  on  April  18,  1771. 
Robert  R.  Livingston,  Master  of  Union  Lodge,  New  York  City,  as  the 
deputized  acting  Grand  Master,  read  the  warrant  and  installed  the 
officers.  He  continued  to  take  an  active  interest  in  the  lodge  through- 
out his  long  and  noble  life.  The  most  notable  event  in  the  history 
of  this  once  prominent  lodge  was  probably  the  visit  with  which  George 
Washington  honored  it,  on  December  27,  1782. 

The  brethren  were  almost  to  a  man  on  the  side  of  the  patriots.  In 
the  minutes  of  May  16,  1781,  appeared  this  significant  item: 

Ordered  that  the  name  of  Benedict  Arnold  be  considered  as  obliterated 
from  the  Minutes  of  this  Lodge. 

Solomon's  continued  in  more  or  less  active  operation  until  1827; 
after  that  year  it  failed  to  be  represented  in  the  Grand  Lodge  and 
was  not  heard  from  again. 

The  warrant  issued  by  George  Harison  for  the  constituting  of 
Solomon's,  No.  1,  read  as  follows: 

( L.  Sigile. )  To  All  and  every  our  Right  Worshipful,  Worshipful  and 
loving   Brethren,    We,   George   Harison,    of    the    City    of    New   York    in    the 

[53] 


Masonic  Beginnings  in  Colonial  New  York 

Province  of  New  York  in  America,  Provincial  Grand  Master  of  the  Ancient 
and  Honorable  Society  of  Free  and  Accepted   Masons. 

Send   Greeting: 

Know  Ye,  that  of  the  great  trust  and  confidence  reposed  in  our  worthy 
and  well  beloved  Brother,  .lames  Livingston,  Esq.,  and  on  the  recommenda- 
tion of  Our  Worthy  Brother,  Robert  R.  Livingston,  Junr.,  Esq.,  We  do 
hereby  Constitute  and  appoint  the  said  James  Livingston,  Esq.,  to  be 
Master  of  the  Solomon's  Lodge,  No.  One,  to  be  holden  at  Poughkeepsie,  in 
Dutchess  County  and  Province  of  New  York  in  America,  and  we  do  also 
at  his  own  desire  appoint  Dr.  John  Lewis  and  John  Child  to  be  the  Senior 
and  Junior  Wardens  of  the  said  Lodge  with  full  power  and  authority  in 
due  form  to  make  Masons  and  also  to  do  all  and  every  such  other  acts 
and  things  appertaining  to  the  said  office  as  usually  have  been  and  ought 
to  be  done  and  executed  by  other  Masters.  He  our  said  Master  taking 
especial  care  that  all  and  every  the  members  of  his  said  Lodge  have  been 
regularly  made  Masons,  and  that  they  do  observe,  perform  and  keep  all 
and  every  the  Rules,  Orders  and  Regulations  contained  into  (sic)  the 
Book  of  Constitutions  (such  only  as  have  been  repealed  are  excepted), 
together  with  all  such  other  Rules,  Orders  and  Regulations  or  Instructions 
as  shall  from  time  to  time  be  transmitted  to  you  by  Us  or  Our  successors. 
Grand  Master  of  this  province  for  the  time  being:  And  we  do  hereby  will 
and  require  You  our  said  Master  to  cause  four  Quarterly  Communications 
to  be  held  Yearly,  One  whereof  to  be  upon  or  as  near  the  Feast!  day  of 
St.  John  the  Baptist  as  conveniently  may  be,  and  that  you  promote  on  that 
and  all  other  occasions  whatever  may  be  for  the  Honor  and  Advantage  of 
Masonry  and  the  Benefit  of  the  Grand  Charity,  and  that  you  transmit 
unto  Us  and  Our  Successors  Quarterly,  an  Account  in  Writing  of  the 
proceedings  of  your  Lodge,  when  and  where  held,  with  a  List  of  the  members 
thereof  and  Copies  of  such  Rules,  Orders  and  Regulations  as  you  shall 
make  for  the  good  Government  thereof,  with  whatever  else  you  shall  do 
by  virtue  of  these  presents,  always  remembering  the  Grand  end  proposed 
in  Masonry  (Universal  Benevolence  to  all  men,  but  to  Masons  particularly). 

THIS  DONE  by  virtue  of  the  power  and  authority  vested  in  us  by  Our 
Commission,  bearing  date  in  London,  the  ninth  day  of  June,  A.  D.  1753, 
A.  L.  5753,  under  the  hand  and  seal  of  John  Proby,  Baron  of  Carysfort  in 
the  County  of  Wicklow  in  the  Kingdom  of  Ireland,  the  then  GRAND 
Mx\STE'R  of  ENGLAND,  appointing  Us,  Grand  Master  in  and  over  this 
Province  of  New  York  in  America. 

GIVEN  under  our  hand  and  seal  of  Masonry  in  the  City  of  New  York 
this  eighteenth  day  of  April,  A.  D.   1771:   A.  L.  5771. 

(Signed)  George  Harison, 

P.  G.  M. 
(Signed)         Robert  R.  Livingston,  Junr., 

Master  of  the  ZTnion  Lodge. 

[54] 


^Masonic  Beginnings  in  Colonial  New  York 

ST.  GEORGE'S,  NO.  1 

On  October  4th,  1773,  Masters'  Lodge,  No.  2,  at  Albany,  received  a 
petition  for  the  formation  of  a  Lodge  at  Schenectady.  The  record 
in  the  minutes  runs  as  follows: 

A  Petition  to  the  Eight  Worshipful  Provincial  Grand  Master,  Sir  John 
Johnson,  Knight.  Signed  by  Bros.  Christopher  Yates,  John  Hugham  of 
Schenectady,  and  Benjamin  Hilton.  Jr..  praying  to  be  formed  into  a  regular 
body  by  the  name  of  "St.  George's  Lodge"  in  Schenectady,  and  to  obtain 
a.  Warrant  to  them,  and  their  successors,  appointing  Christopher  Yates, 
Master,  John  Hugham,  Senior,  and  Benjamin  Hilton,  Junior  Wardens,  was 
presented  to  this  body  for  their  recommendation;  and  was  signed  by  the 
Worshipful  Master  and  Wardens,  and  the  Lodge  Seal  affixed  thereto. 

This  record  represents  the  first  known  instance  in  New  York  of 
the  observance  of  a  principle,  which  is  at  present  generally  enforced, 
that  a  recommendation  by  the  geographically  nearest  Lodge  must 
accompany  the  petition  for  a  new  Lodge. 

The  petition  of  the  Schenectady  brethren  was  approved  by  Masters' 
Lodge  and  sent  to  Sir  John  Johnson,  then  the  Provincial  Grand  Master 
for  New  York,  who  granted  the  dispensation  for  the  institution  of  St. 
George's  Lodge,  on  June  21st,  1774.  The  warrant  of  constitution  was 
issued  under  date  of  September  14th,  1774. 


MILITARY    LODGES 

The  practice  of  granting  warrants  to  Masons  in  the  military  and 
naval  service  empowering  them  to  form  Lodges  in  the  regiments  or 
other  units  to  which  they  were  attached,  originated  in  Ireland.  The 
premier  Grand  Lodge  of  England  followed  the  precedent.  Scotland 
also  gave  encouragement  to  the  plan.  After  the  Antients  got  under 
way,  they,  too,  granted  such  migratory  warrants.  Wherever  the 
warrant  was,  there  was  the  Lodge.  The  very  nature  of  the  conse- 
quent instability  suggests  that  the  records  of  these  traveling  Lodges 
could  not  be  kept  accurately,  and  that  the  task  of  following  then- 
fortunes  must  prove  an  almost  hopeless  one.  Nevertheless,  the  ambu- 
lant Lodges  played  an  important  part  in  the  spreading  of  Free- 
masonry and  left  behind  them  in  many  places  nuclei  of  stationary 
Lodges  which  would  in  the  course  of  time  receive  due  recognition 
from  whatever  lawful  Masonic  authority  might  be  applied  to  for 
regularization. 

New  York  had  its  share  of  the  harvest  sown  by  military  Lodges 
within  her  confines.  We  have  had  occasion  to  refer  to  the  rise  of 
Union,  No.  1,  at  Albany,  from  the  Masonic  remnant  left  behind  when 

[55] 


Masonic  Beginnings  in   Colonial  New  York 

a  military  Lodge  warranted  by  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Ireland  left  for 
another  field  of  operation,  after  a  stay  of  about  two  years.  Harison 
regularized  the  unit.  A  Lodge  was  formed  at  Lake  George,  in  1757, 
one  in  1759  and  another  in  1762,  at  Crown  Point,  by  James  Gridley, 
Provincial  Grand  Master  of  North  America.  George  Harison  issued 
a  warrant  to  Brethren  of  the  60th  Regiment,  Foot  Guards,  in  1764, 
"to  hold  a  Lodge  of  Masons,  No.  1,  at  Detroit,  under  whatever  name 
the  said  Master  and  his  officers  should  please  to  distinguish  it."  The 
name  adopted  was  Zion  Lodge,  No.  1. 

There  is  no  need  of  multiplying  information  about  Lodges  which 
had  their  short  day  and  then  were  heard  of  no  more.  The  Lodges 
that  took  an  active  part  in  forming  the  organization  which  became 
the  Grand  Lodge  of  the  State  of  New  York,  will  be  mentioned  in  a 
later  chapter.  We  ought  to  say  a  word,  however,  about  two  military 
Lodges  which  left  behind  them  a  distinct  impress  of  their  influence. 

ST.  JOHN'S  REGIMENTAL  LODGE 

Sir  John  Johnson,  Provincial  Grand  Master  for  New  York,  having 
left  for  Canada,  at  the  beginning  of  hostilities  in  the  War  for  Ameri- 
can Independence,  his  prerogatives  descended  upon  his  Deputy,  Dr. 
Peter  Middleton,  who  exercised  them  with  tact  and  a  due  regard  for 
the  feelings  swaying  the  population  of  the  Province.  He  issued  th<? 
first  warrant  granted  to  any  unit  of  the  Continental  Army,  owning 
allegiance  to  George  Washington  as  Commander-in-Chief;  it  author- 
ized the  formation  of  St.  John's  Regimental  Lodge,  composed  of  New 
York  Brethren  who  had  joined  the  ranks  of  the  revolutionists.  This 
warrant  was  dated  July  24th,  1775.  After  the  close  of  the  war,  it 
turned  up  at  Clark's  Town,  Orange  County,  in  the  state  of  New  York, 
where  a  Lodge  continued  to  work  under  its  authority,  later  transfer- 
ring its  headquarters  to  Warwick,  in  the  same  county.  This  Lodge, 
known  later  as  St.  John's  Lodge,  No.  18,  succumbed  finally,  about 
1825. 

AMERICAN   UNION   LODGE,   NO.   1 

The  best  known  and  most  important  Lodge  in  the  Continental 
Army  was  American  Union,  No.  1.  Its  inception  was  due  to  Joel  Clark, 
who  with  five  other  Master  Masons,  four  Fellowcrafts  and  one  Entered 
Apprentice — all  but  one  of  them  officers  in  the  Connecticut  Line — 
joined  in  a  petition  to  Grand  Master  John  Rowe  of  the  St.  John's 
Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts  to  be  allowed  to  form  a  Lodge  while 
in  camp  at  Roxbury.  The  warrant  was  issued  by  Deputy  Grand  Mas- 
ter Richard  Gridley,  under  date  of  February  15th,  1776.  It  was 
brief  and  clear  and  read  as  follows: 

f56  I 


.Masonic  Beginnings  in   Colonial  New  York 

John  Rowe,  Grand  Master. 

To  Joel  Clark,  Esq., — Greetings: 

By  virtue  of  authority  invested  in  me,  I  hereby,  reposing  special  trust 
and  confidence  in  your  knowledge  and  skill  of  the  Ancient  Craft,  do  appoint 
and  constitute  you,  the  said  Joel  Clark,  Esquire,  Master  of  the  AMERICAN 
UNION  LODGE  now  erected  in  Roxbury,  or  wherever  your  BODY  shall 
remove  on  the  Continent  of  America,  provided  it  is  where  n<>  Grand  Master 
is  appointed.  You  are  to  promote  in  your  Lodge  the  utmost  Harmony 
and  Brotherly  Love,  and  to  keep  up  the  Constitutions. 

The  Lodge  was  formally  constituted  on  the  day  following  the  receipt 
of  the  warrant  and  started  on  its  career  with  a  membership  of  twenty. 
Shortly  after  this  it  was  removed  to  New  York.  As  the  warrant 
was  valid  only  "where  no  Grand  Master  is  appointed,"  the  Lodge 
applied  to  Dr.  Peter  Middleton,  the  Deputy  Grand  Master,  for  a 
confirmation.  This  was  denied,  but  a  new  warrant  was  issued  con- 
stituting the  Lodge  as  Military  Union,  No.  1.  The  Brethren  did  not 
relish  the  new  designation,  but  accepted  it,  voted  that  the  furniture 
belonging  to  them  as  American  Union  should  be  "considered  as  only 
lent  to  Military  Union  Lodge,"  and  continued  to  work  and  be  known 
under  the  more  favored  original  name. 

Then  followed  the  battles  of  Long  Island  and  Harlem,  in  which 
three  of  the  Brethren  were  killed,  and  Joel  Clark  and  several  others 
were  taken  prisoners  by  the  British,  "by  which  misfortune  the  Lodge 
was  deprived  of  its  Master  and  some  worthy  members,  and  many 
other  brethren  were  called  to  act  in  several  departments,  whereby  the 
Lodge  stood  closed  without  day." 

On  March  19th,  1777,  a  remnant,  having  possession  of  the  war- 
rants, opened  a  Lodge  at  Redding,  Connecticut.  Joel  Clark  having 
died  in  prison,  Samuel  Holden  Parsons  was  elected  Master,  and  regu- 
lar communications  were  resumed.  March  25th,  1779,  was  celebrated 
as  a  gala  occasion,  General  Israel  Putnam  and  other  military  officers, 
all  of  them  Masons,  having  been  invited  to  be  present.  The  first  toast 
was  given  in  honor  of  General  Washington  and  was  followed  by  one 
to  the  memory  of  Brothers  Warren,  Montgomery  and  Wooster,  who 
had  sealed  their  devotion  to  the  cause  of  American  Independence  by 
the  sacrifice  of  their  lives. 

.  Less  than  two  months  later,  American  Union  Lodge  appeared  again 
in  New  York,  at  Nelson's  Point  on  the  Hudson.  General  Samuel 
Holden  Parsons,  wdio  had  been  the  Master  and  was  now  the  Senior 
Warden,  had  succeeded  General  Putnam  in  the  command  of  the  Con- 
necticut Line,  with  headquarters  at  the  Robinson  House,  opposite 
West  Point.  In  this  historic  building  were  held  many  memorable 
meetings,  chief  among  them  a  celebration  of  the  Festival  of  St.  John 

[57] 


Masonic  Beginnings  in   Colonial  New  York 

Evangelist,  in  the  summer  of  1779,  which  was  attended  by  George 
Washington  and  his  family  and  many  distinguished  military  leaders. 

Among  the  patriots  initiated  in  American  Union  Lodge,  during  its 
stay  on  the  banks  of  the  Hudson,  were  Colonel  Rufus  Putnam,  then 
in  charge  of  construction  of  the  fortifications  of  West  Point,  and 
Colonel  John  Brooks,  who  later  became  Governor  of  Massachusetts. 

In  December,  1779,  the  Lodge  was  at  work  in  the  winter  quarters 
of  the  Army,  at  Morristown,  New  Jersey.  There  were  at  least  two 
other  military  Lodges  in  camp,  St.  John's  Regimental  and  Washington, 
No.  10.  The  latter  Lodge  had  been  warranted,  in  October,  by  Grand 
Master  Joseph  Webb  of  the  "ancient"  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts, 
and  had  been  constituted  on  November  11th,  while  the  i*egiment  to 
which  it  was  attached  was  stationed  at  West  Point.  General  John 
Patterson  was  its  first  Master,  and  Colonel  Benjamin  Tupper  and 
Major  William  Hull  (General  Hull  of  the  War  of  1812),  were  the 
first  Wardens.  The  records  of  Washington  Lodge  were  lost  during 
the  war,  and  its  activities  can  only  be  guessed  at  from  scattered 
notices  in  the  minutes  of  other  Lodges.  The  great  Lafayette,  who 
is  known  to  have  been  made  a  Mason  in  America,  appears  to  have 
been  initiated  in  this  Lodge  named  after  his  revered  friend. 

American  Union  Lodge,  ever  on  the  alert  for  the  advancement  of 
Freemasonry  among  the  patriots,  conceived  the  plan  of  uniting  all 
American  Masons  under  one  general  Grand  Master.  The  celebration 
of  St.  John  Evangelist  Day  was  chosen  to  win  support  for  the  project. 
A  public  procession  was  organized,  headed  by  a  band  of  music.  The 
festal  Lodge  was  attended  by  more  than  a  hundred  Masons,  "Bro. 
Washington"  heading  the  list  of  distinguished  visitors.  An  address 
was  read  representing  a  petition  to  be  sent  to  the  several  Provincial 
Grand  Masters  in  the  United  States,  in  which,  after  expressing  regret 
that  "the  misfortunes  of  war"  had  separated  American  Masons  from 
the  Grand  Lodges  of  Europe,  these  reasons  were  set  forth  why  a  new 
organization  should  be  effected: 

Considering  the  present  situation  of  our  Lodges  and  Masonry  in  general, 
the  necessity  for  the  honor  of  the  craft,  and  the  importance  of  enjoying 
the  benefits  of  so  valuable  an  institution,  that  some  exertions  are  made 
for  checking  the  present  irregularities,  restoring  peace  and  harmony  to 
the  lodges  and  for  the  re-establishment  of  the  Order  on  the  ancient  respec- 
table foundation,  which  we  conceive  can  never  be  done  more  effectively 
than  by  the  appointment  of  a  Grand  Master  in  and  over  the  United  States 
of  America. 

We,  therefore,  most  earnestly  request  that  the  present  Provincial  Grand 
Masters  in  the  respective  said  United  States  would  take  some  measures 
for  the  appointment  of  a  Grand  Master  in  and  over  the  said  Thirteen 
United  States  of  America. 

[58] 


Masonic  Beginnings  in   Colonial  New   York 

The  gathering  greeted  the  proposition  with  enthusiasm  and  voted 
"that  the  petition  be  circulated  through  the  different  lines  of  the 
army,  and  that  a  committee  be  appointed  from  the  different  lodges  in 
the  army,  from  each  line  and  from  the  staff,  to  convene  on  the  first 
Monday  of  February  to  take  the  foregoing  petition  into  consideration." 
The  proposed  convention  was  held  on  the  appointed  day.  There  were 
ten  delegates  representing  American  Union,  St.  John's  Regimental, 
Washington,  No.  10,  and  the  Masons  of  seven  States.  General  Mor- 
decai  Gist,  who  later  became  Grand  Master  of  Masons  in  South 
Carolina,  was  chosen  to  preside.  An  address  was  formulated  asking 
the  Provincial  Grand  Masters  in  America  to  help  promote  the  estab- 
lishment of  a  supreme  Grand  Lodge  for  the  United  States  under  one 
Grand  Master  General  "to  preside  over  and  govern  all  other  lodges 
of  whatsoever  degree  or  denomination,  licensed  or  to  be  licensed  upon 
the  continent."  Much  discussion  and  correspondence  followed  the 
issuance  of  the  address,  but  the  dream  was  never  realized.  Georgia, 
the  Carolinas,  Maryland,  and  other  States  revived  the  idea  from  time 
to  time,  but  it  failed  to  commend  itself  to  the  craft,  which  looked  upon 
a  centralization  of  power  with  suspicion. 

In  July,  1780,  we  find  American  Union  Lodge  again  at  work  on  the 
banks  of  the  Hudson.  In  1782,  it  united  with  Washington  Lodge,  No. 
10,  in  the  celebration  of  St.  John  Baptist  Day,  at  West  Point.  After 
this,  meetings  were  held  for  a  time  at  Verplanck's  Point.  The  last 
communication  of  which  any  record  is  preserved  was  held  at  West 
Point,  on  April  23rd,  1783.  The  disbanding  of  the  Army  is  no  doubt 
the  explanation. 

On  October  22nd,  1791,  there  was  read  in  the  Grand  Lodge  of  New 
York  a  letter,  dated  Marietta,  Ohio,  1791,  conveying  the  information 
that  "to  illumine  their  path  in  the  Wilderness  of  the  West"  a  number 
of  Brethren  had  "incorporated  themselves  into  a  Lodge,  under  a 
Warrant,  by  the  name  of  the  American  Union  Lodge,  No.  1.  It  was 
signed  by  Benjamin  Tupper  and  Rufus  Putnam  as  Wardens. 

CLOSE    OF    THE     FIRST    PROVINCIAL    GRAND    LODGE 

The  First  Provincial  Grand  Lodge  of  New  York,  derived  from 
the  premier  Grand  Lodge  of  England,  did  not  survive  the  shock  of 
the  Revolution,  chiefly  because  its  last  Grand  Master  saw  fit  to  iden- 
tify his  fortunes  with  Great  Britain  in  a  manner  which  could  not 
but  make  his  very  name  odious  to  American  patriots.  Moreover,  the 
headstrong  Royalist,  on  leaving  for  Canada,  had  taken  with  him  the 
deputation  giving  him  authority  to  direct  Masonic  affairs  in  New  York. 
If  he  had  turned  the  warrant  over  to  his  Deputy,  the  likelihood  is 
that  this  tactful  leader  could  have  held  the  Lodges  together,  and  the 

[59] 


Masonic  Beginnings  in  Colonial  New  York- 
history  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  New  York  might  now  trace  its  begin- 
ning to  the  formation  of  the  Provincial  Grand  Lodge  by  George 
Harison,  if  not  to  an  earlier  date.  Sir  John  Johnson  by  his  inexcusa- 
ble proceedings  gave  an  opening  to  the  Antients  who,  as  we  shal1 
presently  see,  took  quick  advantage  of  the  situation  and  established 
themselves  firmly  in  the  State. 

Nevertheless,  we  owe  a  great  debt  of  gratitude  to  the  official  agents 
of  the  premier  Grand  Lodge  of  England.  They  succeeded  in  dissemi- 
nating the  pure  principles  of  Freemasonry  among  the  colonists  and 
to  inspire  them  with  the  lofty  principles  of  our  noble  institution.  In 
the  Lodges  founded  upon  a  firm  belief  in  the  Fatherhood  of  God  and 
the  brotherhood  of  all  men,  our  forebears  learned  the  fundamental 
lessons  of  liberty  under  the  law  and  equality  before  the  law.  There 
they  were  taught  to  keep  their  passions  in  due  bounds,  promote  one 
another's  welfare,  respect  the  religious  convictions  of  men,  and  work 
together  as  brothers  for  the  common  good.  The  Lodges  raised  the 
leaders  in  the  struggle  for  the  freedom  and  independence  of  the 
United  States  and  developed  the  ideas  which  form  the  foundations  of 
the  Constitution  of  our  country. 

Although  Freemasonry  in  New  York  issued  from  the  premier 
Grand  Lodge  of  England,  all  the  Lodges  formed  under  these  auspices 
were  essentially  training  schools  of  American  patriots,  while  the 
Lodges  constituted  by  the  Antients,  which  formed  the  organization 
from  which  our  pi'esent  Grand  Lodge,  officially,  derives  its  existence, 
were  composed  almost  wholly  of  British  soldiers  and  officials  bent  on 
preventing  the  success  of  the  Revolution.  In  New  England  it  was 
not  so,  nor  in  most  of  the  other  States.  The  fact  that  the  city  of 
New  York  was  occupied  by  the  British  accounts  no  doubt  for  the 
difference. 

After  General  Howe  had  taken  New  York,  in  1776,  the  city  became 
invested  with  British  troops.  A  large  portion  of  the  officers  and 
members  of  old  St.  John's  Lodge,  loyal  to  the  American  cause,  fol- 
lowed Washington  on  his  northward  retreat,  taking  the  Lodge  war- 
rant with  them.  The  Royalist  and  other  members  who  stayed  behind, 
continued  to  meet  and  were  later  on  given  a  warrant  as  St.  John's, 
No.  4,  by  the  Provincial  Grand  Lodge  of  the  Antients.  Of  the  doings 
of  Independent  Royal,  the  only  other  surviving  old  Lodge,  no  record 
has  been  preserved,  if  there  were  any  doings  during  the  period  of 
the  city's  occupation.  It  is  more  than  likely  that  not  one  of  the  origi- 
nal lodges  constituted  under  the  auspices  of  the  premier  Grand  Lodge 
of  England  remained  in  the  invested  city. 

Up-State  conditions  were  more  favorable  to  the  sons  of  liberty. 
Union    (now    Mt.    Vernon,    No.    3)    and    Masters   Lodges    at    Albany, 

[60] 


Masonic  Beginnings  in  Colonial  New  York 

Solomon's  at  Poughkeepsie,  and  St.  George's  at  Schenectady,  met 
more  or  less  regularly  during  the  whole  period  of  the  Revolution. 
All  of  them  were  aflame  with  zeal  for  the  cause  of  American  free- 
dom, and  among  their  members  were  to  be  found  many  officers  of 
the  Continental  Army.  One-half  the  number  of  150  members  of 
St.  George's,  the  Lodge  constituted  by  Sir  John  Johnson,  were  in 
the  military  service  of  the  United  States,  and  the  communications 
went  on  uninterruptedly.  St.  John's  Military  Lodge  was  in  winter 
quarters  at  Morristown  with  Washington.  Thus  all  that  remained 
of  the  original  Lodges  were  identified  with  the  cause  of  the  United 
States. 

Whatever  of  stability,  strength  and  inspiring  force  Freemasonry 
possessed  in  the  State  of  New  York  when  British  rule  came  to 
an  end,  was  derived  from  the  first  Provincial  Grand  Lodge  which 
passed  out  of  existence  when  an  Atholl  warrant  was  transmitted 
to  our  shores  authorizing  the  establishment  of  a  new  regimen. 

the  atholl  provincial  grand  lodge 
1781  to  1784 

In  the  British  regiments  ordered  to  America  to  suppress  the 
rising  rebellion  of  the  colonies,  there  were  a  large  number  of 
military  Lodges  which  managed  to  leave  a  marked  influence  on 
Masonic  development,  particularly  in  the  city  of  New  York.  The 
majority  of  these  Lodges  had  been  warranted  by  the  Grand  Lodge 
of  the  Antients,  then  better  known  as  the  Atholl  Grand  Lodge  of 
England,  the  Duke  of  Atholl  being  its  Grand  Master  at  that  time. 
The  few  Lodges  holding  warrants  from  Ireland  or  Scotland  worked 
in  close  harmony  with  the  Antients,  the  ritual  and  customs  of 
the  three  Grand  Lodges  being  very  much  alike,  while  differing  in 
some  points  from  the  system  of  the  premier  Grand  Lodge  of 
England.  Eventually  the  Antients  gained  the  upper  hand.  Their 
principal  merit  was  that  they  kept  close  to  the  humanity  of 
the  great  middle  class,  preserved  the  original  democracy  of  the 
craft  and  saved  Masonry  from  becoming  an  aristocratic  insti- 
tution, or  a  fraternity  of  snobs.  That  is  the  glory  of  the  Antients, 
which  nobody  can  deny  them.  They  were  a  thorn  in  the  flesh  of 
the  premier  Grand  Lodge,  a  thorn  it  needed  to  keep  it  from  exalting 
itself  above  measure. 

The  question  of  "regularity"  did  not  trouble  the  Colonial  Breth- 
ren in  America,  if  it  did  form  a  subject  for  acrimonious  discussions 
in  English  Masonic  circles.  They  saw  no  reason  for  avoiding 
Masonic  intercourse  with  Antient  Brethren  who  were  acknowl- 
edged   as    regular   by   the   Grand   Lodges    of    Ireland    and    Scotland. 

I  61  I 


Masonic  Beginnings  in  Colonial  New  York 

In  the  Province  of  New  York,  the  last  impediment  to  a  free  ming- 
ling of  Brethren,  made  under  the  older  dispensation,  with  the 
members  of  the  steadily  increasing  number  of  Antient  Lodges, 
was  removed  when  Sir  John  Johnson  hied  away  to  Canada  and 
took  his  Provincial  warrant  with  him.  The  up-State  Brethren 
missed  their  opportunity  for  erecting  a  Grand  Lodge  at  Albany 
or  Poughkeepsie,  and  left  the  field  open  for  New  York  City  to 
make    the    move. 

THE    INCHOATE    GRAND    LODGE    OF    NEW    YORK 

The  Lodges  connected  with  the  military  units  quartered  in  New 
York  City  were  dominated  by  the  Antients,  and  these  now  had  the 
field  practically  to  themselves.  The  leading  Lodge  was  No.  16  9  of 
"Antient  York  Masons."  It  held  a  warrant  as  a  British  Field  Lodge, 
under  which  it  had  been  constituted,  while  located  in  Boston,  on 
July  13th,  1771.  The  warrant  emanated  from  the  Antient  Grand 
Lodge  of  England.  On  the  evacuation  of  Boston,  in  1776,  No.  169 
followed  the  British  military  forces  to  New  York.  Here  it  saw  the 
opportunity  of  uniting  the  several  military  Lodges  now  located  in  the 
city  into  a  Provincial  Grand  Lodge.  Accordingly  it  called  a  con- 
vention of  the  Lodges,  which  opened,  on  January  2  3rd,  1781,  under 
the  warrant  of  No.  16  9.  There  were  present  twenty-nine  represen- 
tatives of  seven  Lodges.  Past  Master  James  McCuen,  of  No.  169, 
presided.  A  permanent  formation  was  agreed  upon,  and  officers  were 
elected,  as  follows:  the  Rev.  William  Walter,  M.  A.,  of  No.  169,  Grand 
Master;  John  Studholme  Brownrigg,  of  No.  441,  Senior  Grand  War- 
den; the  Rev.  John  Beardsley,  of  No.  210,  Junior  Grand  Warden. 
Information  of  the  proceedings  was  transmitted  to  the  Antient  Grand 
Lodge  at  London,  with  a  request  for  authority  to  make  the  organi- 
zation legal  and  permanent. 

Nothing  now  stood  in  the  way  of  a  legal  organization  of  the 
new  Provincial  Grand  Lodge  of  New  York.  A  warrant  authorizing 
this  consummation  was  forwarded  from  England  in  the  fall  of  1782. 
The  document  bore  the  date  of  September  5th,  1781.  Its  earlier 
transmission  had  been  retarded  no  doubt  by  war  conditions.  It  is  to 
this  warrant  that  the  Grand  Lodge  of  New  York  traces  its  lawful 
establishment. 

The  first  meeting,  under  the  authority  of  the  Atholl  warrant,  was 
held  in  Roubalet's  Assembly  Hall,  New  York  City,  on  December  5th, 
1782.  There  were  present  the  Rev.  William  Walter,  Grand  Master, 
and  the  other  officers  mentioned  in  the  warrant,  together  with  the 
representatives  of  nine  Lodges,  one  of  them  under  dispensation. 
Officers  were  chosen  by  election  and  duly  installed. 

[62] 


Jdasonic  Beginnings  in  Colonial  New  York 

After  paying  due  homage  to  the  Grand  Officers,  the  Lodges  which 
were  represented  surrendered  their  warrants  and  received  them 
again  as  coining  from  the  Provincial  Grand  Lodge  of  New  York. 

CLOSE    OF    THE    ATHOLL    ORGANIZATION 

Political  events  began  to  reveal  that  the  independence  of  the 
United  States  was  assured.  New  York  was,  at  this  time,  the  only 
place  of  importance  still  remaining  in  the  hands  of  the  British. 
The  shifting  of  army  officers  and  troops  showed  its  effects  in  the 
Grand  Lodge,  which,  as  already  suggested,  was  largely  controlled  by 
sympathizers  with  the  Royalist  organization. 

November  25th,  1783,  had  been  fixed  upon  by  the  victorious  Amer- 
ican Army  as  the  day  when  the  British  troops  were  to  evacuate  New 
York  City.  In  anticipation  of  this  memorable  event,  a  "Grand  Lodge 
of  Emergency"  was  held,  on  September  19th,  to  discuss  the  propriety 
of  "leaving  the  Grand  Warrant  in  New  York  City."  It  was  finally 
resolved  that  the  Warrant  should  "remain  in  the  care  of  such 
brethren  as  may  hereafter  be  appointed  to  succeed  the  present  Grand 
Officers,  the  most  of  whom  are  under  the  necessity  of  leaving  New 
York  upon  the  removal  of  His  Majesty's  troops." 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Walter,  who  was  chaplain  of  De  Lancey's  3d  Battal- 
ion, was  compelled  to  leave  for  Nova  Scotia.  On  his  nomination, 
Junior  Grand  Warden  Cock  was  elected  and  installed  as  Grand 
Master. 

At  the  meeting  of  February  4th,  1784,  Grand  Master  Cock  re- 
signed his  office  and  nominated  as  his  successor  the  Hon.  Robert 
R.  Livingston,  Chancellor  of  the  State  of  New  York.  The  election 
of  this  distinguished  American  patriot  closed  the  brief  existence  of 
the  Provincial  Grand  Lodge  and  opened  the  history  of  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  the  State  of  New  York. 

ESTABLISHMENT    OF    THE    SOVEREIGN    GRAND    LODGE    OF    THE 
STATE    OF    NEW    YORK 

When  Robert  R.  Livingston  assumed  the  Grand  Mastership,  in 
178  4,  the  British  Army  Lodges  had  disappeared.  The  only  Lodges 
united  in  the  Grand  Lodge  of  the  State  of  New  York  at  the  time  of 
his  election  were  Nos.  169,  210,  212,  St.  John's  No.  4,  Hiram  No.  5 
and  Union  No.  8,  all  of  them  located  in  New  York  City. 

Union,  No.  8,  had  been  "healed"  and  admitted  to  Grand  Lodge 
membership  in  1783.  This  and,  possibly,  Hiram  were  the  only 
Lodges,  so  far,  which  could  trace  their  authority  to  a  warrant  from 

[63] 


Masonic  Beginnings  in   Colonial  New  York 

the  premier  Grand  Lodge  of  England.  Nos.  169,  210,  and  212  were 
Antient,  as  was  the  charter  which  created  the  Grand  Lodge  of  New 
York. 

The  only  other  Lodges  in  New  York  City,  not  yet  affiliated  with 
the  Grand  Lodge,  were  St.  John's,  No.  2,  and  Royal  Arch,  No.  8. 
Temple  and  Trinity  Lodges,  if  in  existence,  were  dormant. 

The  Lodges  in  the  state,  outside  of  New  York  City,  were  all  of 
them  "Modern."  At  Albany  were  Union  and  Masters;  at  Johnstown 
was  St.  Patrick's;  at  Poughkeepsie,  Solomon's;  at  Schenectady,  St. 
George's;  at  Clark's  Town,  St.  John's.  A  warrant  had  been  issued 
to  a  Lodge  on  Long  Island,  but  it  was  never  heard  of  as  being  active. 

The  first  problem  confronting  the  Grand  Master  was  how  to  gather 
into  the  Grand  Lodge  the  Lodges  established  under  authority  of 
the  premier  Grand  Lodge  of  England.  Fortunately,  the  contentions 
which  divided  Moderns  and  Antients,  in  Great  Britain,  had  never 
troubled  the  American  brethren  very  pronouncedly.  Unsettled  con- 
ditions prevailing  everywhere,  the  question  of  authority  between 
Grand  Lodges  aroused  little,  if  any,  partisan  strife.  Organization 
was  the  need  of  the  hour. 

As  a  matter  of  fact,  the  old  authority,  vested  by  the  premier  Grand 
Lodge  of  England  in  Sir  John  Johnson,  was  still  in  existence.  How- 
ever, this  ardent  Royalist  was  a  fugitive  from  his  native  country  and 
had  taken  with  him  his  own  warrant  and  also  that  of  St.  Patrick's 
Lodge  of  Johnstown.  His  Deputy,  Dr.  Middleton,  had  died,  and 
no  one  had  been  appointed  to  take  his  place.  The  Atholl  charter, 
therefore,  was  the  only  valid  official  document  at  hand,  authorizing 
the  Masons  in  the  State  of  New  York  to  meet  in  Grand  Lodge.  That 
simplified  the  process  of  assimilation  and  union. 

The  fact  that  Chancellor  Livingston  himself  had  been  Master  of 
a  Lodge  originally  identified  with  the  premier  Grand  Lodge,  made 
it  easier  to  overcome  any  existing  scruples.  After  he  had  been  duly 
installed,  inducted  in  the  chair  and  proclaimed  Grand  Master,  St. 
John's,  No.  2,  and  Royal  Arch,  No.  8,  surrendered  their  warrants  and 
joined  the  State  Grand  Lodge.  At  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Emergency, 
held  on  June  2d,  1784,  other  "Moderns"  appeared.  There  were 
present  also  representatives  of  Union  and  Masters',  at  Albany;  of 
Solomon,  at  Poughkeepsie,  and  of  St.  John's,  at  Clarke's  Town, 
who  "acknowledged  the  jurisdiction  of  the  Grand  Lodge  and  were 
accorded  seats."  Peter  W.  Yates,  for  thirty-seven  years  Master 
of  Union  Lodge,  at  Albany,  was  elected  Senior  Grand  Warden,  soon 
after.  Only  one  "Modern"  Lodge  now  remained  unaffiliated,  and 
that  was  St.  George's,  of  Schenectady.  The  sole  supreme  authority 
of  the  Grand  Lodge  in  the  State  of  New  York  was  established. 

f  64  I 


Masonic  Beginnings  in   Colonial  New  York 

The  next  thing  undertaken  was  the  gathering  of  unattached 
brethren  into  Lodges.  No  fewer  than  eighty-three  Lodges  were 
added  to  the  roll  under  the  Grand  Mastership  of  Chancellor  Living- 
ston.     Many   of    these    Lodges    have    survived    to    the    present    day. 

The  Grand  Lodge,  while  doing  its  best  to  increase  its  numerical 
strength,  showed  a  nice  sense  of  justice  by  denying,  in  178  5,  a 
petition  for  a  Lodge  at  Perth  Amboy,  New  Jersey,  thereby  making 
clear  that  jurisdiction  was  to  be  confined  to  the  State  of  New  York. 

Meanwhile,  some  irritation  arose  in  the  city  over  the  order  of 
precedence  in  public  processions.  A  committee  of  influential  mem- 
bers was  appointed  to  handle  the  delicate  subject.  Before  the  com- 
mittee could  report,  a  meeting  of  the  Grand  Lodge  adopted  this 
ringing  declaration:  "No  Lodge  can  exist  in  this  state  but  under 
the  jurisdiction  of  the  Grand  Lodge." 

The  committee  took  the  cue  and  reported  on  June  6,  1787,  in  sub- 
stance, as  follows: 

The  Grand  Lodge  of  this  state  is  established  according  to  the  ancient 
and  universal  usages  of  Masonry,  upon  a  constitution  formed  by  the  repre- 
sentatives of  the  regular  Lodges,  convened  under  a  legal  warrant  from  the 
Grand  Lodge  of  England,  dated  the  fifth  day  of  September,  in  the  year  of 
Masonry  5781,  the  Most  Noble  Prince  John,  the  Third  Duke  of  Atholl,  being 
the  then  Grand  Master.  .  .  .  Nothing  is  necessary  or  essential  in  the  future 
proceedings  of  the  Grand  Lodge  but  that  a  committee  be  appointed  to 
prepare  a  draft  of  the  style  of  warrants  to  be  hereafter  granted  by  the 
Grand  Lodge,  comformable  to  said  constitution. 

The  report  was  confirmed  and  its  recommendation  adopted.  The 
Lodges  were  ordered  to  deliver  up  their  old  warrants  and  to  take 
out  new  ones  as  soon  as  the  question  of  precedence  of  rank  could 
be  determined,  and  a  new  form  of  warrant  printed.  The  only  Lodge 
remaining  obdurate  was  No.  210,  which  wrote,  under  date  of 
December  5,  1787,  "entreating  indulgence  until  they  received 
answers  to  letters  that  had  been  written  to  the  Grand  Lodge  of 
England  respecting  the  authority  of  constitution,  we  having  laid 
aside  the  Provincial  Grand  Warrant."  The  answer  of  the  Grand 
Lodge  was  prompt  and  emphatic: 

That  the  dues  of  Lodge  No.  210  be  paid  up  in  twenty  days  and  they 
acknowledge  the  supremacy  of  this  Grand  Lodge,  otherwise  have  their 
names  erased  from  the  books  and  be  reported  to  the  different  lodges  in  the 
state. 

No.  210  speedily  submitted.  The  independence  and  supremacy 
of  the  Grand  Lodge  was  settled.  To  emphasize  the  fact  still  further, 
the  seal  was  ordered  changed,  on  September  3,  1788,  to  bear  the 
legend,  "Grand  Lodge  of  the  State  of  New  York." 

[65] 


W/W<////L 


Past  Grand  Master  of  Masons  in  the  State  of  New  York 


Chancellor  Livingston  and 
St.  John's  Washington  Bible 

Chancellor  Livingston  had  been  Master  of  old  Union  Lodge, 
which  was  started  under  auspices  of  the  premier  Grand 
Lodge  of  England  and  probably  suspended  labors  during  the 
stress  of  the  Revolution.  The  warranting  of  a  "Union  Lodge,  No. 
8,"  on  November  29,  1783,  suggests  that  the  remnant  of  the  former 
organization  was  admitted  to  membership,  as  a  regular  Lodge,  for 
the  very  purpose  of  identifying  the  Chancellor  with  the  Provincial 
Grand  Lodge,  thereby  paving  the  way  for  his  elevation  to  the  Grand 
Mastership. 

Although  only  about  thirty-six  years  old  when  he  became  Grand 
Master,  Robert  R.  Livingston  had  won  many  honors  in  the  political 
field,  and  his  name  was  respected  throughout  the  country.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  Continental  Congress  in  1776  and  served  with 
Thomas  Jefferson,  John  Adams,  Benjamin  Franklin  and  Roger  Sher- 
man on  the  committee  which  drew  up  the  Declaration  of  Indepen- 
dence. Chancellor  of  the  State  of  New  York,  1777-1801,  and  Sec- 
retary of  Foreign  Affairs,  1781-178  3,  his  advocacy  of  the  adoption  of 
the  Federal  Constitution  helped  to  bring  New  York  into  line. 

Livingston's  part  in  getting  steam  navigation  under  way  is  usually 
associated  with  the  achievement  of  Robert  Fulton  in  this  direction. 
As  a  matter  of  fact,  Livingston  appeared  before  the  State  legislature, 
as  early  as  1778,  with  a  plan  for  "applying  the  steam  engine  in  such 
a  way  as  to  propel  a  boat."  He  financed  a  number  of  experiments  to 
put  his  plan  in  practical  operation.  He  became  acquainted  with 
Fulton,  while  in  France,  about  1802,  and  entered  into  partnership 
with  this  genius.  The  successful  issue  was  the  construction  of  the 
Clermont,  named  after  the  Livingston  manor  on  the  Hudson.  On 
August  7th,  18  07,  at  last,  to  the  astonishment  of  an  incredulous 
populace,  the  boat  steamed  up  the  Hudson,  "the  devil  on  his  way 
to  Albany  in  a  saw  mill."  The  development  of  steam  navigation  dates 
from  that  memorable  event. 

At  the  inauguration  of  the  first  President  of  the  Republic  it  was 

[67] 


Chancellor  Livingston  and  Washington  Bible 

Robert  R.  Livingston  who  administered  the  oath  of  office  to  George 
Washington.  In  1801  he  was  appointed  United  States  Minister  to 
France  by  President  Jefferson,  and  he  negotiated  successfully  for  the 
Louisiana  purchase.  His  services  to  New  York  and  to  the  United 
States  won  him  a  high  place  in  the  affections  of  the  people,  and  his 
death,  in  1813,  was  mourned  as  a  public  calamity. 

ST.    JOHN'S    WASHINGTON    BIBLE 

With  the  fact  that  Grand  Master  Livingston,  by  virtue  of  his  office 
as    Chancellor    of    the    State,    administered    to    George    Washington 


the  inauguration  oath  on  April  3  0th,  1789,  there  is  connected  an 
historical  incident  of  keenest  interest  to  the  Fraternity. 

The  marshal  of  the  day  was  General  Jacob  Morton,  who  was 
Master  of  St.  John's  Lodge,  No.  1,  at  that  time,  and  later  became 
Grand  Master  of  the  State.  The  honor  of  escorting  Washington  was 
accorded  to  General  Morgan  Lewis,  who  also  became  a  Grand  Master 
in  later  years. 

When  Chancellor  Livingston  rose  to  perform  the  part  of  the  pro- 
gram assigned  to  him  it  was  found  that  no  Bible  had  been  provided. 
From  the  Federal  Hall,  on  Wall  Street,  where  the  inauguration  of 
the  first  President  of  the  Republic  took  place,  to  the  meeting  rooms 
of  St.   John's  Lodge  was  a  distance  of  only  a  few  steps.      General 

[68] 


Chancellor  Livingston  and   Washington   Bible 

Morton  went  quickly  and  brought  the  altar  Bible  of  the  Lodge,  rest- 
ing on  a  cushion  of  crimson  velvet.  Upon  this  Masonic  Bible  the 
first  President  was  sworn. 

There  were  present  upon  the  open  gallery,  besides  George  Wash- 
ington and  Chancellor  Livingston,  Vice-President  Adams,  Generals 
Knox,  St.  Clair,  Steuben,  and  other  officers  of  the  Continental  Army; 
George  Clinton,  the  Governor  of  the  State;  and  Mr.  Otis,  Secretary 
of  the  Senate,  who  held  the  cushion  with  the  open  Bible  upon  it. 

Washington  laid  his  hand  upon  the  page  containing  the  forty- 
ninth  Chapter  of  Genesis  from  verse  1 3  to  the  end,  more  particularly 
Jacob's  blessing  of  Joseph,  "The  prince  among  his  brethren."  Chan- 
cellor Livingston,  standing  before  him,  raised  his  hand  to  bid  the 
multitude  of  people  keep  silence.  He  then  in  a  clear  voice  read  the 
oath  of  office.  The  President  responded,  "I  swear,"  then  bowed 
reverently  and  kissed  the  page  of  the  sacred  book  on  which  his 
hand  had  rested,  and,  on  raising  his  head  again  and  closing 
his  eyes,  said  devoutly,  "So  help  me  God."  There  was  a  moment  of 
profound  silence.  "It  is  done,"  the  Chancellor  called  out,  and  then 
waving  his  hand  he  exclaimed  with  a  joyous  shout,  "Long  live  George 
Washington,  President  of  the  United  States!"  The  tension  with 
which  the  assembled  multitude  of  people  had  followed  the  simple 
ceremonies  of  the  inauguration  was  released.  Thousands  joined  in 
the  acclamation  as  with  one  voice,  "Long  live  George  Washington!" 

The  President  thereupon  proceeded  to  the  Senate  chamber  to  de- 
liver his  first  address  as  Chief  Magistrate  of  the  free  and  independent 
Union  of  States. 

The  Bible  used  on  this  occasion  was  returned  to  the  Lodge,  in 
whose  possession  it  has  remained  to  this  day.  The  pages  on  which 
the  hand  of  George  Washington  had  rested  and  which  received  the 
imprint  of  his  reverent  kiss,  have  been  skillfully  mounted  with  trans- 
parent silk  to  preserve  them  from  defacement. 

The  Bible  bears  the  publication  date  of  176  7.  It  was  presented 
to  the  Lodge  by  Jonathan  Hampton,  on  November  28,  177  5,  the 
night  on  which  he  was  elected  and  installed  as  Master.  The  cover 
bears  in  gold  lettering  this  inscription: 

God  shall  establish.  St.  John's  Lodge  constituted  5757.  Burnt  down 
.stli  March,  577(1:  rebuilt  and  opened  November  28,  5771) ;  officers  then  pre- 
siding: Jonathan  Hampton,  Master;  William  Butler,  Senior  Warden; 
Isaac  Ilenni.  Junior   Warden. 

On  a  page  inserted  after  the  inauguration  of  the  First  President 
we  read  these  beautifully  engrossed  words: 

On  this  Sacred  Volume,  on  the  30th  day  of  April,  A.  L.  5789,  in  the  City 
of  New  York,  was  administered  to  George  Washington,  the  first  President 

[69] 


Chancellor  Livingston  and   Washington  Bible 

of  the  United  States  of  America,  the  oath  to  support  the  Constitution  of 
the  United  States.  This  important  ceremony  was  performed  by  the  Most 
Worshipful  Grand  Master  of  Free  and  Accepted  Masons  of  the  State  of 
New  York,  the  Honorable  Robert  R.  Livingston,  Chancellor  of  the  State. 

"Fame  stretched  her  wings  and  with  her  trumpet  blew, 
'Great  Washington  is  near,  what  praise  is  due  ? 

What  title  shall  he  have'/'     She  paused  and  said: 
'Not  one — his  name  alone  strikes  every  title  dead.' " 

The  Bible  was  carried  in  solemn  procession  in  the  memorial  ser- 
vices held  in  New  York  City  on  the  occasion  of  Washington's  death 
and  has  figured  in  many  civic  and  Masonic  celebrations. 

At  the  exercises  held  in  the  Grand  Lodge  Room,  at  New  York, 
on  November  4th,  1920,  in  commemoration  of  the  168th  Masonic 
Birthday  of  George  Washington,  the  day  (in  1752)  on  which  he  was 
made  a  Mason,  in  Fredericksburg  Lodge,  No.  4,  Virginia,  there 
rested  upon  the  altar,  side  by  side,  the  Washington  Bible  of  St. 
John's  Lodge  and  the  Bible  on  which  the  illustrious  Brother  was 
obligated  a  Mason.  The  latter  Bible  is  in  the  custody  of  Fredericks- 
burg Lodge,  at  Fredericksburg,  Virginia,  and  had  been  brought  to 
New  York  for  the  occasion. 

PRESIDENT    HARDING'S    INAUGURAL    OATH 
It  was  on  the  Washington  Bible  of  St.   John's  Lodge  that  Presi- 
dent Harding,  a  Mason,  took  his  inaugural  oath  of  office  on  March 
4th,   1921.      The  text  which  had  been  chosen  was  the  eighth  verse 
of  the  sixth  chapter  of  the  Prophet  Micah: 

He  hath  shewed  thee,  0  man,  what  is  good  and  what  the  Lord  doth 
require  of  thee,  but  to  do  justly,  and  to  love  mercy,  and  to  walk  humbly 
with  thy  God. 

President  Harding's  hand  rested  upon  the  page  bearing  these 
words,  and  he  sealed  his  oath  of  office  by  touching  the  lines  with 
his  lips. 


[70] 


d 


HEN  a  man  ain't  got  a 
cent,    and    he's    feeling 
kind  o'  blue, 
An'  the  clouds  hang  dark 
and  heavy,  an'  won't  let 
the  sunshine  through; 
It's  a  great  thing,  O  my  brethren,  for 
a  feller  just  to  lay 

His  hand   upon  your  shoulder   in  a 
friendly  sort  o'  way! 

It  makes  a  man  feel  queerish,  it  makes 
the  teardrops  start. 

An'  you  sort  o'  feel  a  flutter  in  the 
region  of  the  heart; 

You  can't  look  up  and  meet  his  eyes; 

you  don't  know  what  to  say, 
When  his  hand  is  on  your  shoulder  in 

a  friendly  sort  o'  way! 

O,  the  world's  a  curious  compound, 
with  its  honey  and  its  gall, 

With  its  care  and  bitter  crosses,  but  a 
good  worl'  after  all; 

An'  a  good  God  must  have  made  it — 
leastways  that  is  what  I  say 

When  a  hand  is  on  my  shoulder  in  a 
friendly  sort  o'  way. 

— James  7 Vb  it  comb  Ri/ev 


a  el 


is 
Si 

IP  51 


ft! 


og^oo 


<*C3 


00-0000    I 


^)5^[^ 


=«&= 


=05^1? 


'€^°° 


°-C3° 


71] 


GEORGE  WASHINGTON 
as  Master  of  his  Lodge 


Washington,  the  Man  and 
the  Mason 


'I 


Nothing  can  be  told,  at  this  late  day,  about  George  Washington 
which  has  not  been  told  before.  He  had  been  portrayed  as  a 
military  genius,  as  a  statesman,  as  the  builder  of  a  nation, 
as  a  patriot,  as  General  and  as  President.  Masonic  writers  have  em- 
phasized his  interest  in  our  fraternity.  Apologists  have  deemed  it 
necessary  to  prove  the  Americanism  of  the  silent,  stately,  modest, 
reverence-inspiring  gentleman  in  knee-breeches,  ruffled  waistcoat, 
powdered  wig  and  the  rest.  In  late  years  we  have  been  made  ac- 
quainted with  him  even  as  a  man  in  all  his  more  intimate  relationships. 
Those  who  care  to  study  his  life  and  character  and  achievements 
have  an  abundance  of  authentic  material  to  draw  upon.  It  is  more 
than  likely  that  he  is  known  better  at  the  present  time,  since  his  most 
private  memoranda  and  correspondence  have  been  published,  than 
he  could  have  been  known  in  his  own  day.  He  certainly  is  more  fully 
revealed  than  he  was  say  thirty  to  sixty  years  ago,  when  he  came 
near  being  removed  altogether  from  the  ranks  of  humanity  and  in 
danger  of  evaporating  into  a  mythical  hero  walking  in  lonely  aureole 
majesty  amidst  blossoming  cherry  orchards,  lifted  beyond  human 
approach  and  human  understanding. 

There  is  practical  agreement  now  that  the  political  independence 
and  final  establishment  of  the  United  States  of  America  were  achieved 
principally  by  the  leadership  of  Washington,  not  only  in  a  military 
sense,  not  only  in  a  constitutional  sense,  but  in  a  higher,  moral, 
patriotic,  spiritual  sense.  Americanism,  thanks  to  the  continued  work- 
ing of  his  fructifying  spirit,  came  to  have  more  than  a  geographical 
meaning  and  to  stand  for  more  than  a  designation  of  nativity.  Amer- 
icanism is  a  principle,  not  a  birthmark.  The  growth  of  the  apprecia- 
tion of  this  significance  in  the  consciousness  of  men,  not  only  on  our 
own  shores  but  throughout  the  world,  had  to  follow  as  an  inevitable 
effect  of  the  spirit  of  Washington  as  lived  by  him  and  as  embodied 
in  the  foundations  of  our  country. 

Not  that  Washington  was  the  only  leader  in  the  establishment  of 

[73] 


9 


-***e>:? 


1 


V@pw 


owneC 

NAME  IN  EVERY  PAIR       ^ 

Whatever  the  ^J 
material — leather 
silk  or  fabric; 
whatever  the 
occasion,  you 
can  depend  on 
the  fit  and  style 
of  Fownes 

fc  LOVES 

FOR  MEN.  WOMEN  &  CHILDREN 


If  you  cannot  secure  them  from  your 
regular  dealer,  kindly  address  us  at 
FOWNES  BROTHERS  and  COMPANY 

Incorporated 

119  WEST  40th  STREET,  NEW  YORK 


£r«*S>, 


:i 


[74] 


Washington,  the  Man  and  the  Mason 


■■I 


American  independence,  not  that  he  was  the  master  builder  of  the 
new  government,  not  that  he  alone  was  the  fountainhead  of  the  prin- 
ciples and  ideals  to  which  the  Republic  was  pledged;  no,  it  was 
because  having  been  made  by  the  suffrages  of  his  countrymen  the 
pilot  that  his  spirit  became  the  dominating  factor  in  the  launching 
of  the  ship  of  state  and  the  guiding  of  its  course  over  the  first  shoals 
and  past, the  hidden  rocks  on  which  had  been  wrecked  many  a  gallant 
vessel  bound  for  the  isles  of  democracy. 

It  was  the  patriot  Washington  who  could  win  and  hold  the  co- 
operation of  such  dissimilar  geniuses  as  Hamilton  and  Jefferson  and 
draw  out  of  them  the  best  that  was  in  them  for  the  strengthening 
of  the  Republic,  it  was  the  man  Washington  who  was  trusted  by  the 
common  people  through  good  and  evil  report — who  taught  the  world 
what  Americanism  means.  He  taught  this  by  his  fearless  stand  for 
justice  and  right,  his  purity  of  purpose,  his  disinterested  zeal  for 
the  honor  of  his  country,  his  noble  humility  and  dignified  manliness 
welded  into  one  substance,  his  reverence  for  the  moral  law,  his  im- 
plicit trust  in  God,  his  faith  in  mankind,  and  the  breath  of  his  sym- 
pathy for  honest  toilers  in  every  walk  of  life.  These  and  others  are 
the  qualities  by  which  he  has  won  the  hearts  of  Americans  of  all 
time. 

We  are  not  concerned  here  with  Washington  as  a  military  leader, 
else  we  should  have  to  study  him  as  the  great  strategist  that  he  was, 
to  speak  of  his  dauntless  courage,  of  his  readiness  to  take  all  risks 
himself  coupled  with  a  firm  unwillingness  to  sacrifice  the  lives  of 
others  recklessly,  and  of  much  else.  Neither  do  we  want  to  refer  to 
the  magnificent  services  rendered  to  his  country  as  a  citizen  and  a 
statesman.  All  we  are  trying  to  pick  out  are  glimpses  here  and  there 
which  show  us  the  man  as  a  man,  and  reveal  traits  that  often  escape 
us  when  we  read  and  hear  about  him  in  his  public  life  and  activities. 

To  be  "first  in  the  hearts  of  his  countrymen,"  a  man  must  be 
human.  Eulogists  of  the  pessimist  type  cannot  grasp  so  simple  a 
fact.  Only  the  super-human,  the  ethereal,  the  Nirvanic — if  there  is 
such  an  adjective— is  to  them  capable  of  stirring  admiration.  Even 
if  they  were  right  in  this,  they  would  still  have  to  show  that  admira- 
tion and  love  are  twin-sisters,  which  they  are  not.  Alexander,  called 
the  Great  because  he  reaped  conquests  for  which  the  genius  of  his 
father  had  prepared  the  way  and  the  means,  was  admired  and  feared 
in  his  time,  and  he  is  still  admired  by  many,  but  he  never  won  the 
love  of  any  people,  least  of  all  his  own  Macedonians.  Washington 
was  loved  by  his  people,  and  no  hero  of  history  is  loved  by  his  people 
as  he  is  now  and  ever  will  be  so  long  as  America  and  freedom  remain 
synonyms  in  the  thoughts  and  hearts  of  patriots. 

Washington  is  admired  for  what  he  did  and  loved  for  what  he  was. 


[75] 


I 


GARFIELD 
NATIONAL   BANK 

Fifth  Avenue  and 
Twenty-third  Street 


*$$& 


<iA 'Depository  of  the  Gjrand  fodge 

Offers  its  Service  also 

to  the  Trustees  of 

the  Affiliated 

Bodies 


"*A  Step  from  the  Temple" 


ic 


[76] 


Washington,  the  Man  and  the  Mason 


■■} 


The  outstanding  trait  of  Washington's  personality  was  his  wonderful 
poise.  He  possessed  this  even  at  the  age  of  twenty-one,  and  the  In- 
dians of  the  frontier  were  so  impressed  by  it  that  they  offered  to  elect 
him  their  chief.  Through  his  whole  life  it  was  this  quality  which 
inspired  the  respect  of  all  who  came  into  his  presence;  it  steadied  the 
people  of  a  continent  in  a  time  of  tumult  and  upheaval. 

Poise  is  a  prize  not  easily  won.  It  belongs  to  the  strong,  the  disci- 
plined, the  men  of  purpose  who  are  sure  of  their  end  and  superior 
to  current  illusions  and  prejudices;  it  belongs  to  conquerors.  .And 
the  conquest  of  which  it  is  the  prize,  is  the  conquest  of  the  passions, 
the  conquest  of  a  volcanic  self.  Washington  was  a  man  of  great 
intensity  of  passion  which  in  his  earlier  years  and  under  unexpected 
stress,  broke  out  now  and  then,  if  but  for  a  moment,  only  to  be 
leashed  again  and  kept  in  leash  as  a  general  rule.  Coupled  with 
magnanimity  and  devoid  of  self-seeking,  poise  is  the  essence  of  leader- 
ship which  draws  sincere  men  to  him  who  possesses  it,  confounds  the 
envious  and  awes  the  weak  who  feel  as  in  the  presence  of  a  god. 

Washington's  physical  appearance  no  doubt  helped  considerably  to 
form  the  impressions  men  carried  with  them  of  his  personality.  He 
was  six  feet  three,  in  his  prime,  of  gallant  figure  and  dignified  car- 
riage. His  athletic  vigor,  his  rugged  complexion,  his  blue,  winning 
eyes  and  firm  and  steady  look  added  their  share.  To  be  sure,  his 
bony  hands  were  those  of  a  backwoodsman,  they  were  large,  very 
large — "the  largest  I  ever  saw  on  any  man,"  observed  La  Fayette. 
When,  in  his  latter  years,  Washington  walked  with  the  small  boy  he 
had  adopted  for  his  son,  the  little  fellow  held  on  to  one  finger  only, 
that  being  all  he  could  manage.  The  stateliness  of  the  man  caused 
people  to  call  him  an  aristocrat,  and  an  aristocrat  he  was:  It  takes 
an  aristocrat  to  make  a  genuine  democrat. 

Washington,  moreover,  was  punctilious  in  dress  and  the  observa- 
tion of  the  niceties  of  social  etiquette,  true  to  the  traditions  of  cul- 
tured Southrons.  While  sincerely  modest  in  heart  and  in  demeanor, 
his  military  training  and  a  fine  sense  of  the  psychology  of  public 
demonstration  of  a  due  respect  for  instituted  official  rank  and  station, 
made  him  inexorable  in  insistence  upon  the  observance  of  proper 
decorum  on  occasions  of  state. 

The  latter  trait  is  illustrated  by  numerous  anecdotes.  There  is  one 
which  is  particularly  striking  and  may  serve  as  an  example.  His 
attitude  was  known  in  Massachusetts.  When  he  visited  Boston,  in 
1789,  he  was  kept  waiting  two  hours  outside  the  city  limits,  mounted 
on  his  white  horse,  while  the  authorities  of  state  and  town  were  debat- 
ing how  to  receive  him  properly.  And  then  something  went  wrong 
in  the  end.  John  Hancock  was  Governor  at  the  time  and  had  requested 
Washington,  for   old   friendship's   sake,  to  waive   the  courtesy  of  a 


[77] 


Washington,  the  Man  and  the  Mason 


first  call  from  him.  Washington  absolutely  refused  to  be  party  to 
any  such  disrespect  for  the  President  of  the  United  States.  Hancock 
pleaded  an  attack  of  the  gout.  The  President's  eloquent  silence 
brought  him  to  his  senses  speedily.  Bundled  up  in  flannels,  as  one 
who  has  just  left  his  sick-bed  and  to  suggest  an  explanation  of  his 
belated  appearance,  he  had  himself  carried  into  the  presence  of 
Washington.  The  dignity  of  the  federal  government  was  upheld. 
The  official  head  of  the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts  paid  homage 
to  the  chief  magistrate  of  the  United  States,  in  approved  republican 
form.  No  precedent  was  established  which  gossips  might  interpret 
as  signifying  a  recognition  of  State  sovereignty  by  the  founder  of 
the  nation. 

Washington's  military  virtue  of  precision  gave  rise  to  many  ludi- 
crous situations.  For  example,  an  equestrian  honor  guard  was  to 
escort  him  from  Massachusetts  to  Connecticut  on  a  certain  day  at 
noon.  At  the  last  stroke  of  high  twelve  Washington  swung  into  his 
saddle  and  started  off,  while  the  proud  honor  guard  was  still  parad- 
ing in  the  streets  of  Boston.  When  the  men  learned  of  his  departure 
they  set  off  in  hot  pursuit  and  barely  caught  up  to  him  before  he 
reached  the  Connecticut  line. 

Punctuality  and  conscientious  attention  to  duty  were  indefeasible 
rules  on  the  farm  at  Mount  Vernon.  The  hired  help  as  well  as  the 
slaves  and  everybody  else  about  the  place  knew  this  well.  Trades- 
men, too,  who  wanted  to  do  business  with  Washington  had  to  learn 
that  absolute  honesty  had  to  be  observed  in  all  dealings  with  him. 
A  contract  once  signed  was  law  and  would  be  enforced  to  the  letter. 
His  success  in  business  was  due  largely  to  these  characteristics, 
coupled  with  farsightedness  and  minute  attention  to  details.  He  kept 
an  accurate  account  of  all  moneys  received  and  paid  out,  not  only  in 
business  but  also  in  household  and  personal  affairs.  Nothing  escaped 
his  watchfulness. 

There  is  a  grim  example  of  the  manner  in  which  note  was  taken  in 
contracts,  all  drawn  up  with  his  own  hand,  with  laborers  and  trades- 
men and  others,  of  the  temperamental  pathology  and  the  anticipated 
lapses  of  these  persons.  It  is  a  contract  with  Philip  Barber,  his  gar- 
dener, which  provided  that  this  party  of  the  second  part  should 
receive  "four  dollars  at  Christmas,  with  which  to  be  drunk  four  days 
and  four  nights;  two  dollars  at  Easter,  to  effect  the  same  purpose; 
two  dollars  at  Whitsuntide,  to  be  drunk  for  two  days;  a  dram  in  the 
morning,  and  a  drink  of  grog  at  dinner,"  the  condition  being  that 
the  party  of  the  second  part  agreed  to  keep  sober  at  all  other  times 
and  serve  his  employer  faithfully,  said  agreement  being  duly  signed 
and  witnessed  in  proper  form. 

Good-natured  humor  and  strict  discipline  went  hand  in  hand  with 


[79] 


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*»» 


? 


/T  761  interesting  to  note 
that  the  corridors  and 
restaurants  of  these  great 
New  York  hotels  present  a 
daily  panorama  in  the  smart- 
ly gowned  women  and  well- 
dressed  men  who  are  their 
guests. 


WALDORF-ASTORIA 

Fifth  Avenue  at  34th  St.,  New  York 


Roy  Carruthers 


Managing  Director 


HOTEL  McALPIN  HOTEL  CLARIDGE 

Broadway  at  34th  St.,  New  York       Broadway  at  44th  St.,  New  York 

Joseph  Carney  ::  : 


Manager        Fred  A.  Reed 


Managing  Director 


HOTEL  WOODSTOCK 

43rd  St.,  E.  of  B'way,  NewYork 


A.  E.  Singleton 


Resident  Manager 


MARTINIQUE 

Broadway  at  32nd  St,,  NewYork 

Frank  E.  Jago       ::       Resident  Manager 


Under  the  direction  0/  L.  M.  Boomer 


*=:<2^= 


H*.V 


=r<*S>: 


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[80] 


Washington,  the  Man  and  the  Mason 


Washington.  If  he  was  exacting  in  the  enforcement  of  agreements  of 
every  kind,  he  was  also  generous  to  a  fault  and  ever  ready  to  relieve 
distress  and  help  the  suffering.  He  had  many  black  pensioners  on 
his  estate.  "Nelson,  the  good  sorrel  who  had  borne  him  so  bravely 
in  the  field  till  Yorktown,"  thereafter  went  "forever  unsaddled,  free 
in  his  own  pasture."  Perhaps  we  ought  to  add  here,  too,  that  Wash- 
ington in  his  testament,  which,  as  might  be  expected,  was  written  in 
his  own  hand,  cancelled  debts  amounting  to  thousands  of  dollars  loaned 
by  him  from  time  to  time  to  all  sorts  of  people  duly  named  to  have 
no  mistake  about  it.  Legacies  are  made  to  many  obscure  persons  who 
for  one  reason  or  other  were  remembered  as  worthy  of  special  tokens 
of  appreciation.  He  also  ordered  that  all  his  slaves  should  be  set 
free. 

Washington,  while  himself  an  example  of  moral  rectitude  and 
manly  purity,  had  no  illusions  about  human  nature.  Perhaps  the 
very  passions  which  he  felt  surging  within  but  would  not  permit  to 
gain  the  mastery,  had  taught  him  to  devise  sternly  reasonable  meas- 
ures of  discipline  for  the  weak-willed  and  the  vicious  among  the 
persons  placed  under  his  authority  and  general  care.  One  of  his 
"general  orders"  to  the  army  contained  these  directions: 

"Let  vice  and  immorality  of  every  kind  be  discouraged.  Gaming 
of  all  sorts  is  expressly  forbidden,  as  being  the  foundation  of  evil 
and  the  cause  of  many,  many  a  brave  and  gallant  officer's  ruin." 

Yet  he  was  not  at  all  pedantic  or  austere;  on  the  contrary,  he 
encouraged  indulgence  in  pleasures  which  made  for  real  sociability. 
As  for  himself,  he  was  fond  of  fox-hunting  and  deer-stalking,  would 
travel  miles  to  see  a  horse-race,  entered  with  zest  into  vigorous 
outdoor  sports,  was  fond  of  music  and  stately  dances,  enjoyed  his 
after-dinner  glass  of  Madeira,  played  a  good  rubber,  and  was  as 
susceptible  to  the  charms  of  the  gentle  sex  as  any  Virginian  and  any 
military  man.  Vulgarity  and  vile  language  he  loathed  and  would 
not  permit  in  his  presence.  On  the  other  hand,  he  liked  to  hear  and 
relate  a  good  story,  and  though  "he  could  not  tell  a  lie"  he  did  say, 
when  speaking  of  his  campaign  experiences,  that  Jersey  mosquitoes 
can  "bite  through  the  thickest  boot." 

Morgan  Lewis,  one  of  the  signers  of  the  Declaration  of  Indepen- 
dence, distinguished  for  military  leadership  in  the  Revolutionary 
War  and  the  War  of  1812,  and  later  for  many  years  Grand  Master 
of  Masons  in  New  York,  shared  the  sleeping  apartment  of  the 
Commander-in-Chief,  for  three  weeks,  about  the  time  of  Burgoyne's 
surrender,  which  gave  him  an  exceptional  opportunity  for  observing 
Washington's  personal  habits,  and  he  relates  that  he  never  saw  the 
General  resting  or  idle,  and,  whether  he  sat  up  late  or  rose  early, 
he  never  saw  Washington  otherwise  than  at  work.     Despite  all  this 


[81] 


Washington,  the  Man  and  the  Mason 


and  an  abundance  of  similar  testimony,  H.  G.  Wells  goes  out  of  his 
way,  in  his  "Outline  of  History,"  to  deliver  himself  of  the  remark 
that  G.  W.  was  "a  conspicuously  indolent  man." 

Somehow  European  writers  are,  as  a  rule,  quite  unable  to  under- 
stand the  modest,  awe-inspiring,  genial,  stern,  courteous,  democratic 
country  gentleman  who  could  organize  a  disunited  lot  of  colonies  into 
a  fighting  unit,  lead  them  to  victory  and  then  weld  them  into  a  nation. 
The  conflicting  qualities  which  go  to  make  up  a  genuine  American  are 
the  despair  of  men  who  do  not  come  in  daily  contact  with  unity  in 
variety.  One  who  does  not  live  Americanism  can  never  understand 
America.  The  British  realized  this  to  their  consternation,  in  1776, 
and  Germany  had  to  experience  a  similar  shock,  in  1917.  And  with- 
out a  knowledge  of  America  no  mortal  living  will  ever  understand 
George  Washington. 

WASHINGTON    AS   A    FREEMASON 

There  is  no  doubt  that  Washington's  debt  to  Masonry  has  been 
overrated  by  many  well  meaning  orators  and  writers  of  our  fraternity. 
On  the  other  hand,  Freemasonry  owes  much  to  him  for  having  evinced, 
to  the  end  of  his  noble  life,  a  sincere  regard  for  its  beneficent  prin- 
ciples and  inspiring  design,  never  hesitating  on  occasion  to  acknowl- 
edge publicly  his  affiliation  with  the  Craft  and  to  endorse  its  professed 
objects,  thereby  establishing  it  in  the  favor  of  American  patriots  and 
lovers  of  justice  and  freedom  everywhere,  and  adding  to  its  former 
glories  the  lustre  of  his  fame.  We  have  spoken  of  him  as  a  man.  The 
qualities  of  his  personality  mark  him  as  an  exemplar  of  Freemasonry 
at  its  best:  his  religiousness,  the  purity  of  his  moral  conduct,  the 
unselfishness  of  his  motives,  his  honorable  dealings  with  all  men,  his 
patriotism,  his  untiring  zeal  in  promoting  the  happiness  of  mankind, 
his  love  of  freedom,  his  tolerant  spirit,  and  his  unswerving  loyalty 
to  truth  and  justice. 

Washington  was  made  a  Mason  in  Fredericksburg  Lodge,  No.  4, 
in  Virginia,  on  November  4th,  1752,  when  he  was  twenty  years  of 
age.  He  was  "passed  a  Fellow  Craft"  on  March  3d,  1753,  and  five 
months  later,  on  August  4th,  was  "raised  Master  Mason."  On  Decem- 
ber 28th,  1778,  while  in  Philadelphia,  he  marched  in  the  St.  John's 
Day  procession  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Pennsylvania,  and  attended 
the  Masonic  service  held  in  Christ  Church. 

During  the  Revolutionary  War  he  visited  lodges,  as  occasion  offered, 
and  attended  Masonic  celebrations  of  the  festivals  of  St.  John  Baptist 
and  St.  John  Evangelist  with  American  Union  Lodge,  in  1779,  at  the 
Robinson  House,  opposite  West  Point  on  the  Hudson,  in  our  own 
State,  and  at  Morristown,  in  New  Jersey.  His  name  appears  in  the 
list  of  visitors  who  honored   Solomon's   Lodge,   at  Poughkeepsie,  by 

[83] 


r.o^ 


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-=^^>i 


COMMERCIAL 
POSTERS 

WITH  REAL 
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K<2^ 


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84  ] 


Washington,  the  Man  and  the  Mason 


their  presence,  on  December  27th,  1782.  In  the  summer  of  1785,  he 
celebrated  St.  John  Baptist  Day  with  the  brethren  of  the  Lodge  at 
Alexandria,  Virginia.  Three  years  later  he  became  Master  of  this 
lodge  and  continued  to  preside  over  its  activities  until  he  was  inaugu- 
rated President  of  United  States.  The  story  of  how  he  took  his 
inaugural  oath  on  the  Bible  of  St.  John's  Lodge,  No.  1,  of  New  York 
City,  has  been  told  so  often  that  the  mere  record  of  the  fact  would 
seem  to  be  sufficient  for  our  present  purpose.  (It  was  on  this  same 
priceless  treasure  of  No.  1  that  President  Harding  was  sworn  in  as 
President  in  1920.) 

The  cornerstone  of  the  United  States  Capitol  at  Washington,  D.  C, ' 
was  laid  in  Masonic  ceremonial  form  by  President  Washington  on 
September  18th,  1793,  wearing  on  this  occasion  the  apron  made  for 
him  by  the  Marquise  de  La  Fayette,  the  precious  gift  to  which  refer- 
ence is  made  on  page  97.  The  privilege  of  conducting  the  exercises 
had  been  according  to  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Maryland.  Alexandria 
Lodge,  of  Virginia,  attended  by  invitation  and  took  pride  in  having 
its  former  Master  perform  the  work  assigned  to  him.  The  trowel 
used  by  Washington  on  this  memorable  occasion  is  one  of  the  many 
treasures  of  the  lodge,  now  called  Alexandria  Washington.  The  gavel 
wielded  by  the  Grand  Master  of  Maryland  was  presented  to  Washing- 
ton and  bequeathed  by  him  to  the  lodge  now  known  as  Potomac,  No.  5, 
District  of  Columbia. 

The  story  of  Washington's  interest  in  Masonry  and  his  love  for 
his  own  lodge,  Alexandria,  might  be  extended  considerably.  Enough 
has  been  told  to  make  clear  that  he  was  an  active  member  of  the 
fraternity  and  glad  to  serve  it  in  any  way  within  his  power.  How 
greatly  he  appreciated  the  possibilities  of  its  power  for  good  in  the 
life  of  the  new-born  Republic  is  set  forth  most  eloquently  in  the  many 
letters  written  by  his  hand  in  which  this  subject  is  touched  upon. 
Brother  Julius  F.  Sachse,  the  distinguished  Librarian  of  the  Grand 
Lodge  of  Pennsylvania,  has  published  a  collection  of  duly  authenti- 
cated letters  of  this  sort,  in  a  noteworthy  volume  entitled  "Masonic 
Correspondence  of  Washington,"  from  which  the  following  excerpts 
are  taken. 

To  an  address  of  welcome  to  Rhode  Island,  presented  to  him  by  a 
lodge  composed  of  Jewish  brethren,  King  David,  No.  1,  which  origi- 
nally had  been  located  in  the  city  of  New  York  and  later  made  its 
home  at  Newport,  he  wrote,  in  August,  1790: 

"Being  persuaded  thai  a  just  application  of  the  principles  on  which  the 
Masonic  Fraternity  is  founded  must  be  promotive  of  private  virtue  and 
public  prosperity,  I  shall  always  be  happy  to  advance  the  interests  of  the 
Society,  and   to  be  considered   by  them   a   deserving  brother." 

[85] 


SCgva  ^gg) 


I 


The 
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General  Contractors  for  the 

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[86] 


y« 


Washington,  the  Man  and  the  Mason 


I 


To  the  Grand  Lodge  of  South  Carolina,  A.  G.  M.,  in  May,  1791: 

"Your  sentiments,  on. the  establishment  and  exercise  of  our  equal  govern- 
ment, are  worthy  of  an  association  whose  principles  lead  to  purity  of 
morals  and  are  beneficial  in  action. 

"The  fabric  of  our  freedom  is  placed  on  the  enduring  basis  of  public 
virtue,  and  will,  I  fondly  hope,  long  continue  to  protect  the  prosperity  of 
the  architects  who  raised  it.  I  shall  be  happy,  on  every  occasion,  to  evince 
my  regard  for  the  Fraternity." 

To  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  in  1792 : 

"Flattering  as  it  may  be  to  the  human  mind,  and  truly  honorable  as 
it  is  to  receive  from  our  fellow  citizens  testimonies  of  approbation  for 
exertions  to  promote  the  public  welfare,  it  is  not  less  pleasing  to  know 
that  the  milder  virtues  of  the  heart  are  highly  respected  by  a  Society 
whose  liberal  principles  must  be  founded  in  the  immutable  laws  of  truth 
and  justice. 

"To  enlarge  the  sphere  of  social  happiness  is  worthy  the  benevolent 
design  of  a  Masonic  institution;  and  it  is  most  fervently  to  be  wished  that 
the  conduct  of  every  member  of  the  Fraternity,  as  well  as  those  publications 
that  discover  the  principles  which  actuate  them,  may  tend  to  convince 
mankind  that  the  grand  object  of  Masonry  is  to  promote  the  happiness  of 
the  human  race." 

To  the  Brothers  of  Ancient  York  Masons,  No.  22: 

"While  my  heart  acknowledges  with  brotherly  love  your  affectionate 
congratulations  on  my  retirement  from  the  arduous  toils  of  past  years, 
my  gratitude  is  no  less  excited  by  your  kind  wishes  for  my  future  happi- 
ness. If  it  has  pleased  the  Supreme  Architect  of  the  Universe  to  make  me 
an  humble  instrument  to  promote  the  welfare  and  happiness  of  my  fellow- 
men,  my  exertions  have  been  abundantly  recompensed  by  the  kind  partiality 
with  which  they  have  been  received.  And  the  assurances  you  give  me 
of  your  belief  that  I  have  acted  on  the  Square  in  my  public  capacity,  will 
be  among  my  principal  enjoyments  in  this  Terrestrial  Lodge." 

To  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Pennsylvania,  in  1796: 

"To  have  been,  in  any  degree,  an  instrument  in  the  hands  of  Providence 
to  promote  order  and  union,  and  erect  upon  a  solid  foundation  the  true 
principles  of  government,  is  only  to  have  shared  with  many  others  in  a 
labor  the  results  of  which,  let  us  hope,  will  prove  through  all  ages  a 
sanctuary  for  brothers  and  a  lodge  for  the  virtues." 

Extract  from  a  letter  to  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Maryland,  in  1798: 

"So  far  as  I  am  acquainted  with  the  principles  and  doctrines  of  Free- 
masonry, I  conceive  it  to  be  founded  in  benevolence  and  to  be  exercised 
only  for  the  good  of  mankind." 

[87] 


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'Q**  ^-^e)?? 


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[88] 


Washington,  the  Man  and  the  Mason 


WASHINGTON    THE    BELOVED 

The  deeper  source  of  Washington's  greatness  as  a  man,  the  source 
from  which  flowed  all  the  qualities  for  which  the  common  people 
trusted  and  loved  him,  through  good  and  evil  report,  was  his  sincere 
religiousness.  Never  called  by  just  this  name,  it  was  felt  as  the 
essence  of  his  life.  Never  obtruding  and  yet  never  hidden,  seldom 
expressed  in  canonical  phrase  and  yet  often  revealed  in  the  overtones 
of  what  he  said  and  did  even  in  momentary  wrath,  always  sustaining 
him  in  trial  and  ever  drawing  right-minded  men  to  him  and  renewing 
their  courage  and  their  hope  in  the  triumph  of  justice — his  religious- 
ness made  him  the  invincible  leader  in  a  righteous  cause,  a  tower  of 
strength  in  a  time  of  turmoil,  an  instrument  of  the  Almighty,  as  he 
himself  acknowledges  with  humility,  to  promote  the  welfare  and 
happiness  of  his  fellowmen. 

We  are  on  holy  ground  and  must  not  essay  to  lift  the  veil  of  the 
sanctuary  of  the  soul.  His  letters  to  a  lodge  of  "Ancient  York 
Masons"  and  to  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Pennsylvania  reveal  the  thought. 
Another  glimpse  of  his  faith  in  God's  guidance  of  the  just  affairs  of 
men  is  afforded  in  a  letter  to  General  Schuyler,  in  which  he  says: 

"That  invisible  hand  which  has  so  often  interposed  to  save  our  country 
from  impending  destruction  seems  in  no  instance  to  have  been  more  remark- 
ably exerted  than  in  that  of  disposing  the  people  of  this  extensive  continent 
to  adopt,  in  a  peaceful  manner,  the  constitution,  which,  if  well  adminis- 
tered, bids  fair  to  make  America  a  happy  nation." 

We  know  that  Washington  was  a  churchman  and  a  constant  atten- 
dant at  divine  service  throughout  his  life.  He  served  as  vestryman 
in  two  neighboring  parishes,  had  his  pew  in  Christ  Church  at  Alex- 
andria, at  St.  Paul's  while  in  New  York,  and  at  Christ  Church  in 
Philadelphia. 

He  had  no  patience  with  bigotry.  Exhibitions  of  ill  feeling  between 
Protestants  and  Catholics  distressed  him,  as  did  the  jarring  quarrels 
between  contending  sects.  In  a  letter  to  a  friend  he  gave  vent  to  his 
feelings  in  these  words: 

"Of  all  the  animosities  which  have  existed  among  mankind,  those  which 
are  caused  by  difference  of  sentiments  in  religion  appear  to  be  the  most 
inveterate  and  distressing,  and  ought  most  to  be  deprecated.  I  was  in 
hopes  that  the  lightened  and  liberal  policy  which  has  marked  the  present 
age  would  have  at  least  reconciled  Christians  of  every  denomination  so 
far  that  we  should  never  again  see  these  religious  disputes  carried  to  such 
a  pitch  as  to  endanger  the  peace  of  society." 

How  profoundly  he  respected  the  religious  convictions  of  sincere 
men  is  evidenced  by  numerous  utterances. 

[89] 


BENJAMIN    FRANKLIN 

Past  Grand  Master  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Pennsylvania.    Born  at  Boston, 
January  17,  1706;  died  at  Philadelphia,  April  17,  1790. 


*     Benjamin  Franklin 

FRANKLIN  was  the  most  all-round,  useful  patriot  of  his  day 
and  generation  and  is  the  foremost  exemplar  of  rugged,  clear- 
sighted, practical  Americanism  of  all  time.  Scientist,  inventor, 
business-man,  writer  of  homely  phrase,  diplomat,  statesman,  patriot 
—  the  printer-philosopher  combined,  in  his  versatility  of  talent  and 
his  astonishing  range  of  achievement,  all  that  we  are  wont  to  attach 
to  the  names  of  Newton,  Edison,  Elbert  Hubbard,  Dickens,  Lloyd 
George,  Thomas  Jefferson  and  Abraham  Lincoln.  Posterity  will 
ever  be  his  debtor  of  his  helpful,  kindly,  enduring  moral  leadership 
which  interpreted  American  character  to  the  world  and  won  for  it 
the  admiration  of  the  lovers  of  freedom  wheresoever  dispersed. 

As  Masons  we  take  peculiar  pride  in  Franklin's  unflagging  active 
interest  in  the  affairs  of  the  Fraternity.  The  evidences  of  this  inter- 
est are  incontestable.  Aside  from  the  records  of  Lodges  and  Grand 
Lodges,  we  have  entries  by  his  own  hand  in  his  records  of  accounts, 
minutes  of  meetings,  letters,  etc. 

He  was  initiated  in  St.  John's  Lodge,  at  the  Tun  Tavern,  Philadel- 
phia, in  1731,  which  met  both  as  a  Lodge  and  as  a  Grand  Lodge, 
being  of  "immemorial"  origin.  The  following  year,  he  was  appointed 
Junior  Grand  Warden,  and  he  became  Grand  Master  in  1734. 

The  Anderson  Constitutions,  reprinted  by  Franklin,  proved  most 
helpful  to  the  dissemination  of  Freemasonry  in  the  American  colonies. 
The  publication  was  known  as  the  "Mason  Book"  and  bore  this  expla- 
nation, under  the  title: 

LONDON  Printed;   Anno  5723 
Re-printed  in  Philadelphia  by  special  Order,  for  the  Use  of  the  Brethren 
in  North- America. 

In   the   Year   of   Masonry    5734,   Anno   Domini    1734 

Franklin  served  as  Secretary  of  his  Lodge  from  1735  to  1738.  In  a 
letter  to  his  father,  trying  to  set  at  rest  "some  uneasiness,"  felt  by 
his  mother,  with  regard  to  his  Masonic  activities,  he  wrote: 

"I  must  entreat  her  to  suspend  her  judgment  until  she  is  better  informed, 
unless  she  will  believe  me  when  I  assure  her  that  they   [the  Freemasons] 

[91] 


Benjamin  Franklin 


are  in  general  a  very  harmless  sort  of  people,  and  have  no   principles  or 
practices  that  are  inconsistent  with  religion  and  good  manners." 

On  May  25,  1743,  we  find  him  recorded  as  a  visitor  in  First  Lodge 
(St.  John's)  at  Boston,  presided  over  by  "Rt.  Worship'l  Bro:  H:  Price 
M.  pro:" 

In  1749,  he  was  appointed  Provincial  Grand  Master  for  Pennsyl- 
vania, by  Thomas  Oxnard,  of  Boston,  who  had  been  accredited  as 
Provincial  Grand  Master  for  North  America,  by  the  Grand  Master 
of  England.  It  was  during  his  term  as  Provincial  Grand  Master 
that  Franklin  published  his  "Proposals  relating  to  the  Education  of 
Youth  in  Pennsylvania,"  which  led  to  the  later  development  of  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania. 

The  following  year,  William  Allen,  Recorder  of  the  City  of  Phila- 
delphia, and,  later,  Chief  Justice  of  the  Province,  was  commissioned 
as  Provincial  Grand  Master  by  the  Grand  Master  of  England.  Frank- 
lin became  Deputy  Grand  Master,  and  continued  in  this  office  for 
several  years. 

In  1754,  Franklin  presented,  at  a  Conference  on  Indian  Affairs,  in 
Albany,  a  widely  discussed  plan  for  the  union  of  all  colonies  under 
one  government.  This  plan  was  in  substance  a  development  of  the 
remarkable  propositions  outlined  by  Daniel  Coxe,  the  first  Provincial 
Grand  Master  appointed  for  New  York,  New  Jersey  and  Pennsylvania, 
which  are  described  in  another  part  of  this  volume. 

The  story  of  Franklin's  connection  with  the  famous  Lodge  Les  Neuf 
Soeura,  (Nine  Sisters;  i.  e.,  The  Nine  Muses),  at  Paris,  would  make 
an  interesting  chapter  by  itself.  He  became  a  member,  in  1777,  and, 
in  1782,  was  elected  Master.  He  was  present  at  the  initiation  of 
Voltaire.  This  Lodge  was  composed  of  scientists,  artists  and  writers 
and  counted  among  its  members  many  famous  men. 

Franklin  left  France  for  the  United  States,  in  September,  1785, 
after  eight  and  a  half  years  of  the  most  valuable  diplomatic  service 
ever  rendered  by  any  man  to  his  native  country.  Six  months  later, 
as  token  of  its  homage,  the  Lodge  offered  two  gold  medals  as  prizes 
to  be  competed  for  by  members;  one  for  a  prose  eulogy,  the  other  for 
an  allegoric  design  symbolizing  "the  service  rendered  by  Benjamin 
Franklin  to  science  and  to  the  freedom  of  America." 

While  the  world  at  large  pays  deserved  reverence  to  the  memory 
of  Franklin,  the  incorruptible  and  plain  spoken  apostle  of  virtue  and 
freedom,  and  honors  him  for  his  labors  for  the  greater  happiness  of 
mankind  Masons  owe  him  additional  gratitude  for  the  lustre  which 
his  active  connection  with  it  has  shed  upon  their  time-honored  fra- 
ternity of  which  he  is  a  chief  exemplar. 

[92  1 


TO-DAY 


) 


I'VE  shut  the  door  on  yesterday — 
Its  sorrows  and  mistakes; 
Fve  locked  within  its  gloomy  walls 
Past  failures  and  heartaches. 
And  now  I  throw  the  key  away 

To  seek  another  room, 
And  furnish  it  with  hope  and  smiles 
And  every  Springtime  bloom. 

No  thought  shall  enter  this  abode 

That  has  a  hint  of  pain, 
And  Envy,  Malice  and  Distrust 

Shall  never  entrance  gain. 
IVe  shut  the  door  of  yesterday 

And  thrown  the  key  away- 
To-morrow  holds  no  fears  for  me, 

Since  I  have  found  to-day. 

Vivian  Yeiser  Lara  more. 


[93] 


'^^&fr- 


f^JTTS 


The  Marquis  de  La  Fayette 

LA  Fayette  was  made  a  Mason  in  an  American  Army  Lodge, 
about  1778.  Later  he  was  exalted  in  Jerusalem  Chapter  No.  8, 
J  Royal  Arch  Masons,  and  knighted  in  Columbian  Commandery, 
No.  1,  Knights  Templar;  both  in  New  York  City.  How  profoundly 
he  had  been  impressed  with  the  basic  principles  of  the  Fraternity  and 
how  thoroughly  he  had  made  these  his  own,  is  illustrated  throughout 
his  noble  life,  and  more  especially  by  his  heroic  defense  of  the  con- 
stitutional freedom  of  France  against  both  despotic  royalism  and 
terrorist  demagogism.  His  fortitude  could  not  be  broken  by  material 
deprivations  and  personal  sufferings. 

La  Fayette,  or  Lafayette,*  was  born  in  the  Auvergne,  in  France,  on 
September  6th,  1757.  While  in  Germany,  he  heard  the  Duke  of 
Gloucester,  brother  to  the  King  of  England,  tell  of  the  Declaration 
of  Independence  and  the  rebellion  of  the  American  Colonies.  The 
thought  of  a  people  fighting  from  lofty  motives  for  freedom  and  inde- 
pendence stirred  his  youthful  heart,  and  he  decided  then  and  there 
to  follow  his  impulse  and  join  the  American  military  forces  as  a 
volunteer.  He  returned  to  Paris,  won  his  young  wife  for  his  plans 
and  obtained  the  consent  of  the  court  for  his  departure.  His  enthu- 
siasm was  such  that  the  Count  Maurepas  exclaimed  (as  quoted  by 
Lossing),  "It  is  fortunate  that  La  Fayette  does  not  take  it  into  his 
head  to  strip  Versailles  of  its  furniture  to  send  to  his  beloved  Ameri- 
cans, as  His  Majesty  would  be  unable  to  refuse  it." 

La  Fayette  crossed  the  Atlantic,  landed  at  Charleston,  South  Caro- 
lina, and  spent  the  first  night  in  the  home  of  the  patriot  Huger,  whose 
son  was  to  render  him  a  signal  service  in  later  years.  He  then  pro- 
ceeded to  Philadelphia  and  offered  his  services  to  Washington.  This 
was  in  1777,  and  La  Fayette  was  about  twenty  years  old.  Washington, 
with  his  keen  intuition,  recognized  at  once  the  exceptional  worth  of 
the  noble  youth  whom  he  took  to  his  bosom  and  cherished  as  friend 
to  the  end  of  his  life. 

La  Fayette  was  given  the  rank  of  Major-General.  His  thoughtful- 
ness  of  the  needs  of  the  soldiers  manifested  itself  in  many  ways. 
Thus,  for  example,  he  presented  swords  to  the  cavalry  corps  and, 


*  Marie    Jean    Paul    Roch    Yves    Gilbert    Motier,    Marquis    de    La    Fayette. 

[95] 


?C(gva  «^5);» 


Smart  Clothes 


The  Finest  There  Is, 
Was  and  Ever  Will  Be 

/  om petition  in  price  abounds,  but 
competition  in  quality  leaves  us  feel- 
ing lonesome.  We  didn't  start  out  to  be 
the  biggest  clothiers  in  town,  but  we  are 
finding  out  that  being  the  best  clothiers 
leads    unfailingly   to    being    the    biggest. 


WILLARD  &  McNALLY 

123  GENESEE  STREET 

PHONE    4787 

UTICA,  N.  Y. 


If  you'll  only  compare,  you'll  surely  come  here! 


ft 


[96] 


V 


The  Marquis  de  La  Fayette 


when  he  heard  that,  owing  to  the  complete  failure  of  Congress  to 
provide  an  efficient  commissary  department,  the  brave  volunteers  at 
Valley  Forge  were  left  barefoot  in  the  midst  of  a  rigorous  winter,  he 
furnished  the  sufferers  with  shoes.  His  strategic  skill  and  inspiring 
leadership  quickly  won  him  the  confidence  of  the  American  patriots. 
He  participated  in  several  important  engagements,  notably  at  Brandy- 
wine,  Monmouth  and  Yorktown.  In  1779,  he  was  sent  on  a  diplomatic 
mission  to  France.  He  was  present  at  the  surrender  of  Cornwallis, 
in  1781.  The  object  of  the  Revolution  having  been  accomplished,  he 
returned  to  his  home,  there  to  be  of  further  important  service  to  the 
young  American  republic. 

On  August  4th,  1784,  La  Fayette  arrived  again  in  America,  landing 
at  New  York,  where  grateful  citizens  gave  him  a  hearty  welcome. 
His  intention  was  to  proceed  at  once  to  Washington's  home  at  Mount 
Vernon,  but  Philadelphia,  Baltimore  and  other  places  on  his  route 
detained  him  to  give  testimony  of  their  affection  for  him.  He  spent 
twelve  days  at  Mount  Vernon. 

There  is  connected  with  La  Fayette's  visit  to  George  Washington 
a  pleasing  incident  which  throws  a  significant  sidelight  on  the  inti- 
mate relationships  of  the  two  men  as  friends  and  Freemasons.  La 
Fayette  brought  with  him  a  gift  which  he  knew  his  revered  Com- 
mander would  value  both  for  what  it  represented  in  itself  and  for 
the  thoughtfulness  and  love  of  the  donor.  It  was  a  beautiful  Masonic 
apron  of  white  satin.  The  story  of  it  has  been  told  so  delightfully  by 
Benson  John  Lossing,  who  is  an  excellent  authority  in  everything 
touching  the  personal  side  of  the  life  of  Washington,  that  I  shall 
quote  it  exactly  as  it  stands: 

"There  was  a  bond  of  union,  of  peculiar  strength,  between  Washington 
and  La  Fayette  other  than  that  of  mere  personal  friendship.  They  were 
members  of  the  fraternity  of  Free  and  Accepted  Masons,  and  both  loved 
the  mystic  brotherhood  sincerely.  Madame  La  Fayette  was  deeply  inter- 
ested in  everything  that  engaged  the  attention  of  her  husband;  and  she 
had  learned  to  reverence  Washington  with  a  feeling  closely  allied  to  that 
of  devotion.  She  had  corresponded  with  him,  and  received  from  him  cor- 
dial invitations  to  the  simple  delights  of  rural  life  at  Mount  Vernon.  She 
had,  no  doubt,  earnestly  desired  to  present  some  visible  testimonial  of  her 
regard  to  the  great  patriot  of  the  New  World;  and  when  her  husband 
resolved  to  visit  him  in  his  retirement  at  Mount  Vernon,  she  prepared, 
with  her  own  hands,  an  apron  of  white  satin,  upon  which  she  wrought, 
in  needlework,  the  various  emblems  of  the  Masonic  order.  This  apron 
La  Fayette  brought  with  him,  and  presented  to  his  distinguished  brother 
at  Mount  Vernon." 

After  the  death  of  Washington,  the  legatees  presented  the  apron 
to  the  Washington  Benevolent  Society,  which,  in  turn,  passed  it  on 


*?, 


'6** 


I 


®tjp  (Earn  lExrijangr  lank 


1 


William  and  Beaver  Streets 


New  York  City 


CAPITAL  AND  SURPLUS 
NET  DEPOSITS 


$18,000,000 
I  80,000,000 


Branches. 


Astor  Place  Branch 

Astor   Place   and   Eighth   Street 

Astoria    Branch 

75    Fulton    Ave.,    Astoria, 
Borough   of   Queens 

Audubon  Branch 

Broadway    and    166th    Street 

Broadway  Branch 

Broadway   and    Spring    Street 

Bronx   Branch 

375  East  149th  Street 

Brooklyn  Branch 

Court    and    Joralemon    Streets, 
Brooklyn 
Burnside  Avenue  Branch 

Burnslde  and  Jerome  Avenues 

Chatham  Square  Branch 

Park  Row  and  Worth  Street 

Dyckman  Branch 

207th  Street  and  Post  Avenue 

East  Side  Branch 

Norfolk  and  Grand   Streets 

Eighty-sixth  Street  Branch 

126  East  86th  Street 
Eleventh  Ward  Branch 

Avenue   D  and   10th   Street 

Fifth  Avenue  Branch 

Fifth  Avenue  and   20th  Street 

Fifty-fifth  Street  Branch 

55th   Street   and    Broadway 
Flatbush  Avenue  Branch 

19   and   21   Flatbush  Avenue, 
Brooklyn 

Flushing:  Branch 

116    Main    Street,    Flushing, 
Borough  of  Queens 
Fordham  Branch 

Fordham   Rd.    and   Decatur   Ave. 

Forest  Hills  Branch 
Forest  Hills,   L.   I. 
Fortv-secoiid  Street  Branch 

303   West   42d   Street 

Fourth  Avenue   Branch 

Fourth   Avenue   and   29th  Street 

Fulton   Branch 

N.E.    cor.    Fulton   and   Pearl    Sts. 

Grand  Central  Branch 

7  East  42d  Street 

Greenpoint  Branch 

Greenpoint  and   Manhattan   Ave- 
nues,  Brooklyn 

Harlem  Branch 

125th  Street  and   Lenox  Avenue 


St., 


St. 


Hudson  River  Branch 

Columbus  Avenue  and  72d  Street 

Lexington  Branch 

Lexington  Avenue   and   60th  St. 

McKinley  Square  Branch 

1309   Clinton  Avenue 

Mount  Morris  Branch 

125th  Street  and  Park  Avenue 

Myrtle  Avenue  Branch 

Myrtle    Avenue    and    Broadway, 
Brooklyn 
One   Hundred   and    Eighty-first 
Street  Branch 

St.   Nicholas  Ave.   and   181st   St. 

Park  Avenue   Branch 

Northwest    corner    Park    Avenue 
and     52d     Street,     Racquet     and 
Tennis  Club  Buildnig 
Pennsylvania   Station  Branch 

Seventh    Avenue    and    33d   Street 

Plaza  Branch 

Bridge    Plaza   and   Academy 
Borough  of  Queens 

Queens  County  Branch 

Jackson  Avenue  and  Fourth 
Borough  of  Queens 

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72d    St.    and    Lexington    Ave. 

Sheridan  Square  Branch 

Grove  and  West  Fourth  Streets 

South  Brooklyn   Branch 

Hamilton     Avenue    and    Summit 
Street,    Brooklyn 

Staten  Island  Branch 

New  Brighton,  Staten  Island 
Steinway  Avenue  Branch 

252     Steinway     Avenue,     Astoria, 

E^orough  of  Queens 
Terminal  Branch 

Dey  and   Church  Streets 
Tremont  Branch 

Tremont   and    Arthur    Avenues 
rwenty-eig-hth   Street  Branch 

12   West  28th   Street 
Union   Square   Branch 

34   Union  Square,   East 
University  Branch 

Broadway  and   113th  Street 
Washington  Branch 

Broadway  and   Murray  Street 
AVashington  Heights  Branch 

Amsterdam   Ave.   and   143d   St. 


tt 


Qjr*= 


^sS)5S 


[98] 


The  Marquis  de  La  Fayette 


to  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Pennsylvania,  in  whose  possession  it  has 
remained  ever  since. 

After  Washington  had  been  inaugurated  as  the  first  President  of 
the  United  States,  the  Marchioness  de  Brienne  painted  on  a  copper 
medallion  the  profiles  of  Washington  and  La  Fayette.  Both  profiles 
are  considered  lifelike  and  the  original  painting  was  valued  highly 
by  Washington,  to  whom  it  was  presented. 

La  Fayette  had  returned  to  his  native  country  and  soon  became 
identified  with  the  struggle  for  freedom  from  the  despotism  of  the 
French  court.  He  became  a  member  of  the  States  General,  in  1789, 
and  was  elected  commander-in-chief  of  the  National  Guard  by  the 
National  Assembly.  The  key  of  the  demolished  Bastile  was  handed 
to  him  and  he  sent  it  as  a  gift  to  his  friend  and  brother,  George 
Washington,  who  received  it  at  Philadelphia  in  1790,  and  took  it  with 
him  to  Mount  Vernon.  The  key  was  accompanied  by  a  drawing  of 
the  hated  prison  fortress  and  a  letter  in  which  La  Fayette  wrote: 

"Give  me  leave,  my  dear  general,  to  present  you  with  a  picture  of  the 
Ba9tile,  just  as  it  looked  a  few  days  after  I  ordered  its  demolition,  with 
the  main  key  of  the  fortress  of  despotism.  It  is  a  tribute  which  I  owe 
as  a  son  to  my  adopted  father — as  an  aide-de-camp  to  my  general — as  a 
missionary  of  liberty  to  its  patriarch." 

True  to  his  Masonic  teachings,  La  Fayette  set  himself  resolutely 
against  the  spread  of  anarchism  and  inhumanity,  and  sought  to  place 
the  new  government  on  a  sound  constitutional  basis  of  liberty  and 
justice.  He  opposed  the  terrorist  Jacobins  as  firmly  as  he  had  opposed 
the  despotism  of  the  former  government,  and,  as  a  result,  he  was 
compelled  to  leave  France,  in  1792.  He  intended  to  sail  for  America, 
but  was  captured  by  Austrians.  At  the  instigation  of  Prussia,  which 
feared  his  influence  as  a  "missionary  of  liberty,"  he  was  sent  to  the 
dungeon  at  Olmutz,  where  he  was  kept  in  close  confinement.  Great 
as  were  his  sufferings,  his  noble  soul  did  not  lose  its  passion  for  the 
liberty  of  men.  When  "by  a  miracle"  he  got  possession  of  a  single 
sheet  of  paper  he  wrote  to  a  friend,  with  a  toothpick,  a  letter  closing 
with  these  words: 

"I  know  not  what  disposition  has  been  made  of  my  plantation  at  Cay- 
enne, but  I  hope  Madame  La  Fayette  will  take  care  that  the  negroes  who 
cultivate  it  shall  preserve  their  liberty." 

Madame  La  Fayette,  meanwhile,  was  imprisoned  in  Paris  by  the 
Terrorists.  As  soon  as  she  was  released,  after  the  downfall  of  Robes- 
pierre, she  sent  her  son,  George  Washington  La  Fayette,  to  the 
United  States,  with  a  tutor,  and  with  her  three  daughters  went  to 
Vienna  and  obtained  permission  from  the  Austrian  Emperor  to  share 
the  prison  with  her  husband. 


[99] 


K(s^ 


=**o):z 


I 


M 


ASONIC 
ACOY 


When  in  need  o f 
"Things  Masonic" 
you  instinctively  think 
of  "Macoys"  -For  70 
years  the  recognized 
Headquarters  for 
Masonic  Publications, 
Lodge  Supplies,  Jewel- 
ry, Aprons,  Regalia, 
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O.E.S.  Supplies 


Hubert  Macoy,  $3°  Author  and  Publisher 

MACOY  PUBLISHING  AND  MASONIC 
SUPPLY  COMPANY 

45  JOHN  STREET  -  -  NEW  YORK 


Southern 
Phosphate  Corporation 


96  WALL  STREET 
NEW  YORK  CITY 


K 


,<2^e 


=K^S>, 


i 


A 


[  100 


The  Marquis  de  La  Lafayette 


A  few  years  before  Madame  La  Fayette's  arrival  at  Olmutz,  Colonel 
Francis  E.  Huger,  of  South  Carolina,  had  made  a  bold  attempt  to 
rescue  La  Fayette  from  his  prison,  aided  by  a  Dr.  Bollmon,  of  Vienna, 
who  was  a  Mason.  La  Fayette  was  recaptured  and  subjected  to 
more  rigorous  privations  to  prevent  future  chances  for  escape.  The 
English  government,  as  well  as  George  Washington,  asked  the  Aus- 
trian Emperor  for  his  release,  but  without  avail.  In  1797,  Napoleon 
Bonaparte,  who  was  then  in  command  of  the  victorious  French  army 
in  Italy,  and  had  inflicted  crushing  defeats  upon  the  Austrians,  de- 
manded preemptorily  the  release  of  La  Fayette,  and  this  demand  was 
finally  complied  with  on  the  25th  of  August  in  that  year. 

After  sojourning  two  years  in  Holstein,  La  Fayette  returned  to  his 
chateau  near  Paris  with  his  devoted  wife  and  daughters.  In  1803 
President  Jefferson  invited  him  to  become  the  governor  of  the  newly 
purchased  territory  of  Louisiana,  but  he  declined  the  flattering  offer, 
preferring  to  stay  in  France  and  guard  to  the  best  of  his  abilities 
the  constitutional  liberty  of  the  young  republic. 

As  the  years  passed  on  the  wish  ripened  to  revisit  the  United  States 
and  to  see  once  more  the  country  he  had  helped  to  make  free.  At 
last,  in  1824,  he  embarked  on  the  Cadmus  and  landed  on  Staten  Island, 
in  New  York  Bay,  on  the  15th  of  August,  after  an  absence  of  thirty- 
nine  years,  accompanied  by  his  son  and  secretary.  He  passed  the 
first  night  at  the  home  of  Daniel  D.  Tompkins,  Vice-President  of  the 
United  States  and  a  Past  Grand  Master  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  New 
York.  On  the  next  day  he  was  conveyed  to  the  Battery  to  receive 
the  greetings  of  the  city  of  New  York. 

La  Fayette  knew  that  the  great  Washington  had  passed  away  and 
that  only  few  of  his  old  friends-in-arms  were  yet  alive.  Little  did  he 
know  that  every  American  patriot  loved  him  and  followed  with  intense 
interest  his  valiant  battles  for  the  spread  of  freedom  and  democracy 
in  Europe,  and  that  a  welcome  awaited  him  such  as  had  never  been 
accorded  to  any  living  man.  As  he  entered  the  harbor  of  New  York 
and  saw  hundreds  of  ships  covered  with  bunting  and  flying  the  flags 
of  France  and  the  United  States,  with  cannons  booming  and  the  cheers 
of  thousands  filling  the  air,  and  realized  that  this  was  done  to  do 
him  honor  as  the  beloved  guest  of  a  grateful  free  people,  he  wept 
with  joy. 

Thurlow  Weed,  who  was  an  eye-witness  and  twenty-six  years  old, 
has  left  us  in  his  autobiography  a  vivid  description  of  La  Fayette's 
arrival: 

"The   general's   landing  on   the   Battery,    his    reception   hy   the  military 

under   General  Martin,*   his   triumphant  progress   through   Broadway,  his 

first  visit  to  the  City  Hall,  awakened  emotions  which  cannot  be  described. 

*  This  is  obviously  a  misprint.  The  commander  was  Major-General  Jacob  Morton. 
Past    Grand    Master    of    the    Grand    Lodge    of    New    York. 

[101] 


*?(F^ 


9 


-=*^$>X 


THE 

NAME 


APPIER 


Appears  on  the  Best 
X-Ray  and  Electro 
Medical     Apparatus 


WAPPLER  ELECTRIC 
COMPANY,  Inc. 

LONG  ISLAND  CITY,  N.Y. 


The  complete  X-Ray  installation  in  the  recently 
completed  Masonic  Memorial  Hospital  at  Utica, 
N.  Y.,  was  made  by  the  Wappler  Electric  Company 


NCE    you  are  initiated    into 

our    inner    realm    of   good 

clothes    for    men    and    boys, 

you'll     recognize    quality, 

good    form,    lasting    satisfaction    and 

pronounced    value    by    the    sign    and 

pass-word  "Brokaw." 


BROKAW  BROTHERS 

Broadway    and     Forty-Second     Street 


*«.' 


Or* 


=-**&, 


Ji 


102  ] 


The  Marquis  de  La  Fayette 


1  have  witnessed  the  celebration  of  the  completion  of  the  Erie  Canal  and 
the  mingling  of  the  waters  of  Lake  Erie  with  the  Atlantic  Ocean,  the 
completion  of  the  C'roton  Water  Works  celebration,  the  reception  of  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  and  other  brilliant  and  beautiful  pageants,  but  they  all 
lacked  the  heart  and  soul  which  marked  and  signalized  the  welcome  of 
Lafayette." 

From.  New  York  La  Fayette  went  to  Boston,  and  therewith  is  con- 
nected a  pleasant  anecdote.  On  crossing  the  ocean  he  had  made  the 
acquaintance  of  a  merchant  from  Boston  and  had  inquired  of  him 
the  expense  of  a  year's  sojourn  in  the  United  States,  including  living 
at  hotels  for  three  people  and  traveling  by  land  and  water.  His  at 
one  time  large  fortune  had  been  reduced  by  confiscations  to  modest 
proportions,  and  he  was  somewhat  disturbed  at  hearing  how  much 
higher  the  cost  of  living  was  than  in  France.  He  was  glad  to  accept 
the  merchant's  invitation  to  dinner,  whenever  he  should  be  in  Boston. 
La  Fayette  remembered  the  invitation,  and  perfect  knight  that  he 
was,  he  managed  to  slip  away,  between  grand  receptions  which  fol- 
lowed one  upon  another,  to  look  up  the  Boston  merchant  and  dined 
with  him  as  he  had  promised  to  do. 

On  September  1st,  1824,  the  City  Grand  Lodge  met  to  consider  the 
advisability  of  tendering  a  public  dinner  to  La  Fayette,  after  his 
return  from  Boston.  A  committee  was  appointed  to  consult  his  wishes 
in  the  matter.  He  accepted  the  invitation  and  fixed  upon  September 
20th  for  the  entertainment.  Four  Past  Masters,  of  St.  John's,  No. 
1,  Washington,  No.  84,  Adelphis,  No.  91,  and  Mount  Moriah,  No.  132, 
were  appointed  a  committee  to  escort  him  into  the  Grand  Lodge.  He 
responded  to  the  address  of  welcome  with  these  words: 

"Most  Worshipful  Grand  Master  and  beloved  Brethren: — I  am  happy 
in  your  affectionate  welcome;  I  am  proud  of  the  high  confidential  honors 
you  have  conferred  upon  and  purpose  further  to  confer  upon  me.  Our 
Masonic  institution  owes  a  double  lustre,  to  those  who  have  cherished,  and 
to  those  who  have  persecuted  it.  Let  both  glories,  equal  in  my  opinion, 
be  the  pride  of  every  member  of  our  Fraternity,  until  universal  freedom 
insures  us  universal  justice." 

The  reception  was  followed  by  a  banquet  attended  by  more  than 
five  hundred  members  of  the  Fraternity. 

La  Fayette  did  not  fail  to  visit  the  tomb  of  him  whom  he  delighted 
to  call  "father."  While  tears  dimmed  his  eyes,  as  he  thought  of  him 
who  had  died  twenty-five  years  before,  there  was  presented  to  him 
a  massive  gold  ring  enclosing  in  a  compartment  a  lock  of  the  great 
Washington's  hair.  The  scene  which  followed  is  too  sacred  to  describe. 
La  Fayette  treasured  the  gift  as  the  most  precious  which  could  pos- 
sibly have  been  bestowed.     He  visited  every  State  and  most,  if  not 

[103] 


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Roberts 
Hardware  Co. 


-O'^'.T^ 


UTICA,    N.  Y. 


G>  3 


[104] 


:i 


The  Marquis  de  La  Fayette 


I 


all,  the  cities  of  the  Union,  and  was  received  everywhere  with  the 
enthusiastic  acclaims  of  a  thankful  people. 

Congress  voted  him  $200,000  and  a  township  of  land,  "in  part  pay- 
ment," as  was  said,  for  his  eminent  services  as  a  general  in  the  army 
of  the  United  States.  The  frigate  Brandywine  was  placed  at  his 
service,  and  on  this  he  returned  to  France,  in  September,  1825. 

One  of  the  last  of  the  historic  occasions  in  which  La  Fayette  took 
part,  while  in  America,  was  the  laying  of  the  cornerstone  of  the 
Bunker  Hill  monument  by  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  on 
June  17th,  1825,  the  fiftieth  anniversary  of  the  famous  battle  which 
was  to  be  memorialized.  He  was  present  in  Grand  Lodge  at  the 
special  communication  preceding  the  cornerstone  laying.  The  apron 
he  wore  on  this  occasion  is  still  in  the  possession  of  the  Grand  Lodge 
of  Massachusetts.  The  day  was  made  memorable  by  a  great  Ameri- 
can oration,  for  Daniel  Webster,  himself  a  member  of  the  Masonic 
fraternity,  was  the  orator. 

La  Fayette's  interest  in  the  reconstruction  of  the  French  govern- 
ment continued  to  the  day  of  his  death.  He  took  a  prominent  part 
in  the  revolution  of  1830,  and  it  was  at  his  instance  that  Louis 
Philippe  was  made  King,  Roi  Citoyen,  the  Citizen  King. 

La  Fayette  died  at  Paris,  on  May  20th,  1834,  while  in  his  seventy- 
seventh  year. 

His  whole  life  was  consecrated  to  the  cause  of  human  freedom,  the 
preservation  of  law  and  order,  and  the  relief  of  distress.  With  no 
thought  of  self,  he  placed  all  he  possessed  and  all  he  could  give  in 
the  service  of  the  ideals  he  had  set  himself,  a  true  Knight  and  a  true 
exemplar  of  Freemasonry. 


rmzz^$r 


[105] 


• 


;  *   fi 


Grand  Master  of  Masons  in  the  State  of  New  York,  1806  to  1820. 


DeWitt  Clinton 


among  the  truly  illustrious  sons  of  the  State  of  New  York  none 
/-\  has  contributed  more  effectively  to  her  greatness  than  DeWitt 
*■  *•  Clinton.  Born  at  Little  Britain,  N.  Y.,  on  March  2d,  1769,  son 
of  General  James  Clinton,  he  was  given  the  best  education  which  a 
home  of  refinement  and  the  solicitude  of  his  parents  could  supply. 
After  graduation  from  Columbia  College,  he  entered  upon  the  study 
of  law  and  then  served  successively  as  secretary  to  Governor  George 
Clinton  (his  uncle,  and  a  Mason),  secretary  to  the  Board  of  Regents 
of  the  University  of  the  State  of  New  York,  Assemblyman  and  State 
Senator,  was  chosen  a  Senator  of  the  United  States  (as  the  colleague 
of  Gouverneur  Morris),  became  Mayor  of  the  City  of  New  York,  and, 
in  1817,  was  elected  Governor  of  the  State.  Yielding  to  public  clamor 
he  became  again  a  candidate  for  the  governorship  and  was  returned 
to  office  in  1826,  by  the  largest  majority  of  votes  ever  known  before 
in  a  contested  election.  He  served  as  Governor  until  the  day  of  his 
sudden  death,  at  Albany,  on  February  11th,  1828. 

The  two  achievements  for  which  DeWitt  Clinton  is  best  remem- 
bered by  posterity  are  the  establishment  of  the  foundations  of  the 
common  school  system  of  the  State  and  the  opening  of  the  Erie  Canal 
which  he  carried  through  almost  single-handed  to  a  successful  con- 
summation. 

The  Masonic  fraternity  owes  much  to  the  long-continued  and 
zealous  interest  which  DeWitt  Clinton  took  in  its  affairs.  He  was 
Master  of  Holland  Lodge  in  1794,  served  the  Grand  Lodge  as  Junior 
Grand  Warden  for  three  years  and  as  Senior  Grand  Warden  for 
one  year,  and  became  Grand  Master  on  June  4th,  1806.  After  fourteen 
years  of  continuous  service  as  Grand  Master  he  declined  re-election 
in  1820,  and  was  succeeded  by  Daniel  Tompkins,  then  Vice-President 
of  the  United  States.  How  active  DeWitt  Clinton  was  in  all  branches 
of  Masonry  is  evident  from  the  fact  that  he  was  also  Grand  High 
Priest  of  the  Grand  Chapter  of  Royal  Arch  Masons,  Grand  Master 
of  the  Grand  Encampment  of  the  State  of  New  York,  Grand  Master 
of  Knights  Templar  of  the  United  States,  and  held  the  highest  office 
in  the  Cernean  Scottish  Rite  body. 

[107] 


Grand  Master  of  Masons  in  the  State  of  New  York,  1820-1821 


:/ 


Daniel  D.  Tompkins 

DANIEL  D.  TOMPKINS  was  Governor  of  the  State  of  New  York 
when  the  war  of  1812  was  fought.  The  whole  of  his  ample 
'private  fortune  was  devoted  to  the  defense  of  the  country; 
equipping  40,000  militia,  maintaining  the  Military  Academy  at  West 
Point,  and  financing  many  war  activities.  When  the  banks  refused 
to  loan  money  to  the  federal  Government,  his  personal  endorsement 
of  the  proffered  Treasury  notes  sustained  the  credit  of  the  United 
States. 

After  graduation  from  Columbia  College,  Tompkins  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  became  interested  in  politics.  He  was 
a  delegate  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention,  member  of  the 
Legislature,  Congressman,  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court,  before  he 
was  elected  Governor,  in  1807,  which  latter  office  he  held  for  ten 
successive  years.  He  was  Vice-President  of  the  United  States,  under 
President  Monroe. 

Devotion  to  the  welfare  of  the  people  expressed  itself  in  many  ways 
other  than  those  already  indicated,  more  particularly  in  the  develop- 
ment of  public  education.  As  Chancellor  of  the  University  of  the 
State  of  New  York  he  aided  every  movement  looking  toward  the  bet- 
terment of  the  schools. 

His  active  interest  in  the  Masonic  fraternity  continued  throughout 
his  life.  He  became  Grand  Secretary  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  at  the  age 
of  twenty-seven,  and  continued  in  this  office  for  four  years.  He  was 
Grand  Master  in  1820  and  1821. 

The  Grand  Lodge  of  New  York,  recognizing  the  sterling  worth  of 
the  man  and  his  self-sacrificing  services  to  the  people  of  his  State 
and  the  Government  of  his  country,  erected  the  beautiful  Daniel  D. 
Tompkins  Memorial  Chapel  in  his  honor,  on  the  grounds  of  the 
Masonic  Home,  at  Utica. 

Daniel  D.  Tompkins  was  born  on  June  21,  1774,  at  Scarsdale,  in 
Westchester  County,  N.  Y.  He  died  at  the  age  of  fifty-one,  on 
June  11,  1825,  at  his  home  on  Staten  Island,  where  General  La  Fayette 
had  been  his  guest,  the  year  before.  His  last  days  were  darkened 
by  the  vicious  attacks  of  political  opponents  who  sought  to  destroy 
his  popularity.  His  former  vast  financial  resources,  spent  in  aiding 
the  Government  to  win  the  war  with  England,  had  dwindled  to  a 
degree  reducing  him  to  almost  poverty.  A  simple,  weatherbeaten 
stone-slab  in  the  historic  St.  Mark's  Churchyard,  in  New  York  City 
marks  his  burial  place. 

[109] 


FREEMASONS  HALL 

Broadway,  between  Duane  and  Pearl  Streets 


Historic  Masonic  Halls  of 
New  York  City 

THE  desirability  of  establishing  permanent  headquarters  for  the 
Grand  Lodge  was  discussed  as  early  as  1801.  A  committee 
appointed  to  investigate  the  project  reported  the  following 
year  that  a  site  might  be  obtained  in  New  York  City  and  a  suitable 
building  erected  thereon,  sufficiently  large  enough  to  accommodate 
the  Grand  Lodge  and  a  number  of  local  lodges,  at  a  cost  of  $15,000. 
Approval  was  given  to  the  formation  of  a  stock  company  to  finance 
the  proposition.    No  further  progress  was  made. 

In  1818,  an  order  was  recorded  "that  the  application  be  made  to  the 
legislature  of  the  State,  at  its  ensuing  session,  for  permission  to  raise, 
under  the  authority  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  by  lottery,  a  sufficient  sum 
for  the  election  of  a  Masonic  Hall  in  the  City  of  New  York."  A 
committee  was  instructed  to  select  a  suitable  site.  This  committee 
reported,  in  1820,  that  four  lots  in  Grand  Street,  at  the  intersection  of 
Elizabeth  Street,  might  be  purchased  for  $4,600,  half  the  amount 
remaining  on  mortgage;  that  several  lots  might  be  had  at  the  corner 
of  Beekman  and  Nassau  Streets,  with  48%  feet  on  the  former  and  104 
feet  on  the  latter,  for  $20,000,  about  one-half  of  this  amount  to  re- 
main on  mortgage  for  a  period  of  ten  years  or  more;  and  that  several 
lots  at  the  corner  of  Broadway  and  Grand  Street,  with  107  feet  on 
Broadway  and  107  feet  deep  toward  Mercer  Street,  could  be  bought 
for  $18,000  cash."  The  committee  was  requested  to  "continue  their 
researches,"  but  reported  at  the  next  Quarterly  Communication  that 
the  sites  recommended  in  the  previous  report  were  no  longer  on  the 
market  and  there  was  nothing  further  to  be  communicated. 

In  1824  the  agitation  for  a  Hall  was  revived  by  united  action  on  the 
part  of  the  representatives  of  twenty-four  city  Lodges.  It  resulted  in 
the  erection  of  Freemasons'  Hall,  later  known  as  Masonic  Hall,  on 
Broadway,  between  Duane  and  Pearl  Streets.  The  cornerstone  was 
laid  on  June  24,  1826.  The  Building  remained  one  of  the  landmarks  of 
the  city  until  1856,  when  it  was  torn  down. 

[Ill] 


?co* 


? 


'=**® 


V* 


The  Sterilizer  Equipment  Installed  in  the  Soldiers  and  Sailors 

Memorial  Hospital,  Utica,  N.  Y. 

was  furnished  by 


w 


American  Sterilizer  Qompany 

Erie,  Pa.,  U.  S.  A. 
"STERILIZER  SPECIALISTS" 


Eastern  Sales  Office 


200  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York  City 


Alexander  Bryant 
Company 

Tlumbing 


l6l   WEST  25TH   ST.       NEW  YORK 


I. 


K 


Qjf^B 


*n2>n 


[112] 


Historic  Masonic  Halls 


THE    TWENTY-THIRD    STREET    PROPERTY 

The  movement  which  resulted  in  the  building  of  a  magnificent 
Masonic  Hall,  on  Sixth  Avenue  and  Twenty-third  Street,  New  York, 
and  the  Masonic  Home  in  Utica,  had  its  inception  in  1842,  in  a  mem- 
orial having  for  its  object:  (1)  The  erection  of  a  Hall  in  the  City  of 
New  York,  for  the  Grand  Lodge  and  other  Masonic  bodies;  (2)  the 
founding  of  an  asylum  for  worthy,  decayed  Masons,  their  widows 
and  orphans. 

A  subscription  list  was  opened  by  Grand  Secretary  James  Herring. 
Brother  Greenfield  Pote,  then  Grand  Tyler,  paid  the  first  dollar.  On 
June  8,  1843,  the  list  bore  the  names  of  one  hundred  brethren,  who 
had  subscribed  and  paid  nearly  $300  in  sums  ranging  from  fifty  cents 
upward.  The  fund  was  increased,  from  time  to  time,  by  donations 
from  individual  Masons,  from  balls,  concerts,  exhibitions  and  dinners, 
and  the  creation  by  a  number  of  Lodges  of  what  was  termed  Widows' 
and  Orphans'  Funds,  augmented  by  donations  and  part  of  the 
initiation  fees. 

The  undertaking  was  held  up  by  the  schism  of  1849,  which  resulted 
in  the  formation  of  the  Phillips  Grand  Lodge.  In  the  uproar  and 
confusion  occurring  at  that  time,  the  seceders  had  carried  away  the 
satchel  of  the  Grand  Secretary  containing  money  and  vouchers 
amounting  to  $7,000.  Besides  the  Grand  Treasurer  had  joined  the 
secessionists  and  refused  to  surrender  funds  in  his  charge  belonging 
to  this  particular  fund. 

On  June  7,  1858,  when  the  Phillips  body  became  reunited  with  the 
Grand  Lodge,  the  Hall  and  Asylum  Fund  amounted  to  $27,994.06 
to  which  Brother  Edwin  Forrest,  the  noted  tragedian,  contributed 
$500  awarded  to  him  by  the  courts  as  damages  in  a  libel  suit. 

Then  followed  the  Civil  War. 

In  order  to  enlist  the  active  support  of  all  the  Lodges  in  the  State 
in  the  undertaking,  these  were  urged  to  collect,  if  possible,  ten  cents 
a  month  from  each  one  of  their  members,  contributing  the  uncollected 
amount  from  the  Lodge  funds.  While  the  suggestion  was  not 
generally  observed,  enough  money  was  received  that  the  Fund 
amounted  to  $49,402.14,  when  the  Grand  Lodge  met  in  1864.  In  this 
same  year,  the  Trustees  of  the  Hall  and  Asylum  Fund  were  incorpo- 
rated by  an  Act  of  the  State  Legislature.  They  reported  that 
$200,000  must  be  raised  before  the  erection  of  the  Hall  could  be 
started.  The  Grand  Lodge  thereupon  determined  to  make  no  appro- 
priation of  any  kind,  except  for  necessary  expenses  and  charitable 
purposes,  "until  the  Masonic  Hall  and  Asylum  are  erected."  The 
Lodges  were  again  urged  to  bestir  themselves  to  supply  the  needed 
funds. 


[113] 


OLD  TWENTY-THIRD  STREET  HALL 


Historic  Masonic  Halls 


The  Trustees  now  announced  that  they  had  purchased  a  plot  of 
ground,  with  100  feet  frontage  on  Grand  Street  and  125  feet  on 
Crosby  Street,  including  a  church  edifice  thereon,  for  $120,000. 
Grand  Master  Clinton  F.  Paige  issued  an  appeal  to  wipe  out  the 
balance  of  the  debt  on  the  property  and  to  supply  additional  funds  to 
provide  at  least  $200,000.  , 

The -purchase  of  the  Grand  Street  property,  on  which  $100,000  had 
been  paid,  was  vigorously  disapproved  by  Brethren  who  considered 
the  location  unsatisfactory.  In  order  to  allay  the  storm  of  criticism 
gathering  around  the  Grand  Lodge,  Grand  Master  Robert  D.  Holmes 
assured  the  craft,  in  1866,  that  no  Hall  would  be  built  on  the 
purchased  site. 

A  Masonic  Fair  was  held  in  the  Grand  Street  building,  which  con- 
tinued from  December  5,  1865,  to  January  9,  1867,  and  produced  a 
net  gain  of  $50,931.66  which  was  added  to  the  Hall  and  Asylum 
Fund.  The  success  of  this  affair  led  to  the  organization  of  privately 
conducted  entertainments  parading  under  the  name  of  Masonic  Gift 
Enterprises.  They  were  denounced  by  the  Grand  Lodge  in  emphatic 
terms,  and  it  was  proclaimed  that  all  money  raised  by  such  un- 
authorized ventures  would  be  refused. 

The  Grand  Street  property  was  sold  for  $163,000,  yielding  a  profit 
of  $43,000  on  the  original  investment.  The  total  assets  in  bonds, 
mortgages  and  cash  now  amounted  to  $284,167.87. 

In  1869,  the  Trustees  purchased  six  lots  on  corner  of  Twenty-Third 
Street  and  Sixth  Avenue,  with  141  feet  frontage  on  Twenty-Third 
Street  and  94%  feet  on  Sixth  Avenue,  at  a  cost  of  $340,000.  The  fol- 
lowing year  in  May,  they  were  able  to  report  that  the  property  had 
been  paid  for  in  full  and  that  they  had  on  hand  $54,000,  with  which 
to  begin  the  building  of  the  Hall.  The  action  of  the  Trustees  was 
endorsed  with  hearty  unanimity. 

Napoleon  Le  Brun,  who  was  considered  the  most  noted  American 
architect  of  his  day,  prepared  the  plans  for  the  Hall.  The  cornerstone 
was  laid  on  June  8,  1870.  Bonds  had  to  be  issued  and  loans  made 
to  meet  the  financial  demands,  as  the  building  progressed.  The  dedi- 
cation of  the  completed  structure  took  place  on  June  3,  1875,  and  was 
celebrated  by  imposing  ceremonies  and  a  procession  participated  in 
by  23,000  Masons. 

A  Fair  was  held  in  New  York  City,  beginning  on  March  15,  1873, 
and  continuing  for  one  month,  which  produced  approximately  $50,000 
toward  the  building  fund. 

On  June  3d  of  the  same  year,  the  Grand  Lodge  met  for  the  first 
time  in  its  own  (partially  completed)  new  Hall.  Grand  Master 
Christopher  G.  Fox  brought  home  to  the  assembled  Brethren  the  duty 


[115] 


grgv"  **q% 


P.  W.  SCHNEIDER,  Inc. 

UTICA  NEW  YORK 

Heating  (Contractors  for 
the  ?Jt(.asonic  Soldiers  and 
Sailors  zJXCemorial  Hospital 


<t/fre  Tour  Printing  Problems 
'Properly  Qared  Fori 

We  have  built  our  reputation  on  the  firm 
rock  of  DEPENDABILITY.  This, 
combined  with  skilled,  careful  workmanship 
and  courteous  attention,  is  what  we  offer  you. 
Our  product  bears  the  imprint  of  quality.  If 
you  so  desire,  we  will  write,  design  and  plan 
your  publicity  matter.  Write  or  phone,  and 
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TJependab le  'Printers  ■.-.  Phone  Chelsea  8680 

263   NINTH   AVENUE,  Corner  26th   Street,  NEW   YORK 

[116] 


Historic  Masonic  Halls 


7 


of  carrying  forward  the  undertaking  in  order  that  the  way  might 
be  cleared  for  the  establishment  of  an  Asylum  for  the  aged  and  in- 
digent and  the  widows  and  orphans  dependent  upon  the  craft  for  pro- 
tection and  support. 

The  dedication  of  the  completed  structure  took  place  on  June  3, 
1875,  under  the  Grand  Mastership  of  Ellwood  E.  Thorne.  Twenty- 
three  thousand  Masons  took  part  in  the  public  procession  held  in 
celebration  of  the  event. 

The  following  year,  in  May,  the  building  was  reported  fully  furn- 
ished and  ready  for  occupancy.  The  total  expenditure  involved  had 
been  $1,590,262.96,  including  $94,458.52  paid  for  furniture.  The  re- 
maining indebtedness  amounted  to  $794,015.  These  figures  appeared 
staggering  to  Brethren  unacquainted  with  the  financial  difficulties 
encountered  by  the  Trustees.  Charges  of  incompetency  and  misman- 
agement were  circulated.  A  detailed  report  of  all  items  of  receipts 
and  disbursements,  issued  to  ally  apprehensions  and  criticisms,  failed 
to  restore  general  confidence.  A  reorganization  of  the  board  of 
trustees  was  demanded.  A  resolution  was  adopted  in  Grand  Lodge 
reducing  the  number  of  Trustees  to  three  and  disqualifying  officers 
of  the  Grand  Lodge  for  service  in  that  capacity.  The  State  legisla- 
ture of  1877  passed  an  act  giving  effect  to  that  resolution. 

In  an  effort  to  organize  the  continuing  discontent,  outside  of  the 
City  of  New  York,  a  meeting  of  Past  Masters,  Masters  and  Wardens 
of  Lodges  located  in  Rochester,  held  in  March,  1877,  issued  a  circular 
calling  upon  all  Lodges  in  the  State  to  send  delegates  to  a  convention 
to  take  place  in  that  city,  on  April  25th,  to  formulate  a  plan  for  united 
action  on  the  temporary  extension  of  the  fifty  cents  per  capita  tax, 
adopted  in  1872.  Grand  Master  James  W.  Husted,  "the  eagle  of 
Westchester  County,"  at  once  called  upon  the  Lodges  to  discounte- 
nance the  "ill-advised"  circular,  explaining  fully  the  question  raised 
to  an  issue  by  the  illegal  action  of  the  Rochester  malcontents.  Find- 
ing the  promoters  of  the  movement  "persistent  and  pertinacious," 
he  forbade  the  organization  of  the  proposed  convention.  Despite  all 
this,  "a  convention  of  individuals"  was  held,  in  violation  of  the  spirit 
of  the  order,  which  addressed  a  letter  to  the  Lodges  in  the  State  set- 
ting forth  "the  necessity  of  financial  reform"  in  the  Grand  Lodge. 
Subsequent  Grand  Lodge  meetings  showed  clearly  that  the  malcon- 
tents were  in  the  minority.  By  far  the  larger  number  of  Brethren 
were  unwilling  to  abandon  the  Hall  and  Asylum  undertaking  and 
resolved  to  reduce  the  accumulated  indebtedness. 

The  struggle  to  make  ends  meet  continued  for  a  number  of  years. 
The  payments  of  interest  on  the  debt  amounted  to  more  than  $50,000 
a  year.     In  three  years,  1876  to  1879,  the  number  of  affiliated  Masons 


[117] 


Si 

f 


(&>*" 


***&, 


i 


Redding  G7*  Company 

200  FIFTH  AVENUE 

Arcade  of  Fifth  Avenue  Building 

NEW  YORK  CITY 


Chas.  F.  Noyes  Co. 
Real  Estate 


Publishers  of  standard  Masonic 
works.  Manufacturers  of  High 
grade  Masonic  aprons,  regalia. 
Lodge  supplies,  novelties  and 
jewelry.   Catalog  mailed  on  request. 


Selling,    Renting,   Exchanging 

and  Management  of  Business 

Properties  a  Specialty 

Mortgage  Loans 


118  WILLIAM  ST.    ::   NEW  YORK 
Telephone  John  2000 


DflVEGfl 


SPORTING  GOODS 

are  distinctive 
but  not  expensive 

CALL  OR  SEND 
FOR    CATALOG 

Five  New  York  Stores 

15  Cortlandt  St.,  near  Broadway 
28  John  Street,  near  Nassau  Street 
831  Broadway,  near  13th  Street 
111  E.  42nd  St.,  Commodore  Hotel 
125  W.  125th  St.,  near  Lenox  Ave. 

125th  St.  Store  Open  Evenings 


Kings  County 
Trust    Company 

OFFICERS 
Julian  D.  Fairchild,  -  President 
Julian  P.  Fairchild,  Vice-President 
William  J.  Wason,  Jr.,  Vice-Prest. 
Thomas  Blake,  -  -  -  Secretary 
Howard  D.  Joost,  Asst.  Secretary 
J.  Norman  Carpenter,  Trust  Officer 
Brower,  Brower  &  Brower,  Counsel 

Capital,     -----     $500,000.00 
Surplus,         -     -  $2,500,000.00 

Undivided  Profits,  -     $515,000.00 

The  Kings  County  Trust  Company 
offers  to  its  depositors  every  facility 
and  accommodation  known  to  modern 
Banking.  If  you  are  not  already  avail- 
ing yourself  of  the  advantages  offered 
by  this  Institution,  the  Kings  County 
Trust  Company  will  be  glad  to  have 
you  open  an  account. 

342  TO  346  FULTON  STREET 
BROOKLYN,  NEW  YORK 


s:<2*>-* 


*-<£>; 


<*> 


tt 


[118] 


Historic  Masonic  Halls 


had  become  reduced  by  close  on  to  six  thousand,  largely  because  of 
unwillingness  of  the  discontented  to  meet  their  obligations  in  the 
support  of  the  Hall  and  Asylum  Fund. 

There  followed  a  long  period  of  struggle  with  the  debt  resting  upon 
the  Temple.  When  Frank  R.  Lawrence  became  Grand  Master,  in 
1885,  the  indebtedness  amounted  to  about  $500,000,  four-fifths  of 
which 'represented  twenty-year  bonds  drawing  seven  per  cent,  in- 
terest. He  resolved  that  the  debt  must  be  paid  in  full  and  paid  as 
speedily  as  possible.  The  first  thing  he  did  was  to  ascertain  if  the 
bonds  were  redeemable  before  their  maturity.  He  found  it  could  be 
done.  Inviting  the  co-operation  of  the  Grand  Chapter  and  the  Grand 
Commandery,  he  collected  $25,000  and  made  a  tender  to  one  of  the 
bondholders,  with  interest  to  date.  The  tender  being  refused,  a  civil 
suit  was  instituted  and  won.  The  redemption  of  bonds  was  now 
pushed  with  increased  energy.  On  June  3,  1886,  $118,113.20  were 
collected.  By  the  end  of  1887,  the  receipts  had  risen  to  $232,206.12. 
On  March  14,  1889,  Grand  Master  Frank  Lawrence  issued  the  joyous 
proclamation:  "The  great  task  is  done.  The  last  dollar  is  paid.  We 
are  free."  By  his  order,  Wednesday  the  24th  day  of  April,  1889,  was 
set  apart  "as  a  day  of  Thanksgiving  and  rejoicing,"  which  was  cele- 
brated with  enthusiasm  by  all  the  Lodges  ir  the  State. 

THE    GREATER    HALL 

In  1889,  the  debt  on  the  Masonic  Hall  was  wiped  out.  The  general 
belief  was  that  the  net  revenues,  together  with  the  $3.00  per  capita 
tax  on  initiations,  would  suffice  for  many  years,  to  meet  the  needs 
of  the  Home  at  Utica.  It  was  estimated  that  the  expenses  would  ab- 
sorb no  more  than  seventy  per  cent,  of  the  annual  revenues.  The 
remaining  thirty  per  cent,  was  to  be  turned  into  a  Reserve  Fund  to 
guard  against  possible  future  deficits.  A  fund  of  this  kind  was  in- 
augurated, in  1894,  with  a  balance  of  $137,530.41.  The  earnings 
from  rentals  proved  disappointly  inadequate.  On  the  other  hand  the 
expenses  increased  at  a  greater  ratio  than  had  been  anticipated.  As 
early  as  1897  it  became  necessary  to  draw  upon  the  Reserve  Fund 
to  the  amount  of  $30,000.  Year  after  year  the  withdrawals  from  the 
fund  continued. 

The  Trustees  decided  to  lay  the  case  before  the  Grand  Lodge.  Ac- 
cordingly they  reported,  in  1903,  that  the  maximum  earning  power 
of  the  Hall  was  producing  less  than  two  per  cent,  a  year  on  the  esti- 
mated value,  notwithstanding  exemption  from  taxation,  and  that  new 
sources  of  revenue  must  be  provided  without  delay  to  meet  the  grow- 
ing needs  of  the  Home. 

The  following  year,  an  amendment  to  the  constitution  was  adopted 


[119] 


THE  TWENTY-FOURTH  STREET  HALL 


Historic  Masonic  Halls 


placing  an  annual  per  capita  tax  of  fifty  cents  on  the  entire  member- 
ship of  the  Grand  Lodge.  By  ratification  of  the  Lodges,  the  amend- 
ment became  effective,  in  1905,  to  remain  in  force  until  a  permanent 
source  of  income  should  be  established  to  provide  adequate  funds. 

This  new  source  of  revenue  having  been  assured,  the  Trustees  de- 
termined to  invest  the  resulting  funds  so  as  to  produce  the  largest 
possible  returns.  The  end  aimed  at  was  the  establishment  of  an 
adequate  endowment  fund  which  would  obviate  future  financial  em- 
barassments.  The  plan  they  adopted  was  to  increase  the  real  estate 
holdings  of  the  fraternity  and  then  to  develop  the  earning  power  of  the 
combined  properties  to  the  fullest  possible  extent.  Land  was  bought 
on  West  Twenty-fourth  Street,  back  of  and  adjoining  the  Hall 
property.  The  move  evidently  appealed  to  the  great  majority  of  the 
craft,  for  the  Grand  Lodge  approved  the  purchase  and  the  plans  for 
its  development.  The  next  step  was  the  erection  on  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Street  site  of  a  nineteen-story  building,  at  a  cost  of  $1,301,- 
252.54.  This  building  was  completed  in  1909.  The  following  year  the 
Grand  Lodge  held  its  first  session  therein  Next,  the  old  Hall  was 
torn  down.  In  its  place  was  erected  a  giant  business  building  which 
was  completed  and  ready  for  occupancy  in  1912. 

The  success  of  the  Herculean  undertaking  was  due  to  the  tireless 
disinterested  labors  of  forceful  leaders.  They  had  faith  in  the  Craft 
and  were  persuaded  that  the  ultimate  outcome  would  amply  justify 
the  wisdom  of  the  project.  Moreover  they  deemed  it  necessary  that 
the  honor  of  the  Fraternity  should  be  protected  by  making  good  the 
claim  that  the  New  York  City  properties  were  maintained  "for 
charitable   purposes"   and  not  as   an   end   in   themselves. 

The  old  Masonic  Hall  had  failed  to  produce  adequate  revenue. 
There  was  a  practical  limit  to  the  extent  to  which  a  direct  tax  might 
be  imposed  on  the  individual  membership  fees  collected  by  the  consti- 
tuent Lodges.  Voluntary  contributions  in  themselves  were  too  pre- 
carious an  item  to  count  upon  for  the  covering  of  definitely  fixed  ex- 
penses connected  with  the  care  of  helpless  human  wards. 

In  1912,  a  Sinking  Fund  was  started  for  the  cancellation  of  the 
financial  obligations  of  the  Fraternity,  singly  or  in  instalments,  at 
maturity.  At  that  time  there  was  a  five  per  cent,  first  mortgage  of 
$1,200,000  and  a  six  per  cent,  mortgage,  secured  by  gold  bonds,  of 
$1,200,000,  both  mortgages  maturing  in  1918.  The  hugeness  of  the 
task  of  canceling  the  debt  had  no  terrors  for  the  Craft.  In  1913,  the 
Grand  Lodge  voted  that  each  member  be  requested  to  contribute 
$7.00,  in  five  yearly  instalments  of  $1.40  each.  In  less  than  eight 
years  the  Fraternity  paid  more  than  $1,750,000  toward  the  cancela- 
tion of  its  indebtedness.     The  second  mortgage  bonds  were  retired  at 


[121] 


Historic  Masonic  Halls 


maturity.  By  1921,  the  first  mortgage  was  reduced  to  $700,000,  and 
there  remained  in  the  Sinking  Fund  approximately  $60,000  to  be 
applied  to  a  further  reduction  of  the  indebtedness. 

The  inception  of  the  building  project  was  due  chiefly  to  Town- 
send  Scudder  whose  untiring  efforts  were  staunchly  supported  by 
J.  Edward  Simmons,  William  Sherer,  John  Stewart,  William  A. 
Sutherland,  and  Frank  H.  Robinson,  all  of  whom  had  been  Grand 
Masters,  and  the  Trustees  who  served  the  Fraternity  from  1907  to 
1912. 

It  was  but  natural  that  a  considerable  portion  of  the  membership 
should  have  entertained  misgivings  about  the  outcome  and  the  huge- 
ness of  the  indebtedness  devolving  upon  the  Grand  Lodge.  The  re- 
sulting obstruction  caused  a  temporary  interruption  of  the  progress 
of  the  work.  This  was  finally  overcome  when,  in  1910,  Grand  Master 
Samuel  Nelson  Sawyer  squarely  recommended  a  speedy  completion 
of  the  building  project.     That  cleared  the  way  for  action. 

Smoldering  criticism  lingered  on  for  a  short  while.  In  1911  and 
again  the  following  year,  Grand  Master  Robert  Judson  Kenworthy 
urged  the  need  of  giving  wholehearted  support  to  the  Trustees  in 
their  exceedingly  difficult  undertaking.  The  temper  of  the  Grand 
Lodge  showed  unmistakably  that  cavilers  would  find  no  umbrage. 
That  ended  the  matter. 

The  establishment  of  the  Sinking  Fund  stands  to  the  credit  of 
Grand  Master  Charles  Smith.  More  than  two  hundred  thousand  dol- 
lars were  collected  for  this  end  during  his  administration. 

The  strengthening  of  the  Fund  was  carried  forward  with  unabat- 
ing  vigor  by  Grand  Masters  Friefeld,  Penney  and  Farmer. 

The  chief  factor  in  the  development  of  the  rental  productivity  of 
the  buildings,  has  been  the  splendid  business  ability  of  George  T. 
Montgomery,  who  has  been  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  since 
1914.  "One  hundred  per  cent,  rented,"  the  Trustees  were  able  to 
report  in  1920  and  again  in  1921.  The  net  income  from  the  property, 
during  the  year  1920,  amounted  to  $158,518.38,  marking  an  increase 
of  $29,120.24,  or  22%%,  over  the  net  income  for  the  preceding  year. 

The  significance  of  these  statements  is  shown  in  this  paragraph 
from  the  report  of  the  Trustees  for  1921 : 

"The  expense  of  operation  and  maintenance  of  the  Home  for  the  jjast 
year  was  $252,726.79:  The  income  from  the  New  York  property  was 
$158,518.38;  the  income  from  Grand  Lodge  fees  and  tax  amounted  to 
$176,240.50;  neither  fund  alone  was  sufficient  to  meet  the  expenses  of  the 
Home." 

The  New  York  property  is  valued  at  more  than  three  and  a  half 
million  dollars. 


[122] 


BE 


® 


^"TEMPLE  of  PEACE" 
*>/ "HAVEN  0/ COMFORT" 
iA  "CITY    of  REFUGE" 

R.-.W.-.C.  WALLACE    PETTY'S 

Impressions  after  a  visit  to  the  Masonic  Home 


66 


IT  IS  an  imposing  sight  that  greets 
one's  eye  as  he  swings  up  the  broad 
and  well  kept  driveway,  bounded 
by  rolled  lawns,  beautiful  herbage,  and 
conventional  flower  pots.  His  Masonic 
enthusiasm  aroused  by  the  magnificent 
group  of  buildings,  stretching  out  before 
him,  quickly  crystallizes  into  the  emotion 
of  honest  and  righteous  pride. 

"There  before  him  in  endurable  mason- 
ry, in  a  masonry  that  all  the  world  can 
understand,  is  a  tangible  expression  of 
the  Masonry  he  was  taught  behind 
tiled  doors.  There  is  a  'Temple  of 
Peace,'  a  'City  of  Refuge,'  a  'Haven  of 
Comfort'  for  the  needy  and  distressed. 

"There  the  corn  of  nourishment,  the 
wine  of  joy,  and  the  oil  of  peace,  come 
to  those  who  otherwise  would  know  the 
pinch  of  hunger,  the  cup  of  bitterness 
and   the   crushing    fear   of  insecurity." 


(5 


©(S(SOO(S(S^O(5(S(S(S(S(S(SS)(S€)(5(S(S(5^ 


123  ] 


Emil  Steinhorst  &  Sons 


INC. 

UTICA,  N.  Y. 


^Architectural  Sheet 
?Metal  Work 


«*tf3«* 


Sub-Contractors  for  Sheet  Metal  Work,  Tile 
Roofing  and  Ventilating  Soldiers  and  Sailors 
Memorial  Hospital  at  Utica,  N.  Y. 


Thomas  &  Hughes 

Carpenter  Contractors 

New  Masonic  Hospital 


614   CHARLOTTE  STREET 
UTICA,  N.  Y. 


HOr*  irqg)ft 


124  ] 


.   Masonry  During  the 
Civil  War 

WHEN  after  the  election  of  Abraham  Lincoln  as  President  of 
the  United  States,  it  became  evident  that  war  was  inevitable 
to  settle  the  momentous  issue  whether  the  Union  was  to  be 
preserved  or  permitted  to  be  dissolved,  the  hearts  of  the  Masons 
were  perhaps  more  deeply  stirred  than  those  of  any  other  organiza- 
tion of  men.  Political  ties  were  strong,  but  stronger  by  far  was 
felt  to  be  the  mystic  tie  which  bound  together  the  Masons  of  the 
North  and  South  in  an  indissoluble  brotherhood.  The  Grand  Lodge 
of  New  York  was  the  recipient  of  many  communications  from  Grand 
Lodges  and  individual  Masons  in  the  States  which  had  seceded,  im- 
ploring the  exercises  of  her  influence  to  stay  the  impending  strife. 
A  letter  received  from  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Tennessee,  dated  in  May, 
1861,  is  particularly  noteworthy;  the  following  quotations  reveal  the 
feelings  of  the  members  of  the  craft  in  the  South. 

"But  recently  occupying  a  position  of  proud  pre-eminence  among  the 
nations  of  the  earth,  the  hope  of  the  lovers  of  civil  and  religious  freedom, 
we  our  country  now  apparently  upon  the  verge  of  a  conflict  of  arms,  that, 
unless  speedily  arrested,  will  form  a  dark  and  bloody  epoch  in  the  history 
of  the  human  race.  From  the  contemplation  of  the  horrible  spectacle  of 
State  arrayed  against  State,  friend  against  friend,  and  even  brother  against 
brother,  we  shudderingly  look  around  for  some  means  to  escape  from  the 
dire  calamity  that  seems  so  certainly  impending  over  us  as  a  people.  With 
deep  mortification,  and  sorrow,  and  dread,  we  look  into  the  dark  gulf  of 
human  passion:  we  see  its  billows  heaving  with  fearful  excitement,  and, 
horrified  by  the  sight,  we  instinctively  raise  our  feeble  arms,  and,  in  hope- 
lessness of  spirit,  exclaim,  Great  God,  is  there  no  help  in  this  time  of  need? 
Who  may  stay  the  wrath  of  the  whirlwind!" 

An  appeal  for  intervention  is  made.  Then  follow  these  words  of 
Masonic  pleading: 

"If  all  efforts  fail,  if  every  appeal  for  peace  shall  be  thrust  aside,  if  the 
sword  must  still  be  the  last  resort  and  accepted  as  the  final  arbiter,  we 
beseech  the  brethren  engaged  in  the  awful  contest  to  remember  that  a  fallen 
foe  is  still  a  brother,  and  as  such   is  entitled  to  warmest    sympathies  and 

[125] 


x®>*-= 


ESTABLISHED  1843 

Frederic  Riker 

FUNERAL 
DIRECTOR 


130   SEVENTH    AVENUE 

Corner  Carroll  Street 

BROOKLYN        NEW  YORK 
Long  Distance  Phone  0919  South 


HOTEL  MARTIN 

UTICA  NEW  YORK 

In  the  heart  of  the 
business  section 


LUNCHEON   .75 

DINNER      $1.50 

also 
A  LA  CARTE 

service 
CAFETERIA 
in   connection 


I. 


•V 


WILLIAM  M.  MARTIN 

President  and  Manager 


THOS.  R. 
BAILEY  Sf  CO., 

'Painting  and 
TDecorating 


9 


5  27  Washington  Street 
Utica,  N.  Y. 


( 3332  / 
Phones  <  2626  >  Gramercy 

W.H.LUB0LD 

"Restaurant 

6  West  24th   Street 
New  York 

Luncheon  and  Dinner 
Specialties 

A  la  Carte  Service 
until  8  p.  m. 

Rates   for    dinner  parties  and 
banquets  on  request 


SCG^E 


E*^S), 


:i 


[126] 


Masonry  During  the  Civil  War 


kindliest  attentions.  If  war  cannot  be  averted  or  turned  aside,  let  every 
brother  use  his  utmost  endeavors,  and,  as  far  as  lies  in  his  power,  rob  it  of 
some  of  its  horrors.  While  each  is  true  to  his  sense  of  public  and  patriotic 
duty,  on  whichever  side  he  may  be  arrayed,  we  earnestly  urge  that  he  shall 
also  be  true  to  those  high  and  holy  teachings  inculcated  by  our  Order." 

The  letter  closes  with  the  prayer  that  "God,  in  His  infinite  mercy, 
may  yet  incline  the  hearts  of  His  people  to  ways  of  peace,"  and  that 
"He  may  dissipate  and  disperse  the  storm-cloud  of  destruction  which 
seems  to  hang  so  fearfully  above  us." 

The  Grand  Lodge  of  New  York,  at  its  Annual  Communication,  in 
June,  1861,  referred  the  memorial,  with  similar  letters,  to  a  com- 
mittee of  which  Past  Grand  Master  John  L.  Lewis,  Jr.,  was  chair- 
man, which  reported  that  no  inquiry  could  be  made  into  the  subject 
and  no  appropriate  action  suggested,  without  discussing  political 
questions  and  affairs  of  civil  government,  all  of  which  was  clearly 
outside  of  the  province  of  Masonry.  A  courteous  reply  was  ordered 
and  the  subject  dropped. 

Out  of  518  Lodges  on  the  Grand  Lodge  register,  410  were  repre- 
sented at  the  Annual  Communication,  in  1861,  under  the  Grand 
Mastership  of  John  W.  Simons.  It  was  the  largest  assemblage  of 
Masons  ever  brought  together  in  Grand  Lodge.  The  prevailing 
harmony  was  inspiring.  At  a  time  when  civil  society  was  "convulsed 
to  its-  utmost  depths,"  Grand  Master  Simons  could  point  with  pride 
to  Masonry,  "calm  and  dispassionate,  pursuing,  with  measured  and 
unfaltering  step,  the  mission  set  apart  unto  her,  and  closing  the 
avenues  of  her  temples  from  the  very  echo  of  discord  and  strife." 

MILITARY  LODGES 

Applications  were  received  for  dispensations  to  permit  the  forma- 
tion of  Lodges  in  several  regiments.  Under  the  Constitution,  as  it 
stood,  such  dispensations  could  not  be  granted.  The  Grand  Lodge 
felt  inclined  to  meet  the  wishes  of  the  applicants.  Accordingly,  the 
Grand  Master  was  authorized  to  issue  "letters  of  dispensation  for 
the  formation  of  traveling  Lodges,"  suggesting,  however,  that  this 
authority  be  exercised  "under  such  restrictions  and  limitations,  juris- 
dictional and  otherwise,  as  may  seem  necessary  to  conduce  to  the 
best  interests  of  the  craft." 

Grand  Master  Finlay  M.  King  who  succeeded  John  W.  Simons,  in 
1861,  issued  dispensations  for  the  formation  of  eight  "traveling 
Lodges": 

Scott,  in  Excelsior  Brigade. 

National  Zouaves,  in   10th  Regt.,  N.  Y.      Volunteers. 

New  York  Militia,   in  21st  Regt.,  N.  Y.   S.  Militia. 

[127] 


r.o^ 


f 


-=**d 


am 


V 


The  Nassau  Hotel 

LONG  BEACH,  L.  I. 

Open  *All  Tear 


Conventions  and   Banouets  a   Specialty 


I 


iC<2^= 


JAGELS  &  BELLIS 
High  Grade  Coals 

FULLER  BUILDING 
23rd  St.  and  Broadway 


NEW  YORK  CITY  N.  Y 


[128] 


=k^2)3 


A 


Masonry  During  the  Civil  War 


American  Union,  in  21st  Regt.,  N.  Y.  Volunteers. 
Scott  Life  Guard,  in  38th  Regt.,  N.  Y.  Volunteers. 
Robert  Anderson,  in   Anderson   Zouaves  Regt. 
Niagara  Military,  in  28th  Regt.,  N.  Y.  Volunteers. 

In  1864  Grand  Master  Clinton  F.  Paige  expressed  himself  firmly 
and  unalterably  opposed  to  traveling  Military  Lodges,  declaring, 

"I  can  discover  no  principles  of  Masonic  law  nor  equity  that  will  justify 
us  in  sending  one  of  our  Lodges  into  another  jurisdiction  temporarily, 
that  would  not  with  equal  propriety  allow  us  to  establish  a  lodge  perma- 
nently therein.  Entertaining  these  views,  I  declined  granting  such  dispen- 
sations, and  submit  the  question  to  the  better  judgment  of  the  Grand 
Lodge." 

The  Grand  Lodge  thereupon  voted  against  "the  further  establish- 
ment or  continuance  of  Military  Lodges." 

WAR    INCIDENTS 

An  interesting  incident  of  the  war  was  related  to  the  Grand 
Lodge,  in  1862,  by  Dr.  John  J.  Crane,  then  Deputy  Grand  Master. 
Jackson  H.  Chase,  a  past  Master  of  Temple  Lodge,  Albany,  who  was 
Quartermaster  of  the  Third  Regiment,  New  York  Volunteers,  had 
found  that  among  the  deserted  buildings  in  the  village  of  Hampton, 
Virginia,  there  was  a  Masonic  Hall  open  to  depredation.  He  reported 
the  discovery  to  the  commander,  Major-General  Butler,  who  was 
also  a  Mason.  An  inspection  was  made  and  the  furniture,  regalia, 
warrants  (one  of  them  dated  1787),  jewels,  tools,  minutes  and  other 
properties  were  found  intact.  They  belonged  to  St.  Tammany  Lodge, 
No.  5.  The  commander  ordered  the  material  to  be  placed  in  custody 
within  the  Union  lines  until  it  could  be  restored  to  its  rightful  owners. 
Dr.  Crane,  on  being  advised  of  this  action,  suggested  that  the  prop- 
erties should  be  forwarded,  under  a  flag  of  truce,  to  Grand  Secretary 
John  Dove,  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Virginia,  as  the  rightful  custodian, 
in  the  absence  of  the  officers  of  St.  Tammany  Lodge.  His  suggestion 
was  carried  out. 

The  following  is  another  of  the  many  war  incidents  reported  to 
the  Grand  Lodge:  A  Brother,  Edwin  Cole,  private  in  the  71st  Regi- 
ment, New  York  Volunteers,  and  member  of  Hope  Lodge,  No.  244, 
was  severely  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run  and  taken  prisoner. 
At  New  Orleans,  where  he  was  taken,  his  sufferings  became  known 
to  Grand  Master  J.  Q.  A.  Fellows,  of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Louisiana, 
who  provided  at  once  for  the  comfort  of  Brother  Cole,  and  on  learn- 
ing that  there  were  eight  other  Masons  among  the  war  prisoners  in 
the  city,  supplied  them  with  clothing,  medical  attendance  and  food. 
The  Grand  Lodge  of  New  York  was  informed  by  Brother  Cole,  what 

[129] 


The  Balsams 

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[130] 


Masonry  During  the  Civil  War 


kindness  had  been  shown  to  him  and  his  brethren,  and  a  resolution  of 
grateful  acknowledgment  was  ordered  sent  to  Brother  Fellows  for 
his  fraternal  action.' 

Charles  Roome,  who  later  became  Grand  Master  (in  1879),  raised 
a  regiment  (37th  National  Guard),  which  he  equipped  and  com- 
manded. The  Federal  Government  honored  him  with  a  commission 
as  Breret  Brigadier-General. 

General  Ely  S.  Parker,  who  served  on  the  staff  of  General 
Grant,  and  as  military  secretary  drew  up  the  first  copy  of  the  terms 
of  capitulation  of  General  Lee  at  Appomattox,  was  a  full-blooded 
Seneca  Indian,  a  grand-nephew  of  Red  Jacket  and  Chief  of  the  Six 
Nations.  He  was  made  a  Mason  in  Batavia  Lodge,  No.  475,  and  later 
served  as  Master  of  Akron  Lodge,  No.  527. 

The  custom  having  spread  through  Lodges  of  the  State  of  pre- 
senting individual  members  serving  in  the  army,  with  swords,  sashes 
and  other  insignia  of  war,  accompanying  the  presentation  with  ex- 
pressions not  in  harmony  with  the  pure  tenets  of  the  craft,  the  Grand 
Master  promptly  issued  a  letter  asking  all  Lodges  to  refrain  from  the 
practice. 

The  street  procession  held  in  New  York  City,  as  part  of  the 
municipal  exercises  in  conection  with  the  burial  of  President  Abra- 
ham Lincoln,  in  April,  1865,  was  participated  in  by  more  than  five 
thousand  Brethren,  forming  a  separate  division. 

PEACE  RESTORED 

As  the  Grand  Lodge  had  kept  itself  scrupulously  free  from  inter- 
ference in  politics  at  the  beginning  of  the  war,  when  its  sympathies 
were  appealed  to  by  Masonic  bodies  of  the  South,  to  lend  the  power  of 
its  influence  to  help  avert  the  threatening  civil  war,  so  it  avoided  giv- 
ing encouragement  to  any  political  movement,  however  much  the  ob- 
ject might  accord  with  the  principles  of  Freemasonry.  Grand  Master 
Finlay  M.  King  thus  would  take  no  part  in  a  proposed  Peace  Con- 
ference of  Masons,  which  was  to  be  held  at  Louisville,  in  1861,  declar- 
ing that  neither  Masonic  organizations  nor  their  official  representa- 
tives, as  such,  had  the  right  to  interfere  in  affairs  pertaining  to  the 
political  government  of  the  country. 

The  proper  field  of  Freemasonry  was  pointed  out  by  Grand  Master 
Robert  D.  Holmes,  when,  after  the  close  of  the  war,  the  extreme  suf- 
fering of  the  people  of  the  South  becoming  known  in  the  North,  he 
said,  in  1867: 

"I  call  attention  urgently  to  the  fact  that,  although  much  has  been  done 
to  relieve  the  fearful  distress  of  our  brethren  and  those  dependent  on  them, 
in  that  section  of  our  country,  yet  much  remains  to  done  by  our  hands. 

[131] 


?C(sV*= 


ER^c>: 


as 


I 


ERECTED  TO  THE  MEMORY  OF 

M-.W-JOHN  STEWART 

BY  HIS  MASONIC   FRIENDS 


Bronze  Tablet 

Designed  by  H.    P.    KllOwleS,  Architect 

Qast  by 

Jno.  Williams,  inc. 

Bronze   Foundry   and   Wrought   Iron   Works 

Architectural  Bronze,  Wire  Mesh  Work,  Honor  Rolls 
Memorial  and  Historical  Tablets 

Foundry  and  Shops:  536  to  556  W.  27th  St.,  549  to  555  W.  26th  St. 

Office:  556  W.  27th  St.,  New  York 

We  Specialize  in  the  Lighting 

of 

^hlasonic  buildings 

CONSULT  US 

for 

Concealed    Lighting    Effects 

STAINED     GLASS    ILLUMINATION 

POLARALITE    SIGNS 


I.  P.  FRINK, 


INC. 


24TH  Street  and   ioth  Avenue,  New  York 


SAN   FRANCISCO 
PHILADELPHIA 


CHICAGO 
CLEVELAND 


BOSTON 
CINCINNATI 


aC 


,(^E 


=*r<D, 


'.»; 


[132] 


Maso?iry  During  the  Civil  War 


.   .   .  Famine,  distress,  and  want  point  the  road  to  duty.     A  labor  of  charity 
is  before  us,  let  it  be  performed  promptly  and  generously." 

It  is  interesting  to  note,  in  passing,  that,  after  the  war  had  ended, 
membership  of  the  Lodges  increased  by  leaps  and  bounds.  This 
peculiar  phenomenon  is  revealed  again,  in  our  day,  when  all  Grand 
Lodges  report  staggeringly  large  after-war  gains  in  numbers.  In 
1861,  there  were  in  the  State  of  New  York,  30,835  Master  Masons 
affiliated  with  the  regular  Lodges;  in  1871,  that  number  had  risen 
to  77,079.  The  increase  in  the  population  of  the  State,  during  this 
same  period,  was  less  than  forty  per  cent.,  while  that  of  the  Frater- 
nity was  almost  150  per  cent.  It  is  significant,  too,  that,  after  rising, 
in  1876,  or  about  ten  years  after  the  close  of  the  war,  to  83,594,  the 
membership  fell  off  rapidly,  due  to  non-affiliation,  so  that  in  1881,  or 
five  years  after  the  high-water  mark  had  been  reached,  there  were 
only  71,788  Master  Masons  in  good  and  regular  standing. 

Perhaps  there  is  a  practical  suggestion  here  for  the  present  day. 
Shall  we  be  able  to  keep  alive  the  interest  in  Freemasonry  enkindled 
in  the  thousands  who  have  been  drawn  into  our  Lodges  during  and 
since  the  last  great  war? 


f  133] 


5f, 


(5^s 


l 


Masonic   Club  of  the  City 
of  New  York 

LOCATED  AT  THE  IMPERIAL  HOTEL 

32ND   STREET  AND   BROADWAY 

J\(ew  York 


Comfortable  quarters  include  library 
billiard  room,  card  rooms,  etc. 

? 

We  cordially  extend  the  courtesies  of  the  Qlub 
to  Exposition  patrons 

BRACKETT  &   COLT 

INCORPORATED 

14.OO  Broadway,  ^(ew  York^ 


CONTRACTING    ENGINEERS 
LIGHT     ::      HEAT     ::      POWER 


Industrial  Installations 
Transmission  Lines 
Underground  Construction 
Electric  Power  Plants 
Wiring  for  Light,  Heat  and  Power 
Signal  Systems 


Heating  Installations 
Steam,  Vacuum,  Hot  Water 
Steam  Power  Plants 
Pipe  Line  Construction 
Drainage  and  Sanitation 
Marine  Work 


SSG^e 


=r<i2>** 


'Ji 


[134] 


Cornerstone  Laying  of  Public 
Buildings  and  Monuments 

THE  Grand  Lodge  of  New  York  has  to  its  credit  the  ceremonial 
laying  of  cornerstones  of  hundreds  of  public  buildings  and 
monuments  in  the  State.  They  include  court  houses,  city 
halls,  libraries,  churches,  schools,  asylums,  post  offices  and  other 
Federal  edifices,  soldiers'  and  sailors'  monuments,  the  Washington 
Memorial  Arch  in  New  York  City,  armories,  universities,  State  and 
County  buildings. 

The  laying  of  the  cornerstone  of  the  Egyptian  Obelisk,  in  Central 
Park,  New  York  City,  was  an  occasion  of  especial  moment.  Nine 
thousand  Masons,  all  appareled  in  regulation  black  frock  coats,  silk 
hats,  white  gloves  and  white  aprons,  marched  in  procession,  escorted 
by  uniformed  Knights  Templar.  The  Obelisk,  weighing  forty-three 
tons,  had  been  brought  from  Egypt,  together  with  the  pieces  forming 
the  foundation,  by  Lieut.  Henry  H.  Gorringe,  of  the  United  States 
Navy,  a  member  of  Anglo-Saxon  Lodge,  No.  137,  of  Brooklyn.  It  had 
stood  originally  at  Heliopolis  until,  in  23  B.  C.  it  was  removed  to 
Alexandria.  It  was  one  of  the  two  stones  known  as  Cleopatra's 
Needles.  The  second  stone  was  taken  to  London,  and  is  now  standing 
on  the  Thames. 

Lieutenant  Gorringe,  William  Henry  Hulburt,  of  the  New  York 
World,  on  behalf  of  William  P.  Vanderbilt  whose  public-spirited  gen- 
erosity had  enabled  the  city  to  obtain  the  monument,  and  William 
Sherer,  speaking  for  Anglo-Saxon  Lodge,  united  in  an  invitation  to 
the  Grand  Lodge  to  perform  the  Masonic  ceremony  of  laying  the 
cornerstone.  The  invitation  was  accepted.  The  cornerstone,  enclos- 
ing a  memorial  box,  was  laid  in  accordance  with  the  traditional  ritual 
of  the  craft.    This  was  on  October  9,  1880. 

On  August  5,  1884,  in  response  to  an  invitation  from  the  American 
Committee  of  the  Statue  of  Liberty,  Grand  Master  William  A.  Brodie, 

[135] 


Kg**  **&, 


ai 


HERMAN   A.   METZ 


HOME  AND  ASYLUM 
COMMITTEE 


JOSEPH   SHENK 

T^eal  Estate 


55a  RIVERSIDE  DRIVE 
NEW  YORK 


Established  1878  Cable  Address:  Joiner,  Newyork. 

Incorporated  1906  A.  B.  C.  and  Lieber  Codes  Used 

FRENKEL  &  CO.,  i™. 

Cjeneral  Insurance 

EIGHTY  MAIDEN   LANE,  NEW  YORK 

eighth  floor 

Notary  Public  Telephone  5555  John 

CJKelL  Records 

MANUFACTURED  BY 

General    Phonograph    Corporation 

OTTO  HEI  NEMAN,  President 

j    25  WEST  45TH  STREET     -      "      NEW  YORK     * 

[136] 


Cornerstone  Laying 


assisted  by  his  associate  Grand  Lodge  officers,  laid  the  cornerstone 
of  the  pedestal  of  the  Bartholdi  Statue  of  Liberty  Enlightening  the 
World,  on  Bedloe's  Island,  in  New  York  Harbor.  The  box  placed 
under  the  stone  contained  many  rare  memorials,  among  them  nine- 
teen bronze  medals  from  the  United  States  Mint,  representing  as 
many  Presidents  of  the   Federal  Government. 

Although  cornerstones  of  public  buildings  and  monuments  had  been 
laid  by  representatives  of  the  Grand  Lodge  from  the  beginning  of  the 
history  of  the  State,  voices  of  opponents  began  to  be  heard  question- 
ing the  propriety  of  the  procedure.  The  Grand  Master  took  occasion, 
therefore,  to  offer  words  of  explanation,  at  the  laying  of  the  corner- 
stone of  the  Statue  of  Liberty.  He  said  that  the  Fraternity  had  been 
called  upon  for  this  service  because  it  had  become  a  common  law 
practice  the  world  over  to  invite  the  Masonic  craft  to  lay  the  corner- 
stones of  public  structures,  in  time-honored  recognition  of  the  fact 
that,  symbolically  at  least,  the  Freemasons  of  the  present  are  the 
descendants  of  the  ancient  operative  Masons  who  built  the  world's 
great  masterworks  of  architecture.  There  was,  besides,  a  special 
reason : 

"No  institution  has  done  more  to  promote  liberty  and  to  free  men  from 
the  trammels  and  chains  of  ignorance  and  tyranny,  than  Freemasonry,  and 
we,  as  a  Fraternity,  take  an  honest  pride  in  depositing  the  cornerstone  of 
the  pedestal  of  the  Statue  of  Liberty  Enlightening  the  World." 


[137] 


? 


GV* 


Tiling  and  Marble  Work  in  the  Soldiers  and 
Sailors  Memorial  Hospital  at  Utica,  N.  Y. 

Installed  by 

STEARNS  &  HOLMES,  Inc. 

Tiling — Marble — Slate 


Branch 

Jefferson  Co.,  National  Bank  Bldg. 

watertown,  n.  y. 


305  MONTGOMERY  ST. 
SYRACUSE,     N.Y. 


I 


The  Lankton-Burke  Co. 

INCORPORATED 

TUnbtrtnkpVB 


12  STEUBEN  PARK 


UTICA,  N.  Y 


The  William  Trimbey  Company 
Wholesale  Grocers 


Importers  and  Jobbers 

of  Teas,  Coffees 

and  Spices 


141  HOTEL  STREET 


UTICA,  N.  Y. 


GLOVERS 

Imperial 
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Free  Book  on  "Dog  Diseases 
and    How    to    Feed    Them 
mailed   on    application    to 

H.  Clay  Glover,V.  S.  S&1SL- 

129  W.  24tn  ST.. NEW  YORKNg^'  '  ■■■^'—.  '■'-'*!_ 


■«.' 


,<2^E 


*^: 


I 


JM 


[138] 


The  War  Relief  Administration 

THE  Great  War  into  which  America  entered  on  the  6th  day  of 
April,  1917,  involved  the  participation,  it  is  believed  of  not 
less  than  10  per  cent,  of  the  total  armed  forces  of  the  United 
States  of  America  who  were  Free  Masons,  and  this  proportion,  apply- 
ing to  the  entire  country,  was  not  less  for  the  State  of  New  York. 
Not  all  this  number  served  Overseas,  but  were  fairly  equally  dis- 
tributed between  Overseas  and  Home  service. 

Grand  Lodge  sat  on  the  first  Tuesday  of  May,  1917,  and  with  ap- 
preciation of  the  duties  and  opportunities  which  the  situation  would 
present  to  Free  Masonry,  pledged  its  funds  and  unlimited  patriotism 
and  support,  but  took  no  constructive  action  respecting  the  War  and 
participation  therein. 

During  the  summer  of  1917  this  received  careful  consideration  by 
Grand  Master  Penney  and  his  associates,  and  resulted  in  the  recon- 
vening of  the  136th  Annual  Comunication  of  Grand  Lodge,  which  sat 
again  on  September  10,  1917,  and  legislated  for  the  purposes  of  the 
War.  The  matter  of  the  proposed  legislation  had  been  committed 
to  a  Committee  Plan  and  Scope  of  Masonic  Service  during  the  War, 
which  recommended  among  other  things  ministering  to  all  men  in 
the  service  and  the  accumulation  of  a  fund  of  not  less  than  a  million 
dollars  for  the  purpose  of  defraying  the  expense  thereof  and  affording 
such  relief  as  might  become  necessary  to  men  in  the  service,  and 
their  families  and  dependents.  Promptly  thereafter  the  accumulation 
of  the  War  Relief  Fund  was  undertaken. 

At  the  137th  Annual  Communication  of  Grand  Lodge  the  organiza- 
tion of  the  War  Relief  Administration  was  authorized,  to  comprise  in 
its  membership  (1)  the  elected  Grand  Lodge  Officers,  (2)  the  active 
Past  Grand  Masters  who  are  members  of  the  Committee  on  Hall  and 
Asylum,  (3)  the  Judge  Advocate,  (4)  the  Chief  Commissioner  of 
Appeals,  (5)  two  Past  Masters  of  up-State  Lodges,  (6)  two  Past 
Masters  of  Metropolitan  District  Lodges,  (7)  one  Brother  selected  at 
large,  a  total  of  nineteen,  and  its  incorporation  was  authorized. 

Grand  Master  Farmer  added  two  to  this  number  for  reasons  which 
seemed  good  to  him,  and  his  action,  reported  at  the  138th  Annual 
Communication,  was  approved,  thus  making  a  Board  of  twenty-one. 

On  the  3d  of  February,  1919,  the  War  Relief  Administration  thus 
composed,  was  incorporated  under  the  Membership  Corporation  Law 
of  the  State  of  New  York,  and  its  first  officers  were,  President, 
M.'.W.'.William  Sherer;  Vice-President,  M.'-W-'. Charles  Smith;  Sec- 

[139] 


Our  Service  to  Tou 

The  making  of  portraits  by  photography.    Persever- 
ing study   and   application  have  made  us  experts  in 
the  delineation  of  character  with  the  camera. 
We   have   a   full   line  of  views  of  the  grounds   and 
buildings  of  the  Masonic  Home  on  sale. 

CARL  K.  FREY,  247  Genesee  Street 

Photographist,  Utica,  N.   Y. 

"The  House  of  Good  Service' 

STRADLING 

Plumbing  and    Heating   Company 
STERLING  RANGES 

50  Genesee  Street  Utica,  N.  Y. 

SHAUGHNESSY  BROS. 

Hardware 

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143  Genesee  Street  Arcade  Building 

UTICA,  N.  Y. 

Nellis,  Amos  &  Swift 

RETAIL 

LUMBER 

Planing  Mills  ^  Yards  and  Office 

305  TILDEN  AVENUE  UTICA,   N.  Y. 

[140] 


The  War  Relief  Administration 


retary,  M.'-W-'-Robert  Judson  Kenworthy;  Treasurer,  Bro.  Walter  E. 
Frew. 

Of  course,  it  was  expected  that  the  occasion  for  financial  relief  to 
distressed,  disabled  brethren  and  their  dependents  would  be  prompt 
and  insistent,  and  to  some  extent  this  expectation  was  realized;  but 
fortunately  the  brief  duration  of  the  War  and  the  comparatively  light 
casualties  suffered  by  the  Fraternity  greatly  reduced  the  calls  upon 
the  Administration  and  the  demands  upon  its  resources. 

In  a  number  of  instances  loans  were  made  in  1918  and  1919  to 
service  men  or  their  dependents,  all  of  which  have  been  repaid.  The 
fund  to  finance  the  Mission  to  Free  Masons  Overseas  was  supplied  by 
the  Adminstration  and  a  part  thereof  expended. 

The  War  having  ended  November  11,  1918,  Grand  Master  Farmer 
suggested  that  out  of  the  unexpended  balance  of  the  fund  there  be 
constructed  at  Utica  a  "Soldiers  and  Sailors  Memorial  Hospital"  as 
a  memorial  to  our  men  who  served  in  the  War  and  to  supply  the  cry- 
ing need  of  ministering  to  the  physically  indigent  for  whom  we  had 
never  found  room  or  wherewithal.  Grand  Lodge  approved  the  plan, 
and  the  cornerstone  of  the  building  was  laid  with  appropriate  cere- 
mony September  20,  1919,  by  Grand  Master  Farmer. 

Among  the  various  activities  of  the  Administration  were  the  main- 
tenance during  the  War  of  Sea  and  Field  Club  in  Masonic  Hall,  New 
York  City,  for  service  men,  allied  with  the  War  Camp  Community 
service,  which  furnished  recreation  and  comfort  to  many  thousands 
of  members  of  the  fraternity  coming  from  every  Grand  Lodge  juris- 
diction in  the  United  States,  and  their  friends.  The  activities  of  the 
Masonic  Mission  in  France  are  well  known  and  involved  the  services 
therein  of  six  representative  members  of  the  Fraternity  dispatched 
from  America,  who  devoted  themselves  to  that  activity.  After  the 
Armistice  our  boys  who  had  been  Overseas  were  gradually  returning 
to  this  country,  many  of  them  sick  and  disabled,  and  in  great  physical 
and  mental  distress.  For  months  they  were  established  in  various 
debarkation  hospitals  in  and  about  the  City  of  New  York,  where  the 
Administration,  through  Committees  organized  for  the  purpose,  min- 
istered to  them  unremittingly.  The  Administration  also  rendered 
useful  service  in  tracing  missing  Brethren  and  in  establishing  com- 
munication between  men  and  their  friends. 

Soon  the  occasion  for  the  existence  of  the  War  Relief  Administra- 
tion will  have  passed,  and  it,  too,  will  have  passed  into  history,  having 
during  its  approximately  four  years  of  life  received  and  disbursed 
considerably  more  than  a  million  dollars  and  engaged  in  the  various 
activities  of  ministering  to  the  service  men  during  their  mobilization 
and  before  embarkation,  and  again  thereafter  on  their  return  home; 
ministering  also  to  them  while  engaged  in  the  service  Overseas;  re- 
lieving their  dependents  financially  distressed,  and  finally  in  erecting, 
equipping  and  turning  over  complete  a  magnificent  building  intended 
for  kind  and  loving  accommodation  and  service  to  the  sick  and 
distressed. 

[141] 


Williams  &  Morgan 

Quality  Furniture 

31   GENESEE  STREET  I IO  JOHN  STREET 

UTICA,  N.  Y. 

Trommer's  Malt  Brew 

LIGHT  and  DARK 

Brewed   from   the  Finest  Selected   Imported   Hops   and  the  Choicest   Barley 

Malt  obtainable 

Order  a  case  for  your  home  to-day  and  be  convinced  of  its  superiority 

JOHN  F.  TROMMER,  inc.,  Evergreen  Brewery 

Bushwick  Avenue  and  Conway  Street  ::  ::  BROOKLYN,  N.  Y. 

On  Draught  and  in  Bottles 

(Imtilever 

414  FULTON  STREET  22  WEST  39TH  STREET 

(over  Schrafft's)  (near  Fifth  Avenue) 

BROOKLYN  NEW  YORK 


ORANGE  PEKOE  TEA 

Makes  GOOD  Tea  a  Certainty 

[142] 


The  Grand  Master's  Message 
to  the  Craft 


EXTRACTS  FROM  THE  ADDRESS  OF  M.\W.  .ROBERT  HUGH 
ROBINSON  TO  THE  GRAND  LODGE,  MAY,  1921 


WITH  grateful  acknowledgment  of  all  the  many  blessings  that 
have  been  showered  upon  us,  with  profound  thanksgiving  to 
our  Heavenly  Father  for  His  abounding  goodness  to  us,  with 
constant  and  enduring  faith  in  His  Almighty  power  to  guide  us,  with 
steadfast  unwavering  hope  in  the  usefulness  the  future  has  in  store 
for  us,  with  sincere  and  unfeigned  love  to  all  the  brethren  that  is 
born  of  a,  though  humanly  limited,  yet  earnest  appreciation  and  ap- 
prehension of  the  illimitable  love  of  our  Father,  God,  to  each  of  us, 
with  a  keen  sense  of  the  responsibility  that  rests  upon  us  and  en- 
couraged by  a  firm  belief  in  your  wisdom  and  fidelity,  I  greet  you  in 
the  spirit  of  true  fraternity  and  welcome  you  most  heartily  to  this 
our  Annual  Communication. 

A  reference  to  preceding  annual  addresses  of  Grand  Masters  re- 
veals very  singular  prophecies  and  hopes  as  to  the  influence  of  Free 
Masonry  on  World  Conditions  as  they  exist  today.  Predictions  made 
as  to  the  potential  strength  of  the  Craft  as  an  influential  force  for 
righteousness  have  come  and  are  coming  true,  hopes  expressed  that 
our  great  institution  in  pointing  to  lofty  ideals  in  civic  and  social 
life  might  become  a  mighty  factor  in  the  moral  betterment  of  the 
World  have  been  and  are  beng  realized. 

In  the  midst  of  all  the  world  changes,  the  general  unrest,  the 
violent  adjustment  and  readjustment  of  the  level  of  values  and  all  the 
other  apparently  uncontrollable  changes  that  have  taken  place,  in 
face  of  the  threatened  invasion  of  the  peaceful,  regular  and  sane  order 
of  things  by  forces  that  make  for  disorder,  degradation  and  de- 
struction, Free  Masonry,  imbued  with  and  holding  forth  the  invincible 
spirit  of  Americanism,  inculcating  lofty  citizenship  and  the  principles 
of  righteous  and  honorable  living,  looms  forth  more  popular  than  ever 
before  in  its  history  in  its  appeal  to  thousands  of  young  men  as  a 
desirable  and  enviable  haven  of  membership. 

No  institution  builded  on  the  sure  foundation  of  fraternal  right 
and  sending  forth  the  unmistakable  light  of  truth  and  rectitude,  is 
more  approved  and  accepted  today  in  the  minds  of  just  and  honest 
thinking  men  than  is  this  institution  of  ours.  It  is  evidenced  in  the 
veritable  clamor  of  the  many  thousands  of  men  who  are  earnestly 

[143] 


^     THE  ARCHITECTURE,  DECORATION,  ILLUMINATION 
SCENERY   PAINTING  and  BOOTH  EQUIPMENT 

for 

MASONIC  EXPOSITION 

by 

S.    ASCH,  exposition  and  "Park  ^Builder 

383  CANAL  STREET,  NEW  YORK 

Inquiries  solicited  on  Interior  Construction  and  Decoration 

Globe  Grocery  Stores,   inc. 

Operated  by  Jones  Bros.  Tea  Co. 

TOP  QUALITY  at  BOTTOM   PRICES 

Brooklyn  Stores  located  at 
4-6  East  Fifth  Street  745  Flatbush  Avenue 

ao6  Smith  Street  71  Fifth  Avenue 

1624  Newkirk.  Avenue  230  Troy  Avenue 

BROOKLYN,  N.  Y. 


S.  WEIL  &  CO.,  Inc. 

^Makers  of 
WOMEN'S     FOOTWEAR 

379-385  De  Kalb  Avenue,  Brooklyn  NEW  YORK 


Telephones  2323-2324-2325  Gramercy 

TOWER  BROS.  STATIONERY  CO. 

Wholesale,  Retail  and  Manufacturing  STATIONERS 

Loose  Leaf  Devices  a  Specialty  Mail  Orders  given  prompt  attention 

23  WEST  23rd  STREET        ::         NEW  YORK   CITY 

TTpuHnO*    Rr    AnnliaTIPP     Appliances   for    the    Home 
XlCdUIlg     OL   2\ppil<UlCC     Gas andCombination Ranges 

C*t\mr\z»r\\T      Tn/»  Electrical  Refrigerators 

^Ullipdll^,    1IIC.  Radio     ..     Garage  Heaters 

224  GENESEE  STREET,  (next  door  to  Gas  Office,)  UTICA,  N.  Y. 

[144] 


Grand  Master's  Message 


seeking  admission,  it  is  manifest  in  the  attention  attracted  to  it  on 
the  part  of  some  of  the  leading  men  of  the  nation,  it  is  visible  in  the 
greatly  increased  interest  displayed  on  the  part  of  its  votaries  and 
in  the  improved  attendance  at  our  Lodge  meetings,  and  its  is  demon- 
strated in  the  general  acceptance  of  its  unequivocal  loyalty  to  our 
Country,  to  our  Flag  and  to  all  the  high  and  exalted  principles  upon 
which  American  citizenship  is  founded. 

This  is  the  era  of  Masonry's  popularity,  this  is  the  epoch  of 
Masonry's  opportunity,  this  is  the  day  of  Masonry's  responsibility. 
Shall  it  not  be  the  time  of  our  reconsecration  and  rededication?   *   *   * 

I  am  sure  every  Mason  in  the  land  and  particularly  every  New 
York  Mason  felt  the  thrill  of  pride  and  joy  consequent  on  the  promi- 
nent part  that  Free  Masonry  had  in  the  inauguration  as  President  of 
the  United  States  of  our  Brother  Warren  G.  Harding. 

The  Bible  on  which  Brother  George  Washington  took  the  oath  of 
office  as  first  President  of  the  United  States  on  April  30th,  1789,  on 
the  steps  of  the  Federal  Building  in  Wall  Street,  New  York  City,  was 
and  still  is  the  Bible  of  our  own  St.  John's  Lodge  No.  1.  Agreeably 
to  the  request  of  Brother  Harding  that  he  be  granted  the  privilege  of 
taking  the  oath  of  office  on  the  same  Bible,  the  Grand  Master  had  the 
great  pleasure  of  accompanying  the  Committee  of  St.  John's  Lodge 
appointed  to  escort  and  guard  the  Bible  and  witnessing  from  a  prom- 
inent place  on  the  inaugural  stand  the  consummation  of  Brother 
Harding's  desire. 

On  that  famous  Bible,  that  priceless  treasure  of  St.  John's  Lodge, 
Brother  Harding  promised  and  swore  to  defend  the  Constitution  and 
fulfill  the  great  office  of  President,  pressing  his  lips  on  that  verse  in 
the  Prophecy  of  Micah  which  asks,  "What  Doth  God  require  of  thee 
but  to  do  justice,  to  love  mercy  and  to  walk  humbly  before  thy  God?" 
to  which  he  referred  at  the  close  of  his  powerful  address  with  these 
inspiring  words  of  dedication  and  consecration: 

"This  I  Plight  To  God  and  Country." 

Shall  we  not  rejoice  in  the  knowledge  that  the  Masonic  spirit  of 
Brother  George  Washington  still  lives  in  the  heart  and  dominates  the 
will  and  purpose  of  the  Brother  Mason  whom  his  fellow-countrymen 
have  elevated  to  the  highest  office  in  the  land?     *   *   * 

If  there  is  any  virtue  in  retrospect  at  all,  may  we  not  with  pride 
and  honor  harken  to  the  simple  principles  of  life  and  practice  which 
marked  the  work  and  service  of  the  pioneers  in  Masonry  nearly  a 
century  and  a  half  ago. 

Brethren,  the  association  of  the  past  with  the  present  should 
awaken  in  us  the  fervor  of  a  newer  and  livelier  patriotism,  that  our 
work  today  may  be  akin  to  the  service  rendered  by  our  forefathers 
of  the  Craft. 

This  is  no  time  for  pessimism,  timidity  or  hestitation.  The  world 
is  under  a  strain,  it  has  gone  through  an  ordeal  the  greatest  in  his- 
tory, the  need  today  is  for  men  and  more  men  imbued  with  the  true 
spirit  of  Masonry,  inspired  by  its  precepts  and  ennobled  by  the  princi- 
ples it  inculcates,  to  step  forward  and  visualize  by  their  acts  and 
words  the  infallible  truth  of  God's  Fatherhood  and  Man's  Brother- 
hood. 


f  145] 


WILLIAM  SIDNEY  FARMER 
Grand  Master  of  Masons  in  the  State  of  New  York,  1918-1919 


Dedication  of  the  Soldiers  and 
Sailors  Memorial  Hospital 

THE  magnificent  Soldiers'  and  Sailors'  Hospital,  erected  on  the 
grounds  of  the  Masonic  Home  at  Utica,  was  dedicated  on  April 
22,  1922.  Many  thousands  of  Masons  gathered  from  all  parts 
of  the  Empire  State  to  give  expression  to  their  loyalty  to  the  Grand 
Lodge  and  to  share  in  the  joy  of  seeing  the  work  completed  and 
dedicated,  as  a  fitting  and  useful  memorial  to  the  heroism  of  the 
soldiers  and  sailors  who  served  in  the  battle  ranks  of  the  war  for 
the  freedom  of  the  world. 

The  dedication  was  preceded  by  an  inspiring  parade  participated 
in  by  hundreds  of  former  service  men  in  uniform,  and  thousands  of 
other  Masons,  with  bands  playing  and  flags  waving. 

The  dedication  was  simple  and  impressive,  following  the  tradi- 
tional usages  of  the  ancient  craft.  M.'.W. '.Robert  Hugh  Robinson, 
Grand  Master,  officiated.     He  was  assisted  by: 

R.'.W-*. Arthur  S.  Tompkins,  Deputy  Grand  Master. 

R.'.W-'. Harold  J.  Richardson,  Senior  Grand  Warden. 

R.'.W- '-Willi am  A.  Rowan,  Acting  Junior  Grand  Warden. 

R.'.W.'. Christopher  C.  Mollenhauer,  Grand  Treasurer. 

M.'.W-'. Robert  Judson  Kenworthy,  Grand  Secretary. 

R.'.W.'.John  J.  MacCrum,  Grand  Marshal. 

R.'.W- '-William  D.  Manson,  Grand  Standard  Bearer. 

R.'.W- '.Asher  Mayer,   Senior  Grand  Deacon. 

R.'.W- '.Louis  E.  Eaton,  Junior  Grand  Deacon. 

R.'.W. '.Harry  P.  Knowles,  the  Master  Architect  of  the  Memorial 
Hospital. 

M.'.W. '.William  Sidney  Farmer,  Past  Grand  Master,  under  whose 
administration  the  work   of   the    Hospital   was   inaugurated   and   all 

[147] 


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Dedication  of  Soldiers'  and  Sailors'  Memorial  Hospital 

plans  worked  out,  presented  to  the  Grand  Master  the  Golden  Key  to 
the  building. 

R.".W.'.  the  Very  Rev.  Oscar  F.  R.  Treder,  D.D.,  Dean  of  Garden 
City  Cathedral  and  Grand  Chaplain  of  the  Grand  Lodge,  invoked  the 
blessing  of  God  upon  the  beneficent  purposes  to  which  the  Hospital 
was  dedicated. 

The  beautiful  Hospital,  perfect  in  all  its  appointments  and  equipped 
with  every  latest  convenience  which  science  and  thoughtful  solicitude 
for  the  care  and  comfort  of  the  afflicted  could  suggest,  was  made 
possible  by  the  voluntary  contributions  of  the  Masons  in  the  State 
of  New  York.  The  need  of  such  an  institution  had  been  felt  for 
many  years.  Its  establishment  will  enable  the  craft  to  take  care  of 
the  indigent  incurably  sick  in  their  ranks  for  whom  heretofore  no  pro- 
vision had  been  made.  A  conservative  estimate  places  the  cost  of 
maintenance  at  more  than  a  quarter  million  dollars  per  year.  Three 
hundred  and  seventy  thousand  dollars  are  available  for  this  purpose 
now.  An  equal  amount  has  been  pledged,  payable  within  the  next 
three  years.  These  amounts  have  come  from  about  26,000  Masons. 
As  the  membership  of  the  fraternity  in  this  State  is  approximately 
273,000  at  the  present  time,  the  support  of  the  new  undertaking  will 
no  doubt  be  ample,  once  the  resulting  benefits  are  fully  appreciated. 
The  generosity  of  the  craft  in  the  past  is  guarantee  for  the  future. 


149  ] 


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Dedication  Speech 

ARTHUR  S.  TOMPKINS,  Deputy  Grand  Master 

THIS  vast  throng  of  Masons — these  dedicatory  services — the 
great  interest  manifested  in  this  occasion  throughout  our  grand 
jurisdiction — this  splendid  consummation  of  our  hopes  and  our 
united  and  consecrated  labors,  combine  to  make  this  day  one  that 
will  ever  be  memorable  in  the  history  of  Free  Masonry  in  the  State  of 
New  York. 

This  memorial  hospital  symbolizes  the  soul  and  exemplifies  the 
spirit  of  our  fraternity,  and  will  serve  two  great  purposes — it  will 
stand  for  many  generations  as  a  memorial  to  the  patriotism  and 
valor  of  the  Masons  of  our  State  who  gave  their  lives  in  the  World 
War,  and  as  an  expression  of  our  appreciation  of,  and  gratitude  for, 
their  heroic  services  and  sublime  sacrifices  in  the  cause  of  democracy, 
humanity,  justice  and  right. 

Approximately  1,000  young  men  of  our  New  York  State  lodges 
were  among  those  who  did  not  come  back  when,  about  three  years 
ago,  with  glad  acclaim  and  joyous  hearts,  we  hailed  our  victorious 
troops  returning  from  the  battlefields  of  Europe. 

But  these  honored  dead  of  ours  have  not  been  forgotten,  and  will 
not  be.  Their  names  and  the  memory  of  their  services  and  sacrifices 
are  enshrined  in  our  hearts,  and  will  abide  there  forever,  and  this 
structure  will  stand  as  a  permanent  tribute  by  the  living  Masons  of 
our  State  to  their  heroic  and  honored  brethren  who,  on  land  and  sea, 
upheld  the  best  traditions  of  the  American  soldier  and  maintained 
the  highest  ideals  of  American  citizenship,  and  exhibited  that  superb 
valor,  indomitable  courage  and  sublime  heroism  that  have  always 
characterized  the  American  soldier  and  sailor. 

"Theirs  not  to  reason  why, 
Theirs  not  to  make  reply, 
Theirs  but  to  do  and  die." 

For  those  of  our  brethren  who  came  home,  bearing  the  scars  of 
battle,  maimed,  crippled  and  mutilated,  with  broken  bodies,  blind  eyes 
and  shattered  nerves,  this  hospital  has  been  provided  by  the  free  will 
offerings  of  the  members  of  our  craft.  How  splendidly  and  gen- 
erously our  lodges  and  their  members  responded  to  the  appeal — no, 

[151  ] 


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Dedication  Speech 


not  appeal,  an  appeal  was  not  necessary,  but  to  the  suggestions  of 
Grand  Masters  Farmer  and  Robinson,  for  the  erection,  equipment  and 
maintenance  of  this  institution. 

The  promptness,  generosity  and  gladness  of  your  response  has 
never  been  surpassed  or  equaled  in  any  other  similar  enterprise  in 
the  history  of  the  State — a  splendid  tribute  to  the  spirit  and  character 
of  our  membership,  and  the  virtue  and  value  of  Free  Masonry. 

This  hospital  is  not  only  for  our  sick,  wounded  and  disabled  soldiers 
and  sailors,  but  for  all  Masons  and  their  wives,  widows  and  children 
who  may  need  its  ministrations  and  care.  We  shall  have  here  where 
all  men  may  see  and  know,  a  concrete  and  practical  demonstration 
of  the  heart  of  masonry  and  the  spirit  of  Masonic  service — a  tangible 
and  practical  expression  of  its  noblest  ideals  and  highest  aspirations. 

This  wonderful  event  in  the  history  of  our  fraternity  should  have 
its  lesson  for  us.  We  should  not  go  back  to  our  homes  and  our  lodges 
without  some  good  and  wholesome  blessing  to  cheer  our  hearts  and  in- 
spire our  lives  and  stimulate  our  activities.  Let  this  be  the  answer 
to  the  challenge  of  this  occasion — that  as  an  expression  of  our  grati- 
tude to  the  wise  founders  of  our  ancient  and  honorable  institution, 
and  as  a  token  of  our  appreciation  of  all  that  has  been  done  and 
given  for  the  completion  of  this  great  project,  and  as  a  manifestation 
of  our  joy  in  the  success  that  this  day  gloriously  crowns,  we  renew 
our  vows  as  Masons  and  rededicate  and  reconsecrate  ourselves,  and  all 
we  are  and  have,  to  the  service  of  God  and  the  cause  of  Masonry, 
and  the  useful,  practical  and  unselfish  service  of  others,  realizing  that 
the  highest  worship  of  God  is  the  service  of  man. 

We  were  thrilled  by  the  story  of  the  American  captain  in  the 
great  war,  who  called  for  five  volunteers  to  step  forward  for  very 
hazardous  service,  so  dangerous  that  death  was  almost  certain  to  be 
the  result.  After  making  his  appeal,  the  captain's  attention  was 
diverted  from  his  company  for  a  moment,  and  when  he  turned  back 
and  observed  no  change  in  the  alignment  of  his  men,  he  thought 
there  had  been  no  response  to  his  appeal,  and  was  about  to  rebuke 
them  for  their  cowardice,  when  a  subordinate  officer  called  his  at- 
tention to  the  fact  that  every  man  of  the  company  had  moved  forward 
one  step — every  man  had  volunteered,  and  was  ready  for  service  and 
death.  That  was  the  spirit  of  the  American  soldier  and  has  been 
through  all  our  country's  history;  that  was  the  spirit  of  the  men  in 
whose  honor  this  hospital  has  been  erected  and  dedicated. 

Let  that  be  the  spirit  of  all  of  us,  militant,  Americans  and  Masons, 
let  us  be  ready  to  respond  to  the  call  of  our  country  and  our  craft — 
ready  for  every  duty— ready  to  march  in  solid  column  for  God,  our 
country  and  our  fellow  men. 


[153] 


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TF  we  sit  down  at  set  of  sun 

-**■     And  count  the  things   that  we  have 
done, 

And,  counting,  find 
One  self-denying  act,  one  word 
That  eased  the  heart  of  him  that  heard, 

One  glance  most  kind, 
That  fell  like  sunshine  where  it  went, 
Then  we  may  count  the  day  well  spent. 

But  if  through  all  the  livelong  day 
We've  eased  no  heart  by  yea  or  nay; 

If  through  it  all 
We've  nothing  done  that  we  can  trace 
That  brought  the  sunshine  to  a  face, 

No  act  most  small 
That  helped  some  soul,  and  nothing  cost, 
Then  count  that  day  as  worse  than  lost. 

—  Ella  Wheeler  Wilcox 


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The  Craftsman's  Judgment 

WE  are  indebted  to  St.  John's  Lodge  No.  1,  Wilmington,  N.  C, 
for  the  following  excellent  article  which  appeared  in  their 
Notice  of  March  11,  1920: 
In  the  Jerusalem  Targum  it  is  recorded,  that  during  the  building 
of  the  Temple,  the  illustrious  Solomon,  King  of  Israel,  had  frequent 
occasion  to  exercise  his  judgment  in  deciding  cases  of  dispute,  which 
occasionally  arose  between  the  workmen,  and  from  the  satisfaction 
which  his  decisions  invariably  gave,  acquired  the  surname  of  the 
Wise,  a  title  of  which  he  became  at  last  so  vain,  that  the  Great  Archi- 
tect of  the  world,  by  whom,  doubtless,  he  had  been  inspired,  thought 
fit,  in  his  mercy  and  wisdom,  to  reprove  him ;  for  as  the  Rabinical 
writer,  Tarasi,  justly  observes,  "Vanity  is  a  serpent  that  devoureth 
the  core  of  wisdom." 

One  of  the  Overseers,  or  men  entrusted  with  the  direction  of  the 
works  and  the  payment  of  the  men,  being  summoned  to  attend  a  meet- 
ing of  his  class,  called  to  him  two  of  the  Craftsmen,  and  placed  in 
their  hands  a  sum  of  gold,  directing  them,  if  he  did  not  return  by 
the  appointed  time,  to  pay  the  hire  of  their  fellows  in  the  usual  pecu- 
liar and  Masonic  manner,  a  duty  which  they  both  promised  faithfully 
to  execute. 

As  several  hours  were  wanting  to  the  time  of  payment,  the  two 
Craftsmen  agreed  to  bury  the  treasure  which  they  had  received,  and 
proceed  to  their  different  occupations.  They,  accordingly,  sought  a 
secure  place,  and  committed  the  gold  to  the  guardianship  of  its  native 
earth.  About  an  hour  before  the  hour  of  paying  the  people  arrived, 
the  overseer  returned  and  demanded  of  the  Craftsmen  the  treasure 
which  he  had  confided  to  them.  They  told  him  what  they  had  done 
with  it,  and  conducted  him  to  the  place  where  it  had  been  deposited. 
On  their  arrival  they  began  to  dig,  and,  after  removing  the  soil,  found 
that  the  treasure  had  vanished.  The  overseer  immediately  charged 
the  two  men  with  the  robbery;  the  men  each  accused  the  other,  and 
finally  were  carried  by  the  soldiers  whom  the  officer  summoned,  before 
the  judgment-seat  of  the  King. 

It  chanced  that  on  that  day  Solomon  presided  in  royal  state,  in  the 
midst  of  his  counsellors,  to  receive  the  ambassadors  of  the  different 

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The  Craftsman's  Judgment 


monarchs  who,  hearing  of  his  fame,  were  solicitous  of  his  alliance. 
He  naturally  wished,  therefore,  to  distinguish  himself  before  them; 
but  it  pleased  the  Architect  of  All  that  his  pride  should  be  rebuked. 
The  two  Craftsmen,  on  being  questioned  by  the  King,  each  declared 
his  innocence,  and  answered  every  question  with  the  uttermost  ingenu- 
ousness; they  were  examined  with  the  most  subtle  skill,  but  nothing 
could  be  elicited.  "They  must  have  been  watched,"  exclaimed  their 
Judge,  half  vexed  at  the  difficulties  which  presented  themselves,  "and 
the  treasure  stolen  by  some  robber.  I  see  no  other  solution."  This, 
however,  the  men  both  declared  to  be  impossible.  "Not  a  tree  or 
shrub  was  in  sight,"  said  Joel,  the  first  of  the  Craftsmen.  "Not  shel- 
ter for  a  sparrow,"  said  Iran,  the  second;  and  then  they  each  began 
to  accuse  the  other  of  the  theft.  Finding  it  impossible  to  come  to  a 
decision,  the  mortified  Solomon  hastily  dismissed  his  Council,  after 
first  remanding  the  men  to  prison,  and  then  sauntered  forth  alone 
to  enjoy  an  hour's  reflection  in  the  Royal  Gardens. 

It  chanced  that  two  old  Craftsmen,  who  had  been  present  at  the 
examination,  were  seated  under  a  cedar  tree  discussing  the  affair, 
and  not  perceiving  the  approach  of  the  monarch,  heedlessly  continued 
their  conversation.  "The  judgment  of  the  Ruler  seems  at  fault," 
observed  the  first,  "the  wisdom  of  the  King  hath  failed."  "It  is  the 
Divine  will,  doubtless,"  replied  his  companion,  "to  reprove  the  vanity 
of  Solomon,  to  teach  him  that  his  power  and  wisdom  are  but  the  gift 
of  the  Most  High,  or  else  he  could  scarcely  have  erred  in  so  simple  a 
matter." 

The  King,  who  had  overheard  the  last  speech,  was  highly  incensed 
at  their  presumption,  and  commanded  his  guards  to  seize  them.  To 
their  entreaties  for  mercy,  he  replied,  "If  thou  canst  decide  this  matter, 
not  only  will  I  give  thee  life  and  freedom,  but  a  chain  of  gold,  and 
a  ring  from  the  treasury  of  Israel  will  I  add,  and  make  thee  ruler 
over  thy  fellows.     If  not,  by  my  royal  word,  thou  diest." 

"I  accept  the  conditions  cheerfully,"  answered  the  old  man,  "my 
trust  is  in  Him  who  never  failed  his  servants  who  sought  Him  in  fear 
and  humility.  Call  together,  O  King,  thy  Council,  and  in  an  hour  I 
will  appear  before  thee  and  make  known  the  guilty  to  thy  justice." 

Again  was  Solomon  seated  upon  the  throne  of  Israel,  his  brow 
sparkling  with  the  diadem,  his  counsellors  and  wise  men  around  him, 
and  the  ambassadors  of  his  allies  before  his  face.  The  old  Crafts- 
man entered,  bearing  in  his  hands  a  vessel  covered  with  linen;  bowing 
reverently  before  the  throne,  he  said,  "Behold,  O  King,  I  am  prepared. 
Let  the  criminals  stand  before  thy  presence."  They  were  led  on  by 
the  guards,  when  the  Monarch,  by  the  direction  of  his  aged  coadjutor, 

[163] 


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The  Craftsman's  Judgment 


thus  addressed  them:  'In  the  vase  before  you,  which  is  half  filled  with 
sand,  lies  buried  a  serpent  sent  me  from  Egypt;  it  hath  the  peculiar 
property  of  discovering  the  guilt  or  innocence  of  the  parties  accused, 
who  make  trial  of  its  virtue.  Let  each  of  you  plunge  in  his  hand 
and  search  for  the  reptile;  to  the  innocent,  it  is  harmless  as  a  child; 
but  to  the  guilty,  its  sting  is  death."  Joel  advanced;  and  his  hand 
being  first  oiled,  placed  it  under  the  cloth,  and  searched,  but  without 
effect;  he  declared  that  the  creature  either  eluded  his  search,  or  was 
not  there.  Iran  now  approached,  and  after  a  few  moments'  exam- 
ination of  the  vessel,  declared  the  same. 

"Hold  forth  your  hands,"  exclaimed  the  King.  They  did  so;  that 
of  Joel  was  black,  that  of  Iran  unsullied.  Solomon  looked  doubtingly 
on  the  old  Craftsman  for  advice;  who,  advancing  before  him,  thus 
addressed  him,  "Behold,  O  Monarch,  the  test  of  truth — the  conscience 
of  the  accused  has  decided  between  them.  Joel,  knowing  his  innocence, 
freely  examined  the  vase;  hence  the  ashes  upon  his  hand;  but  Iran, 
made  a  coward  by  guilt,  merely  placed  his  under  the  linen  veil,  and 
pretended  to  do  so,  or  his  hand,  which  was  oiled  like  his  companion's, 
would  have  been  black  also;  for  the  urn,  in  truth,  contains  nothing 
but  ashes."  As  he  spoke,  he  removed  the  veil,  and  exposed  its  contents 
to  their  gaze. 

The  guilty  Iran,  finding  himself  detected,  fell  on  his  knees,  and 
cried  for  mercy;  but  was  removed  by  the  guards  for  execution. 

Solomon  descended  from  his  throne,  and  taking  the  chain  from  his 
neck,  and  the  ring  from  his  finger,  gave  them  to  the  aged  Craftsman, 
and  raised  him  to  the  rank  of  overseer  among  his  fellows.  The  old 
man  would  have  declined  the  costly  gifts.  "Keep  them,  father,"  said 
the  reproved  King,  "thou  hast  indeed  taught  me  the  lesson,  so  galling 
to  human  pride,  that  all  our  wisdom  is  from  God,  and  that  man's 
best  virtue  is  humility." 


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[166] 


7 


The  Legends  of  Hiram  Abiff 

(From  the  Christian  Science  Monitor) 

* 

More  legend  than  fact  has  been  woven  around  the  character  of 
Hiram,  the  widow's  son,  of  Tyre,  or,  as  he  is  more  generally 
known,  Hiram  Abiff.  This  last  name,  however,  does  not  occur 
in  the  English  Bible.  It  is  first  met  with  in  the  German  translation, 
which  was  the  work  of  Martin  Luther.  He  translated  the  words, 
"Huram,  his  father"  in  II  Chronicles  ii,  13,  and  iv,  16,  as  "Hurum 
Abiff,"  and  the  same  reading  is  now  to  be  found  in  the  Swedish  version. 
Calmet,  in  his  "Dictionary  of  the  Bible,"  has  pointed  out  that  the 
word  "Hurum"  signifies  "high  intelligence"  and  says  that  Hiram  was 
called  "father"  by  Solomon  and  the  King  of  Tyre  because  he  was  the 
chief  director  of  the  work  on  the  temple.  It  is  clear  that  Hiram  could 
not  have  been  the  father  either  of  David  or  of  the  King  of  Tyre.  It 
is  of  interest  to  recall  that  Khurum  or  Hurum  is  identical  with  the 
Egyptian  Her-ra,  Hermes,  or  Hei-cules.  The  word  Abi  or  Abiff, 
regarded  by  some  writers  as  a  surname,  was  a  title  bestowed  by  the 
Hebrews  as  an  honor  upon  their  chief  advisers  and  the  intimate 
friends  of  the  reigning  monarch. 

THE    STORY    OF    HIRAM 

The  story  of  Hiram  is  given  in  the  Old  Testament,  I  Kings  vii, 
13-45  and  II  Chronicles,  ii,  11-14.  In  the  first  place  Hiram  is  described 
as  the  son  of  a  widow  of  the  tribe  of  Napthali,  and  in  the  second 
as  the  son  of  a  woman  of  the  daughters  of  Dan,  an  obvious  impossi- 
bility, as  a  woman  could  not  belong  to  two  tribes.  The  Rev.  Morris 
Rosenblum,  a  well-known  Hebrew  and  Masonic  scholar,  maintains 
that  two  Hirams  are  spoken  of,  and  points  out  that  they  were  engaged 
upon  different  work  in  connection  with  the  building  of  the  temple. 
One  was  a  brass-smith  only,  but  the  other  was  an  all-round  work- 
man, skillful  in  every  kind  of  metal  work,  also  in  stone  and  timber — 
consequently  a  builder  and  a  master  of  device,  an  architect. 

One  Masonic  tradition  runs  that  about  four  years  before  the  build- 
ing of  the  temple,  Hiram  Abiff,  as  the  agent  of  Hiram,  King  of  Tyre, 
purchased  some  curious  stones  from  an  Arabian  merchant,  and  upon 
inquiry  where  he  met  with  them,  he  was  told  that  they  had  been  found 
upon  an  island  in  the  Red  Sea.  King  Hiram  at  once  sent  his  agent 
to  investigate,  and  he  had  the  good  fortune  to  discover  many  precious 
stones  and,  amongst  the  rest,  an  abundance  of  topaz,  with  which  the 
King  of  Tyre  adorned  his  palaces  and  temples,  as  we  read  in  Ezekiel 

[167] 


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The  Legends  of  Hiram  Abiff 


'! 


xxviii,  13.      Subsequently,  according  to   Pliny,  the   island  was   called 
Topaz,  from  the  abundance  of  this  stone  found  there. 

MASONIC  LEGEND 

The  story  familiar  to  Freemasons  is  that  Hiram  Abiff  was  slain 
before  the  temple  was  completed,  but  if  only  one  Hiram  was  referred 
to  in  the  Old  Testament,  this  story  lacks  corroboration  either  there 
or  in.Josephus.  Masonic  tradition  asserts  that  he  met  his  fate  within 
the  precincts  of  the  temple  before  the  work  was  completed,  which  is 
at  variance  with  I  Kings  vii,  40  and  II  Chronicles  iv,  11.  The  tradi- 
tion runs  that  it  was  the  duty  of  Hiram  Abiff  to  superintend  the 
workmen,  always  examining  the  reports  of  his  officers  with  the  most 
scrupulous  exactness.  At  the  opening  of  the  day  when  the  sun  was 
rising  in  the  east,  it  was  his  custom,  before  the  commencement  of 
labor,  to  go  into  the  temple  and  offer  up  his  prayers  for  a  blessing 
on  the  work.  In  like  manner,  when  the  sun  was  setting  and  the 
labors  of  the  day  were  completed,  he  returned  thanks.  Not  content 
with  these  devout  expressions,  he  always  went  into  the  temple  at  mid- 
day, when  the  men  were  called  from  labor  to  refreshment,  to  inspect 
the  work,  to  draw  fresh  designs  upon  the  tracing  board,  and  to  per- 
form other  labors,  never  forgetting  to  consecrate  his  duties  by  solemn 
prayer.  These  practices  are  said  to  have  occurred  for  the  first  six 
years  in  the  secret  recesses  of  the  "Lodge,"  but,  for  the  last  year, 
in  the  precincts  of  the  "Most  Holy  Place."  At  length,  on  the  very 
day  appointed  for  celebrating  the  copestone  of  the  building,  he  retired 
as  usual  at  the  meridian  hour,  and  did  not  return. 

According  to  the  Rev.  Morris  Rosenbaum,  the  legend  of  Hiram 
Abiff's  murder  can  be  substantiated  by  the  Scripture  narrative,  al- 
though there  is  no  mention  of  it  in  the  Old  Testament.  "Hurum, 
his  father,"  he  contends,  refers  to  the  father  of  Hiram,  the  second, 
who  is  said  in  the  verses  immediately  preceding  to  have  carried  out 
the  casting  of  the  huge  brass  articles,  and  that  the  proper  interpre- 
tation of  the  passage  in  Chronicles  is:  "And  Hurum  (the  father) 
made  the  pots  and  the  shovels,  but  Hiram  (the  son)  finished  all  the 
work  which  he  made  for  King  Solomon,"  viz.,  the  two  pillars,  the 
sea  and  the  lavers. 

In  the  history  of  the  Masonic  degree  of  architect  we  are  told  that 
on  the  stoppage  of  the  work  in  consequence  of  the  passing  of  the 
chief  architect  of  the  temple,  King  Solomon  assembled  all  the  masters 
who  were  distinguished  for  their  talents  and  formed  them  into  a  lodge 
or  council  to  supply  the  place  of  Hiram  Abiff  and  conferred  on  them 
the  privilege  of  entering  the  Sanctum  Sanctorum,  on  the  portal  of 
which  had  been  engraved  the  letter  "G"  inclosed  within  a  blazing  star. 
From  this  period  the  plans  and  designs  of  the  temple  were  placed  at 

[  K39  ] 


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I 


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NEW  YORK 


5K^9, 


J 


:i 


[170] 


The  Legends  of  Hiram,  Abiff 


the  disposal  of  the  Lodge  of  Architects.  King  Solomon  is  said  to 
have  founded  the  degree  of  grand  architect  with  the  view  of  forming 
a  school  of  architecture  for  the  instruction  of  the  brethren  employed 
in  the  temple  and  of  animating  them  with  the  desire  of  arriving  at 
perfection  in  the  royal  art. 

BUILDERS  OF   OTHER  TEMPLES 

The  Ghiblim,  or  stone-squarers,  polishers,  and  sculptors,  says  Dr. 
Oliver,  a  high  Masonic  authority,  were  the  Dionysiacs,  a  society  of 
architects,  who  built  the  temple  of  Hercules  at  Tyre,  and  many  mag- 
nificent edifices  in  Asia  Minor,  before  the  temple  of  Solomon  was 
projected.  They  were  the  masters  and  wardens  of  the  lodges  of 
Masons  during  the  erection  of  this  famous  edifice;  to  them  was  in- 
trusted the  execution  of  those  works  of  art  and  genius  which  were 
projected  by  the  chief  architect,  Hiram  Abiff;  they  maintained  order 
and  regularity  throughout  the  vast  number  of  inferior  workmen  and 
laborers. 

There  was  in  Egypt  a  body  of  builders  known  as  the  Hiero  Latomi, 
or  sacred  builders,  and  the  tradition  runs  that  they  migrated  along 
the  shores  of  the  Mediterranean,  eventually  settling  in  Tyre,  and  they 
would  naturally  bring  with  them  much  of  the  wisdom  of  the  Egyp- 
tians, particularly  the  arts  of  building  and  architecture.  Tyre  thus 
became  a  center  of  learning  and  civilization  and  a  most  likely  place 
for  Solomon  to  turn  when  in  need  of  skillful  workmen  and  artificers 
for  the  building  of  the  temple. 

HIRAM    ABIFF'S    HISTORY 

Hiram  Abiff  lived  toward  the  end  of  the  tenth  century  B.C.,  at  which 
time,  and  many  centuries  later,  in  the  time  of  Tutmes  III  (about 
1600  B.C.)  Hiram's  countrymen  were  renowned  for  the  production 
of  works  of  art.  Dr.  Anderson,  in  his  "Book  of  Constitutions,"  issued 
in  1738,  says:  "Solomon  had  the  laborers  of  his  own;  but  was  much 
obliged  to  Hiram,  King  of  Tyre,  for  many  of  the  Ghiblim  and  Bonai, 
who  lent  him  his  best  artists  and  sent  him  the  firs  and  cedars  of 
Lebanon ;  but,  above  all,  he  sent  his  namesake,  Hiram  Abiff,  who, 
in  Solomon's  absence,  filled  the  chair  as  deputy  grand  master  and 
in  his  presence  was  the  senior  grand  warden,  or  principal  surveyor 
and  master  of  work." 

Some  continental  brethren  hold  that  the  art  and  mystery  of  the 
Masonic  Order  was  first  introduced  at  the  building  of  the  Tower  of 
Babel;  thence  handed  down  by  Euclid,  who  communicated  it  to  Hiram 
Abiff,  under  whom,  at  the  building  of  the  temple  of  Solomon,  was 
an  expert  architect  named  Mannon  Graecus,  who,  according  to  legen- 
dary lore,  introduced  it  into  England. 

[171] 


JACOB    LANDY 

£  lee  trie  ^Motors 
I 

673  ELTON  AVENUE  NEW  YORK  CITY 

Telephone,  Melrose  4417-4418-5319 

FRANK    W.    MAHER 

Liberty  Carting  Co.,  inc. 

%enioval  of  <^Ashes^  T^ubbish  and  'Trade  Waste 
Phone  0597  Canal  198  Hudson  St.,  New  York 

UTICA  PAPER  CO. 

Utica,  New  York 


A.J.ROSENTHAL  ALFRED  BARKER  J.  P   BRAEMIG 

President  Yice-Pres.  &  Treas.  Secretary 

THE   BARKER    PAINTING    CO. 

Contractors  for  Painting,  Wood  Finishing         138  W.  38th  STREET 
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WHEN       IN       UTICA       STOP       AT       THE 

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THREE     DOORS     FROM      U  N  I O  N     STATION 

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Representing  the    Publisher    of    THE    BOOK    OF    KNOWLEDGE 

The  Book  of  History     -     The  Book  of  the  World's  War     -     The  Universal 
^        Anthology        -       And  all  other  books  purchased  through  me  will  save  you  money         P 

I  172  1 


The  Glory  of  Solomon's  Temple 

(From  The  Christian  Science  Monitor) 

When  one  considers  the  vastness  and  magnificence  of  the  Temple 
of  Solomon,  it  seems  almost  incredible,  even  when  the  enor- 
mous number  of  workmen  engaged  in  its  construction  and 
furnishing  are  taken  into  account,  that  it  should  have  been  completed 
in  all  its  parts  in  little  more  than  seven  years.  There  is  equal  cause 
to  marvel  at  the  statement  made  that  all  the  noise  of  axe,  hammer  and 
saw  was  confined  to  Lebanon,  the  quarries,  and  the  plains  of  Zera- 
datha;  that  nothing  might  be  heard  in  Zion  save  harmony  and  peace. 

Jews  have  always  held  trades  and  handicraft  in  high  esteem,  and 
the  Talmud  has  many  references  and  respectful  allusions  to  such  in- 
dustries. Yet,  although  it  is  a  Jewish  custom  for  all  males,  however 
wealthy  they  may  be,  to  be  educated  and  trained  for  some  profession 
or  occupation,  outside  Masonry,  handicrafts  find  little  favor.  Pre- 
sumably it  was  so  in  Solomon's  time,  for  beyond  the  113,690  Masons 
of  various  grades  who,  according  to  tradition,  were  employed  on  the 
construction  of  the  temple,  the  majority  of  the  workmen  were  Phoeni- 
cians, Tyrians,  Sidonians  and  Canaanites. 

A    STUPENDOUS    WORK 

The  stones  for  the  temple  were  hewn  in  the  quarry,  and  there 
carved,  marked  and  numbered.  The  timber  was  felled  and  prepared  in 
the  forests  of  Lebanon,  and  conveyed  by  floats  from  Tyre  to  Joppa. 
The  metals  were  fused  and  cast  in  the  clay  ground  between  Succoth 
and  Zeradatha.  The  whole  was  then  conveyed  to  Jerusalem,  and 
when  put  together  on  Mount  Moriah,  each  part  fitted  with  such  per- 
fect exactness  as  to  make  it  appear  something  beyond  the  power  of 
human  skill  unaided  to  accomplish;  fitted  with  such  perfect  accuracy 
that  the  joints  could  not  be  discovered. 

There  is  a  Jewish  tradition  that  the  stones  were  not  so  framed  and 
polished  by  human  art  and  industry,  but  by  a  worm,  called  samir, 
specially    created   for   the   purpose.      It   is   also  said    that   the   stones 

[173] 


The  Glory  of  Solomon's  Temple 


came  to  the  temple  of  their  own  accord,  and  were  put  together  by 
angels. 

THE  SAMIR  LEGEND 

The  legend  of  the  discovery  of  the  worm  is  thus  related: 

"Solomon,  the  most  wise,  was  sitting  in  his  grove,  near  his  rural 
palace,  observing  a  raven  feeding  her  young.  Whilst  she  was  off  in 
search  of  food,  telling  a  servant  to  bring  him  a  glass  bowl,  he  placed 
it  over  her  nest,  so  as  to  cover  the  young  birds.  When  she  returned 
to  the  nest,  the  young  ravens  opened  their  mouths  to  receive  the 
supplies  which  the  mother  was  accustomed  to  bring  them;  and  she, 
meeting  with  the  transparent  obstruction,  fluttered  about  for  some 
time  in  vain  attempts  to  reach  her  imprisoned  children.  Vexed,  she 
made  repeated,  but  ineffectual,  efforts  to  break  the  glass  with  her  beak. 
Despairing  of  success  in  this  mode  of  attack,  she  lighted  upon  a  limb 
near  by,  and  sat  for  some  time  seeming  to  meditate.  Then,  leaping 
into  the  air,  and  spreading  her  black  wings,  she  moved  off  with  rapid 
flight  in  the  direction  of  an  island  in  the  Mediterranean  Sea.  Solo- 
mon, who  had  watched  with  interest  all  her  movements,  sat  waiting 
for  her  return.  Eventually  she  came,  bearing  in  her  beak  a  large 
white  worm,  and  placing  it  on  the  rim  of  the  nest,  near  the  edge  of  the 
bowl,  it  crawled  over  the  vessel,  and  along  its  track  the  glass  instantly 
cracked,  as  if  cut  by  a  diamond,  parted  and  fell  to  the  ground.  The 
idea  flashed  upon  the  mind  of  Solomon  that  Providence  had  placed  in 
his  hands  a  wonderful  instrument.  Taking  the  worm  to  the  quarries, 
he  placed  it  upon  a  great  stone,  which  the  laborers  had  heaved  out 
from  the  mountain ;  it  crawled  across  it,  and,  to  the  amazement  of  the 
wise  man,  the  stone  opened  along  its  path,  and  tumbled  apart.  Thou- 
sands of  stones  were  thus  separated  into  suitable  rough  ashkars,  to 
be  finished  by  the  chisels  and  mallets  of  the  craftsmen." 

PROCESS    OF   ERECTION 

The  magnificent  work  of  the  erection  of  the  temple  was  begun  on 
Monday,  the  second  day  of  the  month  "Zif,"  corresponding  approxi- 
mately to  the  21st  of  April,  this  being  the  second  month  of  the  sacred 
year.  It  was  carried  on  with  such  speed  that  it  was  finished  in  all 
its  parts  in  rather  more  than  seven  years,  the  completion  falling  on 
the  eighth  day  of  the  month  "Bui,"  the  seventh  month  of  the  sacred 
year. 

The  footsteps  of  the  temple,  according  to  tradition,  inclosed  an 
agate  of  cubical  form,  on  which  certain  characters  were  engraven 
on  a  plate  of  gold,  the  meaning  of  which  was  known  only  to  Solomon 
himself;   and  it  was  deposited  before   the  rising  of  the   sun,   as   an 


[174] 


The  Glory  of  Solomon's  Temple 


example  to  the  workmen  that  they  ought  to  begin  the  day  early,  and 
work  with  assiduity  and  zeal. 

But  if  the  masonic  or  structural  work  or  the  temple  gave  cause  for 
wonderment,  the  work  of  the  smiths  of  all  description  was  equally, 
if  not  more  marvelous.  Tubal  Cain  is  said  to  have  been  the  first  of 
the  great  family  of  Smiths  throughout  the  world.  Not  only  does  the 
handicraft  claim  the  largest  number  of  workers  throughout  the  world, 
but  the  name  itself  is  most  frequent  in  every  language.  The  word 
"Cain"  means  "smith"  and  "Tubal"  means  "iron  chips."  The  art  of 
working  in  brass  and  copper  and  iron  was  regarded  as  of  primeval 
antiquity  and  was  largely  practiced  by  the  Canaanites,  who  were 
especially  famed  for  their  war  chariots  (Judges  iv,  3).  Copper  was 
known  to  the  Israelites  before  the  Exodus,  but  Biblical  scholars  are 
generally  agreed  that  brass  and  copper,  when  mentioned  in  the  Old 
Testament,  are  identical  substances,  and  that  the  compound  of  copper 
and  zinc  now  known  as  brass  was  not  known  to  the  ancients. 

Tradition  states  that  the  movable  jewels  used  in  the  construction 
of  the  temple,  consisting  of  gold  and  silver  vessels,  amounted  in  value 
to  £6,904,822,500,  and  that  of  the  stones,  timber,  ivory,  brass,  iron 
and  other  materials,  classed  under  the  head  of  fixtures  and  immov- 
able jewels,  was  £150,000,000.  The  contribution  of  Solomon  himself 
was  princely,  and  that  of  the  princes  and  his  people,  together  with  the 
magnificent  presents  of  Hiram,  King  of  Tyre,  the  Queen  of  Sheba, 
and  other  nobles,  amounted  to  no  less  than  £400,000,000,000. 

"Its  inner  walls,  beams,  posts,  doors,  floors,  and  ceilings  were  made 
of  cedar  and  olive  wood  and  planks  of  various  beautiful  engravings, 
and  adorned  with  precious  jewels  of  many  splendid  colors.  The  nails 
which  fastened  these  plates  were  also  of  gold,  with  heads  of  curious 
workmanship.  The  roof  was  of  olive  wood,  covered  with  gold;  and 
when  the  sun  shone  thereon  the  reflection  from  it  was  of  such  a  reful- 
gent splendor  that  it  dazzled  the  eyes  of  all  who  b?held  it." 

Tradition  records  that  the  temple  of  Solomon  was  supported  by 
1,435  columns  and  2,906  pilasters,  all  composed  of  the  finest  Parian 
marble.  The  table  of  gold,  mentioned  in  I  Kings,  vii,  48,  as  being 
made  by  Solomon  and  given  to  the  temple,  is  believed  by  some  to  be 
still  in  existence.  According  to  legendary  lore,  it  was  carried  to 
Spain  after  the  destruction  of  Jerusalem,  and  remained  there  until 
the  conquest  of  that  country  by  the  Moors,  who  are  said  to  have  sent 
it  to  Damascus,  whence  it  was  removed  to  Mecca. 


[175] 


<y@8  Jlgytfofr^ -DSV 

GRAND  FASHION 
PROMENADE 

TWICE  DAILY   :   :   :  At  3  p.  m.  and  at  9  p.  m. 

On  the  Raised  Stage  and  Runway 
at  the  Cast  End  of  the  Garden 


Under  the  Auspices  of  the 
FASHION  SHOW7  COMMITTEE 

Nate  Spingold,  Chairman 

David  N.  Mosessohn  Alfred  Fantl 

J.  J.  Goldman  Milton  Wolf 

J.  R.  Bolton,  Stage  Director 


*♦♦• 


I 

"THE    BRIDGE    PARTY" 

Introducing  the  latest  Style  Creations 
by  leading  New  Tork  Couturieres 

[176] 


Me)C  igSfei  i@y> 


V 


GR-AND        FASHION        PROMENADE 

II 

"YOUTH" 

Hats  and  Capes  by  Mrs.  Paul  Solomon 

{This  Number  conceived  and  executed  by  Mrs.  Solomon) 

III 

"THE   COUNTRY    CLUB" 

Costumes  and  All  Accessories  by 
Abercrombie  &  Fitch  Co. 

IV 

"'TIS  THE  'STYLISH  STOUT   COR- 
SET' THAT  MAKES  THE  GOWN" 

Showing  that  no  woman  is  too  stout  to  be  stylishly, 

becomingly  and  beautifully  gowned. 

Sveltline  Fashions 

V 
"MY    HOSTESS    OF    FASHION" 

Costumes  and  All  Accessories  by 
Bon  wit,  Teller  &  Co. 


[177] 


GRAND         FASHION        PROMENADE 


VI 

HORACE   GOLDEN,  M*  Master  Illusionist, 

presents 

"A    STATIONARY    PROMENADE" 

{This  number  conceived,  designed  and  executed  especially 
for  the  Masonic  Fashion  Show  by  Horace  Golden) 

HATS  by 

Bruck-Weiss         Joseph        Ferle  Heller 

■♦«SSf*- 

zJldded  Feature,  for  Evening  'Program  Only 

VII 
"THE     BACHELOR'S     DREAM" 

Featuring  the  newest  Paris  Creations  in  Evening 
Costumes,  from  the  Salon  of  Boue  Soeurs,  Paris 
and  New  York.  {'This  number  conceived  and 
executed  with  the  kind  assistance  of  Mme.  Boue) 

(i)     Imperatrice  (4)     Messaline 

(2)  Azyadee  (5)     La  Fee 

(3)  Bijou  (6)     Lucifer 

{Maris  Lounging  Robe  by  courtesy  of  A.  Sulka  &  Co.) 


1178] 


G  R  A*N  D        FASHION        EXPOSITION 

At  2: JO  and  8: JO  p.  m. 
MILLS    AND    MILLS 

Presenting  Death-Defying  Feats  in  Mid- Air 
"THE   ELEPHANT  ON  THE  HIGH   WIRE" 

Engagement    Extraordinary! 

BACHMAN'S 
MILLION    DOLLAR    BAND 

AND    SOLOISTS 

In  Classic  and  Popular  Selections 

••H9Sf+- 

iADDED  FEATURES 

on  the  Lower  Level 
SUZANNE   AND    HER    BABY 

Rare    Specimens    of  the    Gorilla    Family  - 


representing  Darwin  s  Theory  of  Man  s  Origin 

[179] 


GRAND        FASHION        EXPOSITION 

"CLOVER" 

$  I -year-old  Racing  Horse  declared  by  experts  to  be 
the  oldest  member  of  the  Squine  family  in  existence. 

Presented  by 
Reverend  and  Mrs.  U.  MYERS 

Owners  of  "Clover. 

■♦•««►♦• 

GHANDI    CARICTS    SINGALESE 

VILLAGE 

Presenting  the  Manners,  Customs  and  Pastimes 

of  the  Orient. 

■*4gm*- 

PATHE'S    "BEHOLD    THE    MAN" 

A  Motographic  Portrayal  in  natural  colors 
of  the  Passion  Play  at  Oberammergau. 

[180] 


<y@fl  11(^)11  D(g^s 

GRAVND        FASHION        EXPOSITION 

THE    WONDER    CITY 

Mr.  Benjamin  Kraui  marvelous  reproduction 

in  miniature  of  a  mode!  city  and 

its  activities 

KATZENJAMMER    KASTLE 

The  di speller  of  despondency, 
where  mirth  holds  sway 

Special  Attraction! 
MASONRY    EXPOSED 

Designed  for  the  education  of  those  who  know    nothing, 
and  for  the  amusement  of  Masons  who  know, 

Including 

THE    ORIGINAL    MASONIC    GOAT 

First  Time  Shown  in  Public 
And  ^Ata/iy  Other  Attractions 

I  181  ] 


oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 

o 


8 


8 
8 

o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 

8 

o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 

8 

o 
o 

8 


When  Willie  s  "Dad  'Joined 
the  zJtffasons 

WHEN    dad    was    dressin'    to    join    the 
Masons, 
It  was  one  night  last  week, 
I  know  all  the  things  he  done, 

'Cause  I  stood  by  the  key  hole  to  peek. 

He  washed  an'  shaved  hisself  up  slick, 

An'  put  on  a  new  pair  of  socks, 
He  felt  his  muscle  an'  kept  mutterin'  some 
words, 

I  wonder  if  they  give  'em  hard  knocks. 

I  sneaked  down  stairs  to  the  pantry, 
An'  put  two  lumps  of  sugar  in  my  coat, 

An'  I  slid  'em  in  dad's  pocket 

So  he'd  have  'em  to  feed  the  goat. 

I  hope  that  goat  don't  hurt  my  dad, 

I  hope  they  don't  make  him  walk  on  live 
coals, 

'Cause  Ma'll  be  mad  as  the  dickens, 
If  he  burns  them  silk  socks  full  of  holes. 

Next  mornin'  I  asked  dad  if  they  treated  him 

rough, 

And  he  just  shook  me  by  the  hair 

An'  said,  "My  son,  you  must  be  a  Mason 

When  you  become  a  man." 

— Mrs.  W.  B.  Sayer 


oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 

[182] 


List  of  Lodges 


UNDER  THE  JURISDICTION   OF  THE   GRAND  LODGE   OF  THE   STATE   OF  NEW  YORK 


Name  and  No.  Location. 

Acacia,  327   New  York 

Acacian,  705 Ogdensburgh 

Acanthus,  719   Brooklyn 

Addison  Union,  118 Addison 

Adelphi,  23   New  York 

Adelphic,  348   New  York 

Adirondack,   G02 . .  .  Elizabethtown 

Adonai,  718   Highland 

Adonibam,  833   Allegany 

Advance,  635  .  . .  Long  Island  City 

Adytum,   640    Brooklyn 

Aeonian,  679    Oswego 

Afton,  360  Afton 

Agawamuck,   841    Philmont 

Ahwaga,  5S7    Owego 

Akron,   527    Akron 

Alba,  891   New  York 

Albion,  26 New  York 

Alcyone,  695   Nortkport 

Alden,    594    Alden 

Alexandria,   297. Alexandria  Bay 

Allegany,  225    Friendship 

Allemania,   740    Brooklyn 

Alma,  728    New  York 

Altair,   601    Brooklyn 

Amber,  395    Parishville 

Amboy,   650    Williamstown 

Amenia,  672   Amenia 

Americus,   535    New  York 

Amherst,  9S1 Williamsville 

Amicable,  664.  .Washington  Mills 

Amity,  323 New  York 

Amityville,   977 Amityville 

Amos,  938 Brooklyn 

Anchor,  729 College  Point 

Ancient,   724    New  York 

Ancient  City,   452 Albany 

Ancient  Craft,  943.  . .  .Rochester 
Ancient  Landmarks,  441.  Buffalo 

Andover,    558    Andover 

Anglo-Saxon,    137 Brooklyn 

Anthon,  769   Brooklyn 


Name  and  No.  Location. 

Antiquity,  11 New  York 

Antwerp,  226 Antwerp 

Apawamis,  S00 Mamaroneck 

Apollo,  13   Troy 

Aquehonga,  906 Stapleton 

Aquila,  700    Hudson 

Arcade,  419   Arcade 

Arcana,  246    New  York 

Archimede,  935    New  York 

Architect,  519   New  York 

Arcturus,  274    New  York 

Argyle,  567    Argyle 

Arion,  812 Little  Valley 

Ark,   33    Geneva 

Ark,  48    Coxsackie 

Artisan,  84    Amsterdam 

Ashlar,  584    Greenwich 

Astor,  603   New  York 

Astoria,  963.... Long  Island  City 
Athelstane,  839... Spring  Valley 

Atlantic,  178 New  York 

Atlas,  316 New  York 

Attica,  462  Attica 

Auburn,  431  Auburn 

Audubon,  930    New  York 

Aurora,  383    ......  Ft.  Covington 

Aurora  Grata,  756 Brooklyn 

Au   Sable   River,  149.  .Keeseville 

Avoca,  673   Avoca 

Avon  Springs,  570 Avon 

Azure,  868 New  York 

Babylon,  793    Babylon 

Baltic,  284    Brooklyn 

Baron  Steuben,  264.. Lee  Center 

Batavia,  475   Batavia 

Bay   Ridge,   S56 Brooklyn 

Bay  View,  905   Henderson 

Beacon,   283    Beacon 

Beacon  Light,  701.  New  Brighton 

Bedford,  574    Brooklyn 

Beethoven,   661    New  York 

Belmont,  474   Belmont 


183] 


Name  and  No.  Location. 

Benevolent,  28    New  York 

Berean,  811   Cattaraugus 

Berne,    G84    Berne 

Bethany,  821    Black  River 

Bethel,   733    New  York 

Bethpage.    975 Farniingdale 

Beukendaal,   915    Scotia 

Big  Flats,  378 Big  Flats 

Bingiiamton,  177.  .  .  .Binghamton 
Black  Lake,  319.  . .  .Morristown 
Blazing  Star,  694.  .  .East  Aurora 
Blue   Mountain,   874, 

St.    Regis   Falls 

Boonville,    105     Boonville 

Brasher,  541 Brasher  Falls 

Bredablick,    880    New  York 

Bronx,  SCO New  York 

Brooklyn,  288    Brooklyn 

Brownville,  53    Brownville 

Bryn   Mawr,  882 Yonkers 

Buffalo,   846    Buffalo 

Bunting,  655    New  York 

Butternuts,   515 Gilbertsville 

Callicoon,  521   .Teffersonville 

Callimaciius,  369    Phoenix 

Cambridge,  662   Brooklyn 

Cambridge  Valley,  481, 

Cambridge 
Cameron  Mills,  547, 

Cameron    Mills 
Canandaigua,  294.  .  .Canandaigua 

Canaseraga,    781 Canaseraga 

Canastota,  231   Canastota 

Candor,  411 Candor 

Caneadea,  357    Caneadea 

Cape  Vincent,  293.  .Cape  Vincent 

Carducci,   924    Utica 

Caroline,  6S1.  .Slaterville  Springs 

Carthage,  158  Carthage 

Cascade,   427    Oak   Hill 

Cassia,   445    Brooklyn 

Cataract,  295    Middleport 

Cato.   141    Cato 

Catskill,  468    Catskill 

Cattaraugus,  239   ....  Salamanca 

Cautious,  726 Georgetown 

Cavour,    872    New  York 

Caxton,  960    New  York 

Cayuga,  221 Scipio 

Cazsnovia,  616    Cazenovia 

[ 


Name  and  No.  Location. 

Centennial,  763    New  York 

Central,  361   Brooklyn 

Central  City,  305 Syracuse 

Central   Square,   622, 

Central  Square 
Centreville,  64S. North   Syracuse 

CnAMPLAiN,  237 Champlain 

Chancellor  Kent,  870.New  York 
Chancellor  Walworth,  271, 

New  York 

CnARiTY,    727    New  York 

Charles  W.  Cusiiman,  879, 

Buffalo 
Charles  W.  Mead,  802, 

Schenectady 

Charter  Oak.  249 New  York 

Chaumont,  172   Chaumont 

Chemung  Valley,  350.  .Chemung 
Cherry  Creek,  384. Cherry  Creek 
Cherry  Valley,  334, 

Cherry    Valley 

Ciiurchville,   667 Churchville 

Christopher  Yates.  971. 

Schnectady 
Cincinnatus,  706.  .  .  .Cincinnatus 

Citizens,   628    New  York 

City,   408    New  York 

Civic,  853 New  York 

Clayton,    290    Clayton 

Cleveland,  613 Cleveland 

Clinton,  140   Waterford 

Clinton,    155    Plattsburgh 

Clinton,  169 Clinton 

Clinton,  453   Brooklyn 

Clinton  F.  Paige,  620 Otto 

Clio,  779  Hilton 

Clyde,  341    Clyde 

Coi'.leskill,  394   Cobleskill 

Coeur  de  Lion,  571 Roxbury 

Coiioes,  116 Cohoes 

COLLAlSERGn,   859, 

Croton  on  Hudson 

Columbia,  98   Chatham 

Columbian,  484   New  York 

Commonwealth,  409   .  .  .Brooklyn 

Composite.  S19  New  York 

Concord,  50  New  York 

Concordia,  143  Buffalo 

Connetquot,  83S    Sayville 

Constellation,    404    Perry 

184  ] 


Name  and  No.  Location. 

Constitution,   241    ...New  York 
Continental,  287    ....New  York 

Copernicus,  545  Brooklyn 

Copestone,  641   New  York 

Corinthian,  488  • New  York 

Corinthian  Temple,  805, 

Rochester 

Corlaer,   932    Schenectady 

Corner   Stone,  307 Brooklyn 

Cornucopia,  503    Flushing 

Cortlandville,    470 Cortland 

Cosmopolitan,  585 Brooklyn 

Council,  979 Richmond  Hill 

Courland,   885    New  York 

Courtlandt,  34 Peekskill 

Covenant,  758 Brooklyn 

Craftsman,    969 Rochester 

Crescent,  402  New  York 

Croton,    3GS    Brewster 

Criterion,  907    New  York 

Crystal  Wave,  638 Brooklyn 

Cuba,  306    Cuba 

Cyrus,  208 New  York 

Damascus,  867   Brooklyn 

Danforth,  957    Syracuse 

Daniel  Carpenter,  643, 

New  York 
Dansville,   478.. South    Dansville 

Dante,  919    New  York 

Darcy,  187 New  York 

Day  Star,  798 Brooklyn 

Deer  RrvER,  499.  .North  Lawrence 
Delaware,  561   .  .  Callicoon  Depot 

Delhi,  439    Delhi 

Delta,  451    Brooklyn 

De  Molay,  498 Buffalo 

Depauville,  68S Depauville 

Depew,  823 Depew 

Depeyster,  573    Depeyster 

Deposit,  396  Deposit 

De  Ruyter,  692 De  Ruyter 

Diamond,  555   Dobbs  Ferry 

Diana,   928    Harrisville 

Dirigo,   30    New  York 

Dolgeville,    790    Dolgeville 

Doric,  2S0    New  York 

Dover,  666    Dover  Plains 

Downsville,  464   Downsville 

Dryden,  472    Dryden 

Dundee,    123    Dundee 

Dunkirk,  767  Dunkirk 

I 


Name  and  No.  Location. 

Dunwoodte,  S63    Yonkers 

Eagle,  619 Honeoye 

Eastern  Light,  126   Greene 

Eastern   Star,  227 ....  New  York 

East  Gate,  980 Buffalo 

Ehlers,  953 New  York 

Elbe,  893   New  York 

Elk,   577    Nicholville 

Ellicottville,  307. .  . .  Ellicottville 

Elmer,  909 New  York 

Emanuel,  654  New  York 

Empire  City,  206 New  York 

Equality,  940 New  York 

Erie,  101    Buffalo 

Etolian,   479    Spencerport 

Euclid,  656   Brooklyn 

Eunice,  830    Caledonia 

Eureka,  243    New  York 

Evangelist,  600  New  York 

Evans,  261 Angola 

Evening  Star,  44   Hornell 

Evening  Star,  75  .  . . .  Watervliet 
Evergreen,  363, 

Springfield   Centre 

Excelsior,  195   New  York 

Ezel,  732    Brooklyn 

Fairport,    476    Fairport 

Fame,   945    Irondequoit 

Farmers,  553   Edmeston 

Farmerville,  183    Farmer 

Farragut,   976 New    York 

Faxton,    697    Utica 

Fayette,  539   Fayette 

Fayetteville,  577   .  .  .  Fayetteville 

Federal,  888 New  York 

Fellowship,  749. Rensselaer  Falls 

Fern  brook,   898    Yonkers 

Fessler,  576   New  York 

Fidelity,  51    Ithaca 

Fish   House,  298    North ville 

Flower  City,  910 Rochester 

Forest,   106    Fredonia 

Forest  Hills,  946... Forest  Hills 
Fort  Brewerton,  256.  .Brewerton 
Fort  Edward,  267.. Fort  Edward 

Fort  Greene,   922 Brooklyn 

Fortitude,  19    Brooklyn 

Fort  Plain,  433   Fort  Plain 

Fortune,  788 North  Collins 

Franklin,  90 Ballston  Spa 

Franklin,  216    New  York 


185 


Name  and  No.  Location. 

Franklin,  447   New  York 

Franklin,  562 Franklin 

Franklinville,  626. .  Franklinville 
Frank  R.  Lawrence,  797, 

Rochester 

Fraternal,  625    Hamburgh 

Fraternity,  942    Ossining 

Frederik,  857   New  York 

Freedom,  324   Unadilla 

Friendship,  153    Owego 

Frontier,  517  Chateaugay 

Frontier  City,  422 Oswego 

Fultonville,    531 Fultonville 

Gansevoort,  845 Gansevoort 

Garfield,  889   New  York 

Garibaldi,  542    New  York 

Garoqa,  300 Clifton   Springs 

Gasport,  787    Gasport 

Gavel,  703   New  York 

Geba,  954 Elmhurst 

Genesee    Falls,    507 . . .  Rochester 

Geneseo,  214  Geneseo 

Geneva,    965 Geneva 

Genoa,   421    Kings   Ferry 

George  Washington,  285, 

New  York 

Germania,  182   New  York 

Germania,  722  Rochester 

German  Pilgrim,  179.. New  York 

German  Union,  54 New  York 

Gilboa,  630 Gilboa 

Girard,  631    New  York 

Glen  Cove,  580 Glen  Cove 

Glendale,  497 Pottersville 

Glens  Falls,  121 Glens  Falls 

Globe,  588 New  York 

Gloversville,   429.  . .  .Gloversville 

Goelet,  918   New  York 

Goethe,  629 New  York 

Golden  Rule,  770 New  York 

Goshen,  365    Goshen 

Gotham,  901   New  York 

Gothic,  934  New  York 

Gouverneur,  217 Gouverneur 

Guardian,  921    New  York 

Guiding  Star,  565 New  York 

Gramatan,    927    Bronxville 

Gramercy,  537    New  York 

Granville,  55   Granville 

Gratitude,   674    Nassau 

Great  Kills,  912 Great  Kills 

[ 


Name  and  No.  Location. 

Greenbush,  337   Rensselaer 

Greenpoint,  403   Brooklyn 

Greenwich,  467   New  York 

Greenwood,  569    Brooklyn 

Groton,  496 Groton 

Guttenberg,  737    Albany 

Halcyon,  832   Millbrook 

Hamilton,  79 Canajoharie 

Hamilton,  120   Hamilton 

Hammond,  861 Hammond 

Hampton,   347    ....Westmoreland 

Hancock,  552 Hancock 

Hannibal,  550    Hannibal 

Hanover,  152   Forestville 

Harlem,  457   New  York 

Harlem   Valley,   S27 Pawling 

Harmonie,  699  Buffalo 

Harmony,  199 New  York 

Hartland,   218.  .  .Johnsons  Creek 

Hatheway,  869 Rome 

Hebron,   813    New  York 

Heights,  913 Elmira  Heights 

Hendrick  Hudson,  875. Red  Hook 
Henrietta,  526... West  Henrietta 

Henry    Clay,   277 New  York 

Henry  Renner,   780.  .  .Limestone 

Herder,    698    Brooklyn 

Herkimer,  423   Herkimer 

Hermann,   268    New  York 

Hermon,  500    Hermon 

Hersciiel,  508   Hartford 

Hesperus,  837 Bergen 

Hiawatha,  434 Mt.  Vernon 

High  Falls,  428  Colton 

Highland,  835    Buffalo 

Hill  Grove,  540 Brooklyn 

Hillsdale,  612    Hillsdale 

Hillside,   894    Woodhaven 

Hiram,    105     Buffalo 

Hiram,  144 Fulton 

Hiram,  449    New  York 

Hobasco,  716    Ithaca 

Hoffman,  412 Middletown 

Holland,  8    New  York 

Home,  398    Northumberland 

Homer,   352    Homer 

Hope,  244 New  York 

Hopewell,  596    New  York 

Hornellsville,   331 Hornell 

Horseheads,  364 Horseheads 

186] 


Name  and  No.  Location. 

Howard,  35  New  York 

Hudson,   7    Hudson 

Hudson  River,  G07 ....  Newburgh 

Huguenot,  46 New  Rochelle 

Huguenot,   381    Tottenville 

Humanity,  406  Lyons 

Humboldt,  512   New  York 

Hyatt,    205    Brooklyn 

Ilion,   591    Ilion 

Independent,  185 New  York 

Independent  Royal  Arch,  2, 

New  York 

Integrity,  917    New  York 

Ionic,   4S6    New  York 

Irondequoit,    301     Dunkirk 

Iroquois,  715 Essex 

Island  City,  586, 

Long  Island  City 

Italia,   786    New  York 

Ivan  hoe,   610    New  York 

Ivy,   397    Elmira 

Jamaica,  546 Jamaica 

James  M.  Austin,  557. Greenville 

James  Ten  Eyck,  831 Albany 

Jefferson,  332 Watkins 

Jephtha,  494 Huntington 

Jerusalem,  355  ....  Lansingburgh 
Jerusalem  Temple,  721, 

Cornwall   on   Hudson 

Jesse  L.  Cooley,  966 Elmira 

John  D.  Willard,  250. New  York 
John  Hancock,  70.  . .  .New  York 

John  Hodge,  815   Naples 

Johnson  City,  970.. Johnson  City 
John   Stewart,   871.. Mt.  Vernon 

Jonkheer,  865    Yonkers 

Joppa,   201    Brooklyn 

Jordan,    386    Jordan 

Joseph  Enos,  318 Rushford 

Joseph   Warren,  933.. New  York 

Justice,  753    New  York 

Kane,  454    New  York 

Kedemah,  693    Cairo 

Kedron,  803 Brooklyn 

Kennyetto,   599    Broadalbin 

Keshequa,  299    Nunda 

Keystone,  235    New  York 

Kilwinning,  825    Brooklyn 

King  Hiram,  784 Newfield 

Kings  County,  511 Brooklyn 

Kingston,  10 Kingston 


Name  and  No.  Location. 

King  Solomon's,  279.. New  York 
King  Solomon's  Primitive,  91, 

Troy 

Kisco,  708   Mt.  Kisco 

Klopstock,  760    Stapleton 

Knickerbocker,   642 ...  New  York 

Konosioni,  950    Syracuse 

Lackawanna,   887.  .  .Lackawanna 
La  Clemente  Amitie  Cosmo- 
polite, 410  New  York 

La  Fargeville,  171.  La  Fargeville 

La  Fayette,  64 New  York 

La  Fraternidad,  3S7 . .  New  York 

Lakeland,  952   Buffalo 

Lake  Placid,  834 Lake  Placid 

Lake  Shore,  851   Brocton 

Lamoka,    463    Tyrone 

Lansing,  774 North  Lansing 

La  Sincerite,  373 New  York 

La  Universal,   751 Brooklyn 

Laurel,  972 Brooklyn 

Laurens,  548 Laurens 

Lebanon,   191    New  York 

Leonardo,  937   Brooklyn 

Lessing,  60S   Brooklyn 

Levant,  907 Buffalo 

Level,  914    New  York 

Lewis,  104   Howard 

Lexington,    310    Brooklyn 

Liberty,   510    Cohocton 

Liberty,  959    Utica 

Lily,  342    New  York 

Lincoln,  748  New  York 

Linden wald,  509.Stuyvesant  Falls 
Little   Falls,   181... Little  Falls 

Liverpool,  525    Liverpool 

Livingston,  657    New  York 

Livingston  Manor,  791, 

Livingston  Manor 

Living  Stone,  255   Colden 

Livonia,    778    Livonia 

Lockport,  73  New  York 

Lodi,   345    Lodi 

Long  Island,  382 Brooklyn 

Lorillard,  857   Tuxedo 

Lotus,  31  New  York 

Lowville,    134    Lowville 

Loyalty,   876    New  York 

L'Union  Franchise,  17.New  York 

Macedon,  665  Macedon 

Macedonia,  258   Bolivar 


[187] 


Name  and  No.  Location. 

Maimonides,  743    New  York 

Maine,  399    Maine 

Mamaro,  653 Port  Chester 

Manahatta,  489 New  York 

Manhattan,  62    New  York 

Manitou,  106    New  York 

Manual,  636   Brooklyn 

Maple  Grove,  761 ....  Short  Tract 

Marathon,  438    Marathon 

Marble,  702    Tuckahoe 

Margaretville,  389 .  Margaretville 

Mariners,   67    New  York 

Marion,   278    New  York 

Marion,   926    Marion 

Marsh,  1S8    Brooklyn 

Marshall,  848  New  York 

Masonville,  606    Masonville 

Massapequa,  822.Rockville  Centre 

Massena,  513  Massena 

Master  Builder,  911  .  .  .Kenmore 

Masters,   5    Albany 

Matinecock,  806 Oyster  Bay 

Mayflower,     961 Brooklyn 

Mazzini,  824   New  York 

McClellan,  649 Troupsburgh 

Medina,  336    Medina 

Melrose,  818    Angelica 

Menora,  903    Brooklyn 

Merchants,  709   Brooklyn 

Meridian,  691   Islip 

Metropolitan,  273 New  York 

Mexico,  136  Mexico 

Middleburgh,  663   .  .  .  Middleburgh 

Midian,  897   New  York 

Military,  93   Manlius 

Milnor,   139    Victor 

Milo,  108   Penn  Yan 

Minerva,  792 Brooklyn 

Mistletoe,  647    Brooklyn 

MizpAn,  738 Elmhurst 

Modestia,  340 Buffalo 

Mohawk  Valley,  276. . .  .Mohawk 

Mongaup,  S16 Liberty 

Monitor,  528 New  York 

Monroe,    173    Brockport 

Montauk,  286   Brooklyn 

Montezuma,   176 Montezuma 

Montgomery,  68 New  York 

Montgomery,  504    Stillwater 

Monticello,  532   Monticello 

Montour,    168 Painted   Post 


Name  and  No.  Location. 

Monumental,  374   Tivoli 

Moriah,  958 Utica 

Morning  Star,  65     Canisteo 

Morning  Star,  524 Marcellua 

Morning  Sun,  142 . . .  Port  Henry 

Morrisville,  658   Morrisville 

Morton,   63    Hempstead 

Mosaic,  418 New  York 

Mountain,  529 Windham 

Mt.  Arab,  847 Tupper  Lake 

Mt.  Defiance,  794   . .  Ticonderoga 

Mt.  Hermon,  572 Ellenburgh 

Mt.  Hope,  260   Fort  Ann 

Mt.  Horeb,  708    Mooers 

Mt.  Lebanon,  775. Van  Ettenville 

Mt.  Masada,  902 Mt.  Vernon 

Mt.  Moriah,  27   New  York 

Mt.  Moriah,  145 Jamestown 

Mt.  Morris,  122 Mt.  Morris 

Mt.  Neboh,  257 New  York 

Mt.  Sinai,  864 Syracuse 

Mt.  Tabor,  807    Hunter 

Mount  Vernon,  3 Albany 

Mt.  Vernon,  263 North  Java 

Mt.  Zion,  311 Troy 

Munn,  190 New  York 

Murray,  380 Holley 

Myrtle,  131   Montour  Falls 

Mystic    Art,    899 Buffalo 

Mystic  Tie,  272   New  York 

Napiithali,  752    New  York 

Nassau,  536 Brooklyn 

National,  209 New  York 

Naurashank,    939... Pearl    River 

Naval,  69 New  York 

Navigator,    232    New  York 

Nepperhan,  736   Yonkers 

Neptune,  317    New  York 

Netherland,  904   New  York 

Newark,  83    Newark 

Newark  Valley,  614, 

Newark    Valley 

Newburgh,  309   Newburgh 

Newfane,  947    Newfane 

New  Hope,  730   Schenectady 

New  London,  420  .  .  .New  London 

Newport,  455   Newport 

New  York,  330 New  York 

Niagara,  375   Lockport 

Niagara  Frontier,  132, 

Niagara  Falls 


[188] 


Name  and  No.  Location. 

Niagara  River,  785. Niagara  Falls 

Noah,-  754    Altamont 

Normal,  523 New  York 

Norsemen,  878   Brooklyn 

North  Bangor,  550. North  Bangor 
Northern  Constellation,  291, 

Malone 
Northern  Light,  505. West  Chazy 

Northfield,  420    Pittsf ord 

North  Star,  107 Brushton 

North  Woods,  849 Old  Forge 

Norwich,  302    Norwich 

Nunda    Station,    082 DaltoD 

Oakland,  379   Castile 

Oasis,    119    Prattsville 

Oatka,   759    Scottsville 

Occidental,    700    Buffalo 

Ocean,   150    New  York 

Ogdensburgh,  128.  .  .Ogdensburgb 

Old  Oak,  253   Millport 

Old  Town,  908 Southampton 

Olean,  252 Olean 

Olive,    575    Sherman 

Olive  Branch,  39 Le  Roy 

Olive  Branch,  40    ....  Frankfort 

Oltmans,  440    Brooklyn 

Olympia,  808 Far  Rockaway 

On  da  wa,  820 Mechanicville 

Oneida,  270   Oneida 

Oneonta,  400   Oneonta 

Onesquethau,  804   ....Coeymans 
Onondaga,  802  ....  East  Syracuse 

Ontario,  370  Wilson 

Orient,  238  Copenhagen 

Oriental,  224   Utica 

Orion,  717 Brooklyn 

Oriona,   229    Fillmore 

Oriskany,  799 Oriskany 

Oswegatchie,   087    Fine 

Oswego,  127   Oswego 

Otego  Union,  282   Otego 

Otsego,  138  Cooperstown 

Otseningo,   435 Binghamton 

Oxford,  175   Oxford 

Pacific,   233    New  York 

Painted    Post,    117 Corning 

Palestine,    204    New  York 

Palmyra,  248   Palmyra 

Parish,    292    Buffalo 

Park,    510    New  York 

Paul  Revere,  929  ....  New  York 

[ 


Name  and  No.  Location 

Paumanok,  855 Great  Neck 

Peacock,  090   Mayville 

Peconic,   349    Greenport 

Peliiam,  712    New  York 

Penfield   Union,    154.  . .  .Penfield 

Pentalpha,  744   New  York 

Perfect  Ashlar,  004.. New  York 

Perseverance,  942    Buffalo 

Philadelphia,  910.  .  .Philadelphia 

Philanthropic,   104 Camden 

Philipstown,  230.... Cold  Spring 

Piiilo,  90S Syracuse 

Phoebus,  82 New  Berlin 

Phoenix,  58  Lansingburgh 

Phoenix,  90   Whitehall 

Phoenix,    115    Dansville 

Phoenix,  202 Gowanda 

Piatt,  194    New  York 

Pilgrim,  890    New  York 

Pioneer,  20   New  York 

Pisgah,  720    Evans  Mills 

Plattsburgii,  828  .  . .  Plattsburgh 
Pleasantville,  880. .  Pleasantville 
Pocahontas,  211.  ..  .Seneca  Falls 

Polar   Star,  245 New  York 

Port  Byron,  130 Port  Byron 

Port  Jervis,  328 Port  Jervis 

Port  Leyden,  009.  . .  .Port  Leyden 

Portville,  579    Portville 

PouonKEEPSiE,  200.  .  Poughkeepsie 
Prattsburgh,  583 .  .  .  .  Prattsburgh 
Prince  of  Orange,  10. New  York 

Progressive,  354 Brooklyn 

Prospect,    978 Brooklyn 

Prosperity,  902 Woodhaven 

Pulaski,  415    Pulaski 

Pultneyville,  159.  ..  .Williamson 

PuRrrAN,  339 New  York 

Putnam,  338  New  York 

Pyramid,   490    New  York 

Pythagoras,  80    New  York 

Queen  City,  358   Buffalo 

Racket  River,  213    Potsdam 

Radiant,   739    New  York 

Radium,  844   Ossining 

Ramapo,  589  Suffern 

Randolph,  359   Randolph 

Ransomville,    551 .  .  .Ransomville 

Red  Jacket,  040   Lockport 

Reliance,  770   Brooklyn 

Remsen,   077    Trenton 

189  1 


Name  and  No. 


Location. 


Renovation,  97- Albion 

Republic,  690  New  York 

Republican,  325   Parish 

Rescue,  772 Crown  Point 

Restoration,  777 Woodhull 

Rhinebeck,   432    Rhinebeck 

Richfield  Springs,  482, 

Richfield  Springs 

Richmond,  60 Port  Richmond 

Richmond  Hill,  892, 

Richmond   Hill 

Richville,   033    Richville 

Ridgewood,  710  Brooklyn 

Rising    Light,   037 Belleville 

Rising  Star,  450  Yonkers 

Rising  Sun,  103, 

Saratoga   Springs 

Rising  Sun,  234 Adams 

Riverhead,  045   Riverhead 

Robinson,  895   Jasper 

Rochester,  000   Rochester 

Rockland,  723  Nyack 

Rodman,  500  Rodman 

Roma,   854    Brooklyn 

Roman,  223   Rome 

Rondout,  343    Rondout 

Roome,   740    New  York 

Rose,  590  Rose 

Round  Hill,  533  Union 

Rushville,   377    Rushville 

Russell,  500 Russell 

Russell,  850   Ravena 

Sackets  Harbor,  135, 

Sackets  Harbor 

Sagamore,  371    New  York 

Salem,  391    Salem 

Salem  Town,  326   Cayuga 

Salina,  955    Syracuse 

Salt  Springs,  520   Syracuse 

Sanctorum,  747   Brooklyn 

SANDOLPnON,  830    Brooklyn 

Sandy  Creek,  504... Sandy  Creek 
Sandy  Hill,  372 . . .  Hudson  Falls 

Sanger,    129    Waterville 

SAPPniRE,  708 Camillus 

Sauquoit,  150   Sauquoit 

Savannah,  7G4    Savannah 

Savona,   755    Savona 

Schenevus  Valley,  592, 

Schenevus 
Schiller,  304    Brooklyn 


Name  and   No.  Location. 

Schodack  Union,  87, 

East    Schodack 
Schoharie  Valley,  491 .  Schoharie 

Schuyler,  076   Schuylerville 

Schuylers   Lake,   162, 

Schuyler  Lake 

Scipio,    110    Aurora 

Sconondoa,  814    Vernon 

Scotia,  034    New  York 

Scriba,  414   Constantia 

Sea  and  Field,  No.  l.New  York 
Sea  and  Field,  No.  2. . .  .Syracuse 
Sea  and  Field,  No.  3  . . . .  Auburn 

Seawaniiaka,   078 Brooklyn 

Senate,  450 Glens  Falls 

Seneca,  113   Waterloo 

Seneca,   920    Rochester 

Seneca  Lake,  308 Dresden 

Seneca  River,  100.  .Baldwinsville 

Sentinel,   151    Greenwood 

Shakespeare,  750  ....  New  York 
Sharon    Springs,    024, 

Sharon   Springs 
Shekomeko,    458, 

Washington    Hollow 

Sherburne,  444 Sherburne 

Sidney,  801    Sidney 

Silentia,  198    New  York 

Silver,  757 Silver  Creek 

Sincerity,   200    Phelps 

Sisco,   259    Westport 

Skaneateles,    522 Skaneateles 

Social,  713 Kendall 

Social  Friendship,  741, 

New  Baltimore 

Socrates,  595   New  York 

Sodus,  392   Sodus 

Solomon's,  190 Tarrytown 

Solon,  771   New  York 

Somerset,  039   Somerset 

Southern  Light,  725.  .Breesport 
South  Otselic,  059. South  Otselic 

South  Side,  493 Patchogue 

Spartan,  956   Freeport 

Speedsville,  265    Berkshire 

Spencer,  290   Spencer 

Springville,  351    Springville 

St.  Albans,  50   Brooklyn 

Standard,  711    Monroe 

St.  Andrew's,  2S9 Hobart 

Star,  070  Petersburgh 


[190] 


Name  and  No.  Location. 

Stab  of  Bethlehem,  322, 

Brooklyn 

Star  of  Cuba,  742 New  York 

Star  of  Hope,  430 Brooklyn 

Stab  of  the  East,  843, 

East  Hampton 

St.  Cecile,  5GS New  York 

Stella,  485    Brooklyn 

Steeling,  817    Brooklyn 

Steuben,  112 Bath 

St.  jGeobge's,  0 Schenectady 

Stissing,  615 Pine  Plains 

St.  John's,  1    New  York 

St.  John's,  22.  .Greenfield  Centre 
St.  Joiinsville,  Gil. St.  Johnsville 

St.  Laweence,  111    Canton 

St.  Nicholas,  321 New  York 

Stony  Point,  313 ....  Haverstraw 

St.  Patbick's,  4 Johnstown 

St.  Paul's,  124 Auburn 

Stbict  Obseevance,  94. New  York 

Stutvesant,  745    New  York 

Suffolk,  60 Port  Jefferson 

Sullivan,  148    Chittenango 

Summit,  219    Westfield 

Sunnyside,  731 Castleton 

Sunset,    936    Brooklyn 

Susquehanna,  167. . .  .Bainbridge 
Suthebland,  826, 

North  Tonawanda 

Sylvan,   41    Moravia 

Sylvan,  303   Sinclairville 

Sylvan  Gbove,  275 ....  New  York 

Syeacuse,  501   Syracuse 

Tabeenacle,  598 New  York 

Tadmoe,  923    Ridgewood 

Tahawus,  790  . . .  Au  Sable  Forks 

Tecumseh,    487    New  York 

Templab,  203    New  York 

Temple,   14    Albany 

Teutonia,  617 New  York 

Thebesa,  174 Theresa 

Thistle,  900   Yonkers 

Tienudeebah,   605    Morris 

Tioga,   534    Smithboro 

Tompkins,  471   Stapleton 

Tonawanda,  247 Tonawanda 

Teanspoetation,    842 Buffalo 

Teiluminab,  543 Pike 

Trinity,  12    New  York 


Name  and  No.  Location. 

Tbiune,  782    Poughkeepsie 

Teowel,  873    New   York 

Teue  Cbaftsman's,  651. New  York 
Tbumansbuegh,   157, 

Trumansburg 

Tbuth,   881    New  York 

Tully,    896    Tully 

Tuein,  184   Turin 

Tuscan,  704 Brooklyn 

Tyeian,  618   Brooklyn 

Tybian,   925    Buffalo 

UnLAND,  735   New  York 

Ulsteb,  193   Saugerties 

Uncas,  949  Syracuse 

Union,  45   Lima 

Union,   95    Elmira 

Union,  114 Ovid 

Union  Stab,  320.  .Honeoye  Falls 
United  Bbothees,  356. New  York 

United  Ceaft,  931 Buffalo 

United   States,  207 . . .  New  York 

Unity,  9 Lebanon  Springs 

UNrvEBSiTY,    944    Alfred 

Uppeb  Lisle,  388 ....  Upper  Lisle 

Ubania,   810    Machias 

Uebana,  459   Hammondsport 

Ubiel,  809   Forestport 

Utica,  47    Utica 

Valatie,  362  Valatie 

Valley,   109    Rochester 

Van  Heuvel,  941   Heuvelton 

Van   Rensselaeb,  400, 

Hoosick   Falls 

Veeitas,  734   New  York 

Victob,   680 Schaghticoke 

Vienna,   440    Vienna 

Von  Mensch,  765 Brooklyn 

Waddington,  393 Waddington 

Wadswobth,  417    Albany 

Wallkill,  627 Walden 

Walton,  559 Walton 

Walwobth,  254 Walworth 

Wamponamon,  437 . . .  Sag  Harbor 
Wandeeee,  884 .  .  Long  Island  City 
Wappingees,   671, 

Wappingers  Falls 

Waeben,  32   Schultzville 

Wabben,  147 Union  Springs 

Waeben  C.  Hubbabd,  964, 

Rochester 


[191] 


Namu  and  No.  Location. 

Warren    Patciiin,   883.  .Wayland 
Warrensburgii,  425 

Warrensburgh 

Warsaw,   540    Warsaw 

Warwick,  544   Warwick 

Washington,   21    New  York 

Washington,  85 Albany 

Washington,  240    Buffalo 

Watertown,  40 Watertown 

Waverly,  407    Waverly 

Wawarsing,   582    Ellenville 

Wawayanda,  315   Piermont 

Wayne,  410   Ontario 

Welcome,  820   Amsterdam 

Webster,   538    Webster 

Weedsport,   385    Weedsport 

Werotuck,  480   Millerton 

Wellsville,   230    Wellsville 

Westbrook,  333   Nichols 

Westchester,  180 Ossining 

Western  Light,  507 Lisle 

Western  Star,  15.  . .  Bridgewater 

Western  Union,   140 Belfast 

West  Point,  877.  .Highland  Falls 

West  Star,  413   Varysburgh 

What  Cheer,  680 Norwood 


Name  and  No.  Location. 

White  Face  Mountain,  789, 

Saranac   Lake 
White  Plains,  473.  .White  Plains 

Whitestone,  973 Whitestone 

WniTNEYS  Point,  795, 

Whitneys   Point 

Widow's  Son,  335 Livingston 

Wieland,  714   New  York 

Wildwood,  477 Edwards 

William  McKinley,  840, 

New  York 

Windsor,  442   Windsor 

Winfield,  581 West  Winfield 

Winyah,  806 Pelham 

Wolcott,  560 Wolcott 

Woodiiull,  982 Jamaica 

Working,  554 Jefferson 

Worth,  210   New  York 

Wyoming,  402  New  York 

Yates,  675  Lyndonville 

Yew  Tree,  461 Brooklyn 

Yonnondio,  163   Rochester 

York,  197 New  York 

Zeredatha,  483   Brooklyn 

Zetland,  951    Rochester 

Zion,  514   Orchard  Park 

Zschokke.  202    New  York 


[192] 


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